What are homogeneous words in Russian? What are homogeneous members? §1. Homogeneous members of the sentence

What are series of homogeneous members? You will find the answer to this question in this article. In addition, we will tell you what types such sentence members are divided into, as well as how they should be separated.

general information

Series of homogeneous members are those members of a sentence that are associated with the same word form and also perform the same syntactic function. As a rule, such words are pronounced with the intonation of enumeration. Moreover, in a sentence they are arranged contactally (that is, one after the other), and also quite often allow any rearrangement. Although it is not always possible. After all, the first in such a series is usually called that which is primary from a chronological or logical point of view, or the most important for the speaker.

Main features

The series of homogeneous members of a sentence are characterized by the following features:

Homogeneous members: examples in a sentence

To make it more clear to you what such members represent, we will give a clear example: “Below, the sea surf roared widely and rhythmically.” In this passage there are 2 circumstances (broad and measured). They have (with the help of the conjunction “and”), and also depend on the main member of the sentence (predicate) - made noise (that is, made noise “how?” widely and measuredly).

What do they serve as?

Homogeneous members appear in a sentence both as main and secondary members. Here are some examples:

• “Vegetable gardens, meadows, groves and fields stretched along both banks.” Such a series of homogeneous members acts as the subject.
• “The lanterns are now dim, now bright.” This
• “Everyone began vying with each other to praise Anton’s intelligence, courage, and generosity.” These are homogeneous additions.
• “The dog whined, lay down, stretched out its front paws and put its muzzle on them.” These are homogeneous predicates.
• “The wind was hitting the sides of the boat more and more sharply, more persistently and forcefully.” These are similar circumstances.

Types of homogeneous members

The series of homogeneous members, examples of which are presented in this article, in a sentence can be both common and non-common. That is, such expressions can have any explanatory words with them. Here's an example:

What part of speech can they act as?

A number of homogeneous members in a sentence can be expressed by one part of speech. Although this rule is not always mandatory for him. After all, one and the same member often appears in the form of different parts of speech. This is due to the fact that they can have completely different morphological expressions. Let's give an example: "The horse moved slowly (in the form of an adverb), with dignity (in the form of a noun with a preposition), stamping its hooves (in the form of an adverbial phrase)."

One-dimensionality

All homogeneous members used in a sentence must denote one-dimensional phenomena in some respect. If you break this rule, the text will be perceived as an anomaly. Although this method is often deliberately used by some authors for stylistic purposes. Here are a few examples of proposals:

• “Only Misha, winter and heating did not sleep.”
• “When mother and frost allowed me to stick my nose out of the house, Masha went to wander around the yard alone.”

Construction method

Homogeneous members are often arranged in a sentence in a row that represents unity in meaning and structure. Let's give an example: “Cucumbers, tomatoes, beets, potatoes, etc. grew in the garden.”

It should also be noted that one sentence may contain more than one row of homogeneous members. Let's look at an illustrative example: “The frost on the street grew stronger and stung my face, ears, nose, and hands.” In this sentence, “fastened and pinched” is one row, and “face, ears, nose, hands” is the second row.

"Exceptions" to the rules

Not all enumerations in a given text are homogeneous. Indeed, in some cases such combinations act as a single member of the sentence. To deal with such exceptions, let's present a few illustrative examples:

Homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions

If the members of a sentence act as a definition, then they can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous.

Homogeneous members of a sentence are expressions that relate to a defined word. That is, they are connected to each other by a coordinating connection. In addition, they are pronounced with the intonation of enumeration.

Homogeneous definitions in a given sentence can characterize a phenomenon or an object from the same side (for example, by properties, material, color, etc.). In this case, commas should be placed between them. Let's give a clear example: “Violent, mighty, deafening rain poured onto the city.”

As for heterogeneous definitions, they characterize an object from completely different sides. In such situations there is no coordinating connection between the words. That is why they are pronounced without the intonation of enumeration. It should also be noted that commas are not placed between heterogeneous definitions. Let's give an example: “There were tall, dense pine trees in a large clearing.”

Summarizing words

Homogeneous members may have generalizing words that occupy the following positions:

• Before or after homogeneous members. Let's give an example: “Everything in a person should be beautiful: clothes, face, thoughts, and soul,” “In the bushes, in the grass of wild rosehip and dogwood, on the trees and in the vineyards, aphids have developed everywhere.”
• After, or rather before, homogeneous members there may be words such as “namely”, “somehow”, “for example”. They usually indicate further enumeration. Let's give an example: “The game of hunters includes not only birds, but also other animals, namely: wild boars, bears, wild goats, deer, hares.”
• After homogeneous members, or rather before generalizing words, there may be expressions that have the meaning of a total (for example, “in one word,” “in a word,” etc.).

Sentences with homogeneous members are widely used in oral and written speech. After reading the article, you will learn what it is, become familiar with the peculiarities of using homogeneous members of a sentence, as well as the rules of punctuation when writing them.

What are homogeneous members of a sentence?

Homogeneous members of the sentence- these are sentence members that perform the same syntactic function. In a sentence they refer to the same word and answer the same question. Homogeneous members of a sentence can be represented by any independent part of speech (noun, verb, adjective, etc.) and indicate an object, attribute, action or circumstance.

Sentences with homogeneous members are classified as complex sentences.

Which parts of a sentence can be homogeneous?

Any members of a sentence can act as homogeneous ones. The table shows examples of the use of homogeneous sentence members with different syntactic roles.

Sentence Member	What question is being answered?	Examples
Subject		Masha, Sasha And Vitya walked in the yard. They live at my house kitty And puppy.
Predicate	What to do? What to do?	Today in class we squatted, ran And jumped. Anya good is reading, writes And speaks in English.
Definition	Which? What?	I bought yellow, red And blue balloons. This table is not big, A small.
Addition	Questions about oblique cases	Grandma fed chickens And ducklings. In the painting the artist depicted field And lake.
Circumstance	How? Where? Where? Where? When? For what? Why?	in winter And in the spring you need to eat more vitamins. The path went up, That down.

In some cases, homogeneous members of a sentence can be represented by different parts of speech, phrases, phraseological expressions or phrases that perform the same syntactic function ( He answered in class(How?) confident, on business, having thought it all out well ).

How to find homogeneous members of a sentence?

To find homogeneous members in a sentence, you must:

• Identify the main and minor members of the sentence;
• Determine which members of the sentence answer one question and relate to one word;
• Check whether they are connected by a coordinating or non-conjunctive connection (whether they are pronounced with the intonation of enumeration).

Example: Woman embroidered a flower and a bird. Flower And bird- additions, answer the question What?, refer to the word embroidered; connected by a coordinating connection, between them there is a coordinating conjunction And.

Sometimes several members of a sentence can be homogeneous at once. Sentences of this type are more often used in written speech.

Examples: Me and him talked and joked yesterday(homogeneous members of the sentence: me, him(subjects) and talked, joked(predicates)).

Punctuation for homogeneous sentence parts

In sentences, homogeneous members can be united by union and non-union connections.

TOP 5 articleswho are reading along with this

Type of communication	Unions	Punctuation rules	Examples
	Connecting or separating single (and, or)	There is no comma between homogeneous members of a sentence	I prepared a salad of cucumbers and tomatoes.
	Single adversatives (ah, but, yes), concessive (Although)	A comma is placed before the conjunction	He was late, but he came.
	Repetitive ( this - that, and - and, or - or, neither - nor, yes - yes and etc.)	The second and subsequent conjunctions are preceded by a comma	It snows or rains.
Non-Union		There is always a comma between homogeneous members	He admired paintings and sculptures.

If a generalizing word is used before homogeneous members of a sentence, a colon is placed after it; if a generalizing word comes after homogeneous members of a sentence, then a dash is placed in front of it (I love different fruits: apples, bananas and oranges. About joys, about failures, about love - about everything was in this book).

Homogeneous members of a sentence are studied in Russian language lessons in 4th grade.

What have we learned?

• Homogeneous members of a sentence have the same syntactic features and answer the same question;
• Homogeneous members of a sentence can be represented by any part of speech, phrase, phrase;
• In writing, a comma, a conjunction, or a comma and a conjunction can be placed between homogeneous members of a sentence.

Test on the topic

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1. Homogeneous members- These are sentence members that usually answer the same question and are associated with the same word in the sentence.

Homogeneous members- these are identical members of a sentence, united with each other by a coordinating connection.

Homogeneous members can be both main and secondary members of a sentence.

For example: Forest humus and moss absorb this rain slowly and thoroughly(Paustovsky). This sentence has two rows of homogeneous members: homogeneous subjects humus And moss correspond to one predicate - absorb; homogeneous circumstances of the course of action slowly, thoroughly depend on the predicate ( absorb(How?) slowly, thoroughly).

2. Homogeneous members are usually expressed by the same part of speech.

Wed: humus And moss- nouns in the nominative case.

But homogeneous members can also be morphologically heterogeneous:

A young man came in twenty-five years old, resplendent in health, . In this sentence, among homogeneous definitions, the first is expressed by a noun phrase in the genitive case ( twenty-five years old ), the second - participial phrase ( resplendent in health ), the third - a combination of three nouns in the instrumental case with the preposition c with the dependent participle ( with laughing cheeks, lips and eyes ).

Note. Sometimes a coordinating connection can also connect opposite parts of a sentence, for example: It is unknown who and how spread the news of the death of old Sokjoy throughout the taiga(Fedoseev). Conjunctive words in a subordinate clause are different members of the sentence (subject Who and the circumstance of the course of action How, but they are connected by the coordinating conjunction and ).

Note!

The following are not homogeneous members of the sentence:

1) repeated words used to emphasize the multitude of objects, the duration of an action, its repetition, etc.

We seemed to be floating in the air and spinning, spinning, spinning; White fragrant daisies run back and forth under his feet(Kuprin).

Such combinations of words are considered as a single member of the sentence;

2) repeating identical shapes connected by a particle not, like this: believe it or not, try, don’t try, write like this, write like this, work like this, work like this;

3) combinations of two verbs, the first of which is lexically incomplete: I'll take it and tell you, I took it and complained, I'll go and have a look and so on.;

4) stable combinations with double conjunctions, between which there is no comma (!):

neither back nor forward, neither for anything nor about anything, neither fish nor fowl, nor sleep nor spirit, and laughter and sin, and this way and that and etc.

3. Homogeneous members are connected by intonation (non-union connection) and coordinating conjunctions or only by intonation. If homogeneous members are separated by a comma, then commas are placed only between them. There are no commas before the first homogeneous term and after the last homogeneous term (!).

Punctuation marks for homogeneous members

A) Non-union connection- comma between homogeneous members is put.

For example: He cried and stomped kicks(M. Gorky); Here and there along the road you come across a gloomy broom or young birch (L. Tolstoy).

Note. Conjunctions and, yes, yes and can have a connecting meaning (meaning “and moreover”). These unions introduce not homogeneous, but connecting members of the sentence. In this case, a comma is placed before the conjunction. Wed: People laughed at him, and rightly so.(Panova). - People laughed at him, and rightly so; What can you tell a sculptor to do, and a bad one at that?(Turgenev). - What can you tell a sculptor to do, and a bad one at that?

C) Repeating connecting conjunctions(and...and; neither...nor) and repeated disjunctive conjunctions (or or; or either; then... then; not that... not that is put.

and O, and O; neither O nor O; then O, then O

For example: Neither the earth, nor the trees, nor the sky could be seen; But Vasily Lvovich either did not hear her words, or did not attach real meaning to them(Kuprin).

Note!

1) If conjunctions are repeated, then punctuation marks are placed in the same way as in a non-union connection, that is, between homogeneous members (a comma is not placed before the first homogeneous member and after the last homogeneous member!).

Wed: Neither the earth, nor the trees, nor the sky was visible anymore. - The earth, trees, and sky were no longer visible.

2) A comma is placed between all homogeneous members also in the case when only part of them is connected by repeating unions, and the rest are connected by a non-union part.

Wed: He is blind, stubborn, impatient, and frivolous, and arrogant(Pushkin). - He is blind, stubborn, impatient, frivolous, arrogant.

3) If a conjunction connects homogeneous members in pairs, then a comma is placed only in front of paired groups.

I'm happy and strong, free and young(Bryusov).

Paired conjunctions can be connected by a repeating conjunction and.

Mines exploded both near and far, to the right and to the left.

4) With two homogeneous members with a repeating conjunction, a comma may not be placed if the homogeneous members form a close semantic unity (such homogeneous members do not have explanatory words):

and brothers and sisters, and parents and children, and body and soul, and poetry and prose, and days and nights, and knives and forks and etc.

Most often, such unities form antonymic pairs:

and glory and shame, and love and hate, and joy and sorrow and etc.

5) A comma is not placed inside complete phraseological phrases with two repeated conjunctions and or neither:

and day and night, and laughter and sorrow, and old and young, and this way and that, and here and there, neither more nor less, neither back nor forward, neither alive nor dead, neither yes nor no, neither day nor night, neither end nor edge, neither fluff nor feather, neither fish nor meat, neither one nor the other, neither add nor subtract and etc.

6) If the conjunction is repeated in a sentence not with homogeneous members, then a comma is not placed between them.

At home and at work he searched and found no peace(the first conjunction connects the circumstances of the place: at home and at work; the second conjunction connects homogeneous predicates: searched and didn't find).

D) Opposing alliances(a, but, but, yes = but, however = but) - a comma between homogeneous terms is put.

O, and O; Oh, but Oh; Oh, however Oh; Oh, but O

For example: It looks good, but it’s green(Krylov); Now the sea did not shine entirely, but only in several places (Kataev); Our shelter is small, but calm(Lermontov).

Note!

1) After the last homogeneous member connected by an adversative conjunction, a comma is not placed.

It’s not the race, but the mind that I will put as a governor(Pushkin).

2) The conjunction however should be distinguished from the introductory word however: the conjunction however can be replaced by the synonymous conjunction but. If however is a conjunction, then the comma is placed only before it.

Wed: The task was not difficult, but time-consuming. - The task was not difficult, but labor-intensive.

If however is an introductory word, then commas are placed on both sides.

He, however, remained calm.

D) Double and paired unions (if not... then; if not..., then; although..., but also; both... and; not only but; not so much..., but; as much... as; not that..., but; not that... but) - comma between homogeneous terms is put.

For example: The glow spread not only over the city center, but also far around(Fadeev); I have instructions from both the judge and all our friends to reconcile you with your friend(Gogol); For Alevtina Vasilievna, although familiar, the power of Erofey Kuzmich was heavy(Bubenkov).

Note!

1) Homogeneous members with double and paired conjunctions are separated by only one comma, which is placed before the second part of the conjunction. A comma is not placed either before the first homogeneous term or after the last homogeneous term. To avoid mistakes in placing punctuation marks, omit the double conjunction: a comma is placed between homogeneous members, as in a non-union connection.

Wed: The glow spread not only above the city center, but also far around. - The glow spread above the city center, far around ; I have instructions from both the judge and all our friends to reconcile you with your friend. - I have instructions from the judge and from all our friends to reconcile you with your friend; For Alevtina Vasilyevna, although familiar, the power of Erofey Kuzmich was heavy. - For Alevtina Vasilyevna, the power of Erofey Kuzmich was familiar and heavy.

2) Parts of some double and paired conjunctions have homonyms - subordinating conjunctions used in subordinate clauses: if, although, how, what, in order. Subordinate clauses (with these and other conjunctions), if they are inside the main clause, are separated by commas on both sides.

Wed: Then, to calm down a little, I took up the book; Then I though my thoughts We were in the laboratory and picked up a book.

Therefore, when placing punctuation marks, be sure to pay attention to what these forms are (a subordinating conjunction or part of a double and paired conjunction) and what they connect (homogeneous members or the main clause with a subordinate clause).

Note. Conjunctions and also, or even may have a connecting meaning (meaning “and moreover”). Please note that there is no comma after the second homogeneous member of a sentence with such a conjunction. For example: Happens difficult, if not impossible immediately understand such a situation.

4. Homogeneous members can be combined with a generalizing word. General word is the same member of the sentence as other homogeneous members, answers the same question, but has a general meaning:

a generalizing word denotes a whole, and homogeneous members denote parts of this whole:

Behind the village from the hill one could see city: block squares, brick buildings, overflowing gardens, church spiers(Sholokhov);

a generalizing word denotes a generic (general concept), and homogeneous members - specific (more specific concepts):

Screamed piercingly bird: roosters, geese, turkeys(Fadeev).

Generalizing words are expressed by different parts of speech, but most often by pronouns and pronominal adverbs and nouns:

Punctuation marks for homogeneous members with generalizing words

Punctuation marks for homogeneous members with generalizing words depend on the position of the generalizing word in relation to homogeneous members and on the position of homogeneous members together with the generalizing word in the sentence as a whole.

A) If the generalizing word is before homogeneous members, then before the first homogeneous term is placed colon. : above your head, under your feet and next to you - iron lives, rumbles, celebrating its victories (M. Gorky).

For example: But neither fences nor houses - nothing hasn't changed as much as people(Chekhov).

Note!

If after homogeneous members there is an introductory word before the generalizing word ( in a word, in a word, in short etc.), then a dash is placed before the introductory word, and a comma after the introductory word.

He sings about the scythe, about the arable land, about the harvest, about the sweat of labor - in a word, about everything that we, decent people, are used to looking down on(Saltykov-Shchedrin).

Plan for parsing homogeneous members

1. Indicate which members of the sentence are homogeneous members and what grammatical forms they are expressed.
2. Indicate how homogeneous members are connected to each other (non-union connection, allied connection - type of union or unions).
3. If there is a generalizing word, indicate its position in relation to homogeneous members (before or after homogeneous members).
4. Punctuation marks for homogeneous members.

Sample parsing

Everywhere: above your head, under your feet and next to you - iron lives, rumbles, celebrating its victories(M. Gorky).

This sentence is complicated by homogeneous circumstances of place, expressed by nouns in the indirect case with a preposition ( above your head, under your feet) and adverb ( near). The first two circumstances are connected by a non-union connection, therefore they are separated by a comma ( above your head, under your feet). The second and third circumstances are connected by a single connecting conjunction and, therefore they are not separated by a comma ( under your feet and nearby). Homogeneous members have a generalizing word ( everywhere), expressed by a pronominal adverb. The generalizing word comes before homogeneous members, so a colon is placed after it. Since the sentence does not end with homogeneous members, a dash is placed after them.

In Russian, there are often sentences with words that answer the same question and belong to the same part of speech.

The concept of a homogeneous member of a sentence

Such words in a sentence perform the same function, have equivalent meaning and are connected to each other by intonation and coordinating connection. Such members of a sentence in Russian are called homogeneous. Examples of homogeneous members of a sentence:

The old green poplars rustled, groaned, and moved alarmingly. In this sentence, the homogeneous members are predicates.

The green forest rustled incessantly, evenly. In this sentence, the homogeneous members are circumstances.

Let's analyze what the main features of homogeneous members are. Firstly, they all have the same involvement in the main word with which they are directly associated. There are exceptions in which homogeneous members of the sentence do not belong to this part of speech.

For example:
I like to walk slowly, with stops.

Punctuation: homogeneous members and connecting conjunctions

Connecting conjunctions in sentences with homogeneous members are most often represented by the conjunctions “and this, and that”, “and neither, and nor”, ​​“also, too”, “not only..., but also”.

Before conjunctions that connect homogeneous members of a sentence, a comma should be placed in three cases:
1. With a dividing and single connecting union of homogeneous members of a sentence. For example:

1.1. Crucians and carps splashed in the pond.

1.2. In the pine forest you can see a woodpecker or a squirrel.

2. If conjunctions combine several pairs of homogeneous members of a sentence. For example: Uncle Vanya’s collection included many daggers and knives, guns and pistols, decorated with stones.
3. If homogeneous members are connected to each other by repeating unions, and thus form a stable combination. For example: Aunt gave us a lot of multi-colored flags: red, green, and yellow.

Notes It should be remembered that in some cases, combinations with double conjunctions and homogeneous members of the sentence can be confused. This is the most common mistake among students. Examples of sentences with combinations with double conjunctions:

I like to walk quietly in the forest, with stops.

Vivid examples of combinations with double conjunctions, which are often falsely attributed to homogeneous members of a sentence, are laughter and sin, neither fish nor fowl, etc.

Heterogeneity relations are often found in adjectives - a large leather bag, a small glass glass.
In sentences with homogeneous members, homogeneous words most often describe the dynamics of this action, the qualitative characteristics of one object. If homogeneous members have increased expressiveness, they form a series of epithets.

In some sentences we come across words that are repeated. It is important to know that they are not homogeneous members of the sentence. Example: Spring was waiting, nature was waiting. The word “waited” is repeated in this sentence two times solely to emphasize the importance of the upcoming event. Such and similar words are considered in Russian as one member of a sentence.

1. Homogeneous members of the sentence- these are the members of the sentence that
are related to the same word in a sentence and usually answer
same question. These are also the same members of the sentence,
united with each other by a creative connection.

Homogeneous members can be both major and minor members
offers.

Here's an example:
The old carpenter Vasily and his apprentice do the work slowly,
thoroughly.

In this sentence there are two rows of homogeneous members: homogeneous
the subjects Vasily and the student correspond to one predicate -
perform;
homogeneous circumstances of the course of action slowly, thoroughly
depend on the predicate (perform (how?) slowly, thoroughly).

2. Homogeneous members are usually expressed by the same part of speech.

Let's give an example: Vasily and the student are nouns in
nominative case.

But homogeneous members can also be morphologically heterogeneous:

A young lady of about thirty-two entered, glowing with health, with
laughing lips, cheeks and eyes.
In this sentence, among homogeneous definitions, the first is expressed
noun phrase in the genitive case (age thirty-two),
the second – a participial phrase (blazing with health), the third –
a combination of three nouns in the instrumental case with a preposition with
with dependent participle (with laughing lips, cheeks and eyes).

Note. Sometimes a coordinating connection can connect and
opposite members of a sentence.
Let's give an example: It is not clear who and how distributed it throughout the region
news of the birth of a white boy.
Conjunctive words in a subordinate clause are different members
sentences (subject who and adverbial manner of action how, but
They are connected by a coordinating conjunction and).

3. Homogeneous members are connected by coordinating conjunctions and intonation or just intonation. If homogeneous terms are separated by a comma, then
commas are placed only between them. Before the first homogeneous member,
There are no commas after the last homogeneous term.

Punctuation marks for homogeneous members X.

A) Non-union connection - a comma is placed between homogeneous members.

* , *, *
Here's an example:
A strange, motley, dense life passed with terrible speed.

Single connecting unions(and, yes=and) or disjunctive conjunctions
(either, or) – a comma is not placed between homogeneous terms.

* And *; * or *.

Here's an example:
She cried and stamped her feet;
Here and there along the road you come across a white birch or a weeping willow.

Note.
Conjunctions and, yes and, yes can have a connecting meaning. These unions
They introduce not homogeneous, but connecting members of the sentence. In that
In this case, a comma is placed before the conjunction.
Here's an example:
People made fun of her, and rightfully so.
“People made fun of her, and rightly so;
Why would you order an artist, and a bad one at that, to draw?
- Why would you order an artist to draw, and a bad one at that?

Opposing alliances(but, but, but, however=but, yes=but) – a comma between
homogeneous members are placed.
*, A *; *, But *; *, however *; *, but *

Let's give an example: He looks handsome, but young;
Now the lake shimmered not entirely, but only in a few places;
Our kindergarten is small, but cozy.

D) Double and paired unions(if not..., if not..., then; not
so much..., so; although..., but also; both..., not only..., and; but also;
How many; as much... as; not that..., but; Not really...,
a) – a comma is placed between homogeneous terms.
Not only but *; both * and *; although *, but also *.

Here's an example:
The rainbow stretched not only over the outskirts of the city, but also far away
around;
I have instructions from both the judge and all our friends to reconcile
you and your friend;
For Vasily Vasilievich, although familiar, the power of Erofey was heavy
Kuzmich.

Homogeneous members can be combined with a general word. Generalizing
the word is the same member of the sentence as other homogeneous
members, answers the same question, but has a general meaning:

A generalizing word denotes the whole, and homogeneous members denote parts of it.
whole:

Outside the city, from the mountain, a village was visible: square blocks, wooden
buildings, overflowing gardens, church spiers;

A generalizing word denotes a generic (general concept), and homogeneous
members – specific (more particular concepts):

Birds screamed shrilly: roosters, geese, turkeys (Fadeev).

Generalizing words are expressed by different parts of speech, but most often
pronouns and pronominal adverbs and nouns:

The forest is always beautiful: both on winter days and in spring (always -
pronominal adverb); Everything is here: both the building and the greenery - I perceived
especially I (everything is a pronoun).

Self-control task:
1. Find homogeneous members in these sentences.
What parts of speech are they expressed by?
Explain the spelling of the highlighted words, analyze them according to their composition
a) Visitors to the exhibition examined metal products with interest,
glass vases, national costumes, embroidery, jewelry from
mother of pearl brought from distant islands.
b) People came to the meeting to exchange experiences, to understand the assumptions
mistakes, outline a plan for further work.
c) Edward walked quickly, with a measured step, without looking around.