Mikhail Isakovsky. Life and creative path of the poet. Mikhail Isakovsky - Soviet poet who wrote Russian folk songs Years of life of Mikhail Vasilyevich Isakovsky
Isakovsky Mikhail Vasilievich [b. 7(19).1.1900, village of Glotovka, Elninsky district, now Smolensk region], Russian Soviet poet, Hero of Socialist Labor (1970). Member of the CPSU since 1918. Born into a poor peasant family. Even in his childhood, Isakovsky began to write poetry (in 1914, the poem “A Soldier’s Request” was published in the Moscow newspaper “Nov”). In 1921, three small books of Isakovsky’s poems were published in Smolensk. However, the poet considers the beginning of his literary activity to be 1924, when the poems “Podpaski”, “Native” and others were published. In 1927, the book “Wires in Straw” was published in Moscow, which was warmly received by M. Gorky. Then the collections “Province” (1930), “Masters of the Earth” (1931), “Four Desires” (1936) and others appeared. The first steps of socialism in the countryside, the development of culture and socialist consciousness among the peasantry - these are the themes of many of Isakovsky’s poems. “The Poem of Care” (1930) and others are dedicated to collectivization and the historical revolutionary turning point in the countryside. The new man of the Soviet village with his deeds, thoughts and feelings is the main character of his poetry. But Isakovsky is not only a “peasant poet”. “Mikhail Isakovsky,” Gorky wrote, “is not a villager, but that new man who knows that city and village are two forces that cannot exist separately from one another, and knows that the time has come for them to merge into one invincible creative force.” force..." (Uncollected literary critical articles, 1941, pp. 117-18).
A large place in Isakovsky’s work is occupied by patriotic poems about the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, about the heroism of Soviet people at the front and in the rear (“To a Russian Woman”, “The Tale of Russia” and others). Many of Isakovsky’s poems, set to music, have become popular folk songs; they are sung all over the world: “Katyusha”, “And who knows”, “In the front-line forest”, “Ogonyok”, “Oh, my mists...”, “Enemies burned their home”, “Everything froze again until dawn”, “Migratory birds are flying” and others. Isakovsky’s translations of Belarusian and Ukrainian poets, Hungarian folk ballads and songs are known. Isakovsky’s articles and letters on poetry are collected in the book “About Poets, About Poems, About Songs” (1968, 2 additional ed., 1972).
The strength of Isakovsky’s poetry lies in its realism and nationality. The poet always writes out of deep spiritual need. Therefore, political themes are expressed in his poems lyrically and excitedly. In the words of A. Tvardovsky, Isakovsky “... found for the pressing political, often directly propaganda theme, means of expression that are lyrical, sincere, that dispose the heart to what is being discussed in the work” (Collected works, vol. 4, 1969, pp. 368-69). Artistic expressiveness, songfulness and musicality are combined in Isakovsky’s poetry with clarity and simplicity of language and style. Isakovsky’s work develops the traditions of Russian classics, especially N. A. Nekrasov, and is also associated with folk lyrical songs and ditties.
In recent years, Isakovsky has been working on his autobiographical notes “On the Elninskaya Land.”
USSR State Prizes for the lyrics of the songs: “A border guard was leaving service,” “Seeing him off,” “And who knows,” “Katyusha” and others (1943) and for the collection “Poems and Songs” (1949). Awarded 4 Orders of Lenin, 2 other orders, as well as medals.
A. G. Dementyev. Great Soviet Encyclopedia. M., 1969-1981
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Biography, life story of Mikhail Vasilievich Isakovsky
Childhood
On January 7, 1900, in the village of Glotovka, Smolensk region, a boy was born, who in the future became a Hero of Socialist Labor and a laureate of State Prizes. The newborn was named Mikhail Vasilyevich Isakovsky. He became the second-to-last of thirteen children in a poor peasant family barely making ends meet. The poverty of the parents became the reason that the entire education of the future Russian Soviet poet was 6 classes of the gymnasium.
From the moment of his birth, the boy’s father Vasily Nazarovich sought to reveal as much of the world around him as possible. He worked at the post office at the Pavlinovo station, located nearby, and often took Mikhail with him. Each such trip was a joy for him. In addition, his father often brought magazines and newspapers from the post office, with the help of which Mikhail independently learned to read and then write. At the same time, the first “literary works” came from the pen of a 10-year-old boy - he wrote letters for illiterate peasants from the surrounding villages. According to numerous reviews from the villagers, he wrote “well, smoothly and compassionately.” These qualities were popular with the wives of soldiers and other women offended by fate. These letters had a huge impact on the moral and aesthetic development of the future poet, teaching him to sincerely express human feelings and reveal his soul. This subsequently evolved into the signature style of “lyric writing.”
School
In the fall of 1910, 10-year-old Mikhail entered the elementary zemstvo school, located only half a kilometer from his native village. Since by that time he had already read and written, he was immediately accepted into the second grade. He graduated from it in the spring of 1913 with excellent honors. But a year before that, he wrote several poems, two of which - “M.V. Lomonosov" and "Saint" were read to him at the final exam, where they were very warmly received.
Two years later, in the fall of 1915, Mikhail entered the Voronin private gymnasium in Smolensk, where he continued his poetic experiments. This did not find support from his current teachers, but did not discourage him from composing. In 1917, he transferred to the Elninsky gymnasium, which was located closer to home. However, Mikhail was unable to continue his studies due to the poverty of his family. At this point, his education was interrupted forever, since subsequently, due to an eye disease, he could not continue systematic studies.
CONTINUED BELOW
Great October Socialist Revolution
Mikhail Isakovsky accepted the revolution of October 1917 as a “living beloved being,” even devoting several lines to it. In the fall of 1918, he became a member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), and a few months later he became the editor of the district newspaper in Yelnya. In fact, there was no newspaper, but in two years Isakovsky managed to create it through hard work. He had to work literally alone; he was the author of all published material. Moreover, the newspaper was printed by hand. Severe work over several years led to progressive eye disease.
In 1921, the party transferred Isakovsky to Smolensk to work for the provincial newspaper “Rabochy Put”, where he worked for the next 10 years. The first collections of the poet’s poems were published here, which became evidence of the emergence of new Soviet poetry. Publications printed in small editions were distributed free of charge as a means of communist propaganda and agitation. In 1926, Mikhail Isakovsky was elected secretary of the board of the Smolensk branch of RAPP (Russian Association of Proletarian Writers).
In Moscow
In 1931, Mikhail was appointed editor of the Kolkhoznik magazine, published in Moscow by the Peasant Newspaper. However, just a year later this publication was closed, and a few years later it was re-created, but Maxim Gorky became its director. In the new “Kolkhoznik” the poet Mikhail Isakovsky worked as a correspondent.
War
Mikhail Vasilyevich Isakovsky provided invaluable assistance during the Great Patriotic War. It was his poems and songs that awakened a sense of courage among the soldiers, increased their love for the Motherland, and also conveyed their withering hatred of the fascist invaders. The poet's lyrical works in those terrible years became a chronicle of the war, presented in poetic form. They soulfully describe the harsh everyday life at the front, the heroic deeds and feelings of ordinary people, which made it possible to reveal the comprehensive nature of the war for their Motherland.
After the war
After the war, Mikhail Vasilyevich became a deputy of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR four times. The country highly appreciated the poet's contribution to the formation of the Soviet state, awarding him the title of Hero of Socialist Labor and making him a twice laureate of state prizes. He became one of the few Soviet citizens who managed to visit capitalist countries several times in the late 50s and 60s. However, seriously deteriorating health did not allow him to continue active political activity. But he did not allow himself to abandon the most important thing in his life - creativity.
Mikhail Vasilyevich Isakovsky a brief biography of the Russian poet is presented in this article.
Mikhail Isakovsky short biography
Mikhail Vasilyevich was born on January 19, 1900 in the village of Glotovka (Elninsky district, Smolensk province) to a peasant family. The local priest taught the boy to write and read. He studied at the gymnasium for only two years. His first poem, entitled “A Soldier’s Request,” was published in 1914 on the pages of the Moscow newspaper Nov.” In general, Isakovsky published many collections of poetry during his creative life. In Smolensk in 1921, 3 small books by the poet were published.
Actually, the poet himself considers the start of his activity as a writer to be 1924, when such poems as “Native”, “Pastors” were published. In Moscow in 1927 the book “Wires in Straw” was published, in 1930 – the collection “Province”, in 1931 – the collection “Masters of the Earth”, in 1936 – the collection “Four Desires”.
The works of Mikhail Isakovsky written about the Great Patriotic War are especially distinguished. Many poems were set to music, they even became folk songs, gaining popularity all over the world. These are works by Mikhail Isakovsky - “And who knows”, “Katyusha”, “Ogonyok”, “In the forest near the front”, “Enemies burned their own hut”, “Migratory birds are flying”, “Everything froze again until dawn”, “Oh , my fogs..."
His poems have been translated into Ukrainian, Belarusian and Hungarian languages. He himself highly appreciated Isakovsky’s talent.
In addition to poetry, Mikhail Vasilyevich worked on theoretical works on literature. His most successful book is “On Poetic Craft,” in which he set out a kind of guide for young poets on how to write.
Mikhail Vasilievich Isakovsky was born January 7 (19), 1900 in the village of Glotovka, Elninsky district, now Vskhodsky district, Smolensk region, in a peasant family.
Graduated from elementary school. Extreme need forced him to leave the 6th grade of the gymnasium. In 1919 becomes editor of the newspaper in Yelnya. In 1921 moves to Smolensk and for 10 years collaborates in the editorial office of the regional newspaper “Rabochy Put”. In 1931 Isakovsky moves to Moscow. By this time he was already a famous poet.
Even in his childhood, Isakovsky began to write poetry ( in 1914 published the poem “A Soldier’s Request” in the Moscow newspaper Nov. In 1921 3 small books of Isakovsky’s poems (“By the Steps of Time,” “Ups,” “Four Hundred Millions”) were published in Smolensk. However, the poet considered the beginning of his literary activity 1924 , when the poems “Podpaski”, “Native”, etc. were published. In 1927 The book “Wires in Straw” was published in Moscow. Then the collections “Province” appeared ( 1930 ), "Masters of the Earth" ( 1931 ), "Four Wishes" ( 1936 ) and others. Isakovsky’s poetry is dedicated to the Russian village.
All-Russian fame was brought to Isakovsky by his songs, which he began to write. from mid 30's(“Farewell”, “Farewell”, “And who knows”, “Katyusha”, “A border guard was coming home from service”, “On the mountain - white and white”, etc.).
The Great Patriotic War occupies a large place in Isakovsky’s poetry. The poet glorifies the exploits of Russian soldiers, the heroism of workers in the rear; in his poems the voice of ordinary people can be heard (“To a Russian Woman”, “A Word about Russia”, etc.). The poet created many songs during the Great Patriotic War: “Goodbye, cities and huts”, “In the front-line forest”, “Oh, my mists...”, “Spark”, “Where are you, where are you, brown eyes”, “There is no better flower”, etc. The poet continues to work successfully in this genre in the post-war years (“Hear me, good one,” “Everything froze again until dawn,” “Migratory birds are flying,” etc.). Set to music by composers V.G. Zakharov, M.I. Blanter and others, Isakovsky’s songs are sung all over the world.
The strength of Isakovsky’s poetry lies in its closeness to life. The poet always writes out of deep spiritual need. Therefore, political themes are expressed in his poems lyrically and excitedly. In the words of A. Tvardovsky, Isakovsky “... found for the pressing political, often directly propaganda theme, means of expression that are lyrical, sincere, and that dispose the hearts to what is being discussed in the work.” In its form and language, Isakovsky’s poetry is distinguished by clarity and nationality. Complex metaphors and comparisons, sophisticated rhythms and meters are alien to her. Isakovsky skillfully uses the riches of the Russian language, its ability to convey any shades of feelings and thoughts. Many lines of Isakovsky’s poems and songs have become everyday expressions.
A distinctive feature of Isakovsky's poetry is its songfulness and musicality. Almost every poem has an internal melody that corresponds to the feelings and thoughts that the poet expresses. Isakovsky’s work develops the fruitful traditions of Russian classics. Isakovsky’s poems are closely connected with oral folk art, with folk lyrical songs, with ditties. Isakovsky uses the features of folklore, its traditional dimensions, symbolism, methods of psychological parallelism, compositional repetitions, etc. Like folk songs, Isakovsky’s songs are plot-based. Isakovsky was twice awarded the Stalin Prize: in 1943- for the lyrics of the songs: “A border guard was coming home from service”, “Seeing off”, “And who knows”, “Katyusha”, etc., in 1949- for the collection “Poems and Songs”.
In addition to numerous collections of poetry, he published the book “On Poetic Mastery.” He devoted a lot of time to the transcription and processing of ancient songs and fairy tales, and is known for his translations from Ukrainian, Belarusian and other languages. In particular, he translated the works of Taras Shevchenko “Katerina”, “Gogol” and other Belarusian poets: Yanka Kupala “And who goes there?”, “The Eternal Song”, “To Nobody”, “Above the River Aresa”, “The Boy and the Pilot” ( the last poem was loved by Yuri Gagarin), Yakub Kolas “Symon the Musician”, Arkady Kuleshov “Banner of the Brigade” (from Isakovsky’s translation into Serbo-Croatian language Kuleshov’s poem was translated by the Montenegrin poet Rodovan Zogovich and it became popular among the Yugoslav partisans), Adam Rusak “Be healthy"; Serbian folk songs. Autobiographical book “On Elninskaya land” ( 1969 ).
Mikhail Vasilyevich was involved in political activities - he was a deputy of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of four convocations.
The poet Mikhail Isakovsky was born in the village of Glotovka at the very beginning of the 20th century, in January 1900. How could a boy from a simple and poor family become a famous poet? Did he manage to realize all his creative ideas? What kind of person was the writer Mikhail - in this article.
The poet's childhood
Mikhail Vasilyevich’s parents were very poor people, and at the same time the Isakovsky family had many children. Unfortunately, due to hunger, not all the children were able to survive, but Mikhail was lucky; as they say, the family suffered greatly from hunger. There wasn’t enough money all the time, and little Misha’s childhood memories were far from the brightest.
His father worked at the post office and often brought newspapers from work, which helped his little son learn to read and write. Thus, the future poet became the only literate person in the entire district. People from neighboring villages began to contact him so that he could write letters to their relatives. Undoubtedly, the boy was very flattered by this, and his desire to learn grew every day. While writing letters, the boy learned what thoughts and feelings people have for each other while at a distance, who has what problems and experiences. This helped him learn, he learned to express his thoughts regarding human relationships.
Poetic talent was observed in the boy from early childhood, and this ability to empathize subsequently resulted in Mikhail Isakovsky developing the genre of so-called lyric writing in his work.
Such a desirable education
From early childhood, the poet was diagnosed with a very serious incurable eye disease. And from the age of thirteen, his vision began to deteriorate greatly, which constantly threatened complete blindness. This disease made the boy very modest and shy. He managed to go to school at the age of 11, but they made fun of him in class, and he began to study at home, supervised by teachers. Making great progress, Mikhail Isakovsky delighted his parents and teachers.
In 1913, the boy graduated from school with excellent marks and was able to continue his studies at the Smolensk gymnasium. There he wrote one of his best poems - “The Traveler” (1916). Unfortunately, the poet had to quit studying at the gymnasium because the family was in dire need. He had to go to work to help feed his family.
Alas, he was unable to continue his education in educational institutions, due to his eye disease. But Mikhail Isakovsky until the end of his life was engaged in self-education, read a lot and, of course, wrote poetry.
Labor activity of the poet
During the October Revolution, the poet began his even without a specialized education, he was invited to work as a teacher in an elementary school, where he proved himself to be a talented teacher.
The year 1918 turns out to be very important for the poet - he joins the All-Union Bolshevik Communist Party. From that moment on, he begins to write a lot.
A year later, he was appointed editor of the Elninskaya newspaper, which he himself created from scratch. Of course, I also had to write myself; I simply couldn’t get a typewriter. Undoubtedly, such painstaking work worsened his already poor eyesight.
In 1926, Mikhail Isakovsky was elected secretary of the board of RAPP. Now he is published more often in newspapers.
Five years later, in 1931, Mikhail Vasilyevich moved to Moscow to become editor-in-chief of the then popular magazine “Collective Farmer”.
His activities proceeded very rapidly, he was engaged in journalistic work, was a member of parties, and created his own works.
In the 50s and 60s he visited abroad several times. In other words, he was very active at a fairly mature age.
Not an easy creative path
At the age of 12, his first famous poems were written: “Lomonosov” and “The Path”.
In the 30s, the poet gained wide popularity thanks to the songs “Katyusha”, “It’s better than the color that doesn’t exist”, “Brown Eyes”.
He could not participate in hostilities due to health reasons, but he morally supported everyone who was at the front, dedicating a number of poems to them: “In the forest near the front”, “Goodbye, cities and huts”.
The post-war poem “The Enemies Burned Their Home”, written by Isakovsky, was banned for a long time. It was believed that a soldier cannot cry, but must heroically endure all difficulties. But still, after some time, the poem was published, and the words were set to music, despite the ban.
The language of Mikhail Vasilyevich’s poetry is very musical, understandable to the people, and clear. He was loved by many for his ability to accurately and succinctly express human feelings and empathize with everyone.
At the end of life
In his last years, the poet was engaged in active parliamentary activities, and also enjoyed prose - he wrote the “Yelninskaya Book”.
In 1971, he became seriously ill and suffered a complex heart attack. While in the hospital, he learns that his friend, poet and writer Tvardovsky, is there with him. But they cannot come and visit each other - everyone’s health is too weak. And after Tvardovsky’s death in December of the same year, Isakovsky falls into deep depression, grieving for his comrade.
On July 20, 1973, Mikhail Vasilievich Isakovsky dies.
The poet’s biography, so rich and difficult, forces us, readers, to take an example from this strong man. The film “Brilliant Primitive” was made about him as a famous poet of the 20th century. The mystery of Isakovsky."
The poet was buried there. A monument was erected to him there.
