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Namaz in Tatar for beginner women. Obligatory prayers: features and order of performance by men. Places where it is forbidden to pray

How women pray

Namaz is the order of Allah Almighty. In the Holy Quran, more than a hundred times, it is reminded of the obligatory nature of prayer. The Qur'an and hadith-sharifs say that prayer is obligatory for Muslims who have intelligence and have come of age. Surah verses 17 and 18 Room» « Praise God in the evening and in the morning. Praise be to Him in heaven and on earth, at nightfall and at noon". Sura " Bakara» 239 ayat « Fulfill sacred prayers, the middle prayer” (i.e. do not interrupt prayers). The tafsirs of the Qur'an say that the verses, which deal with remembrance and praise, are reminiscent of prayers. In verse 114 of Surah Hood” says: “Perform prayer at the beginning and end of the day and at nightfall, because good deeds drive away evil ones. This is a reminder for those who reflect."

Our Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wassalam) said: “Allah Almighty has made the daily prayer five times fard for his slaves. For a correctly performed ablution, a hand (bow from the waist), and a sajdah (bow to the earth), during prayer, Allah Almighty gives forgiveness and rewards enlightenment.

Five daily prayers, including 40 rak'ahs. 17 of them are in the category of farz. 3 wajibs. 20 rakah sunnah.

1-Morning prayer: (Salat-ul Fajr) 4 rak'ahs. The first 2 rak'ahs are Sunnah. Then 2 rak'ahs of farza. 2 rak'ahs of the sunnah of the morning prayer are very important. There are scholars who say that they are wajib.

2-Midday prayer. (Salat-ul zuhr) Consists of 10 rak'ahs. First, 4 rak'ahs of the first sunnah are performed, then 4 rak'ahs of the farza, and 2 rak'ahs of the sunnah.

3-Evening prayer (Ikindi, salat-ul Asr). There are 8 rak'ahs in total. First, 4 rak'ahs of the sunnah are performed, after, 4 rak'ahs of the farza.

4-Evening Prayer (Aksham, salat-ul Maghrib). 5 rak'ahs. The first 3 rak'ahs are fard, then we perform 2 rak'ahs of the sunnah.

5-Night prayer (Yatsy, salat-ul Isha). Consists of 13 rak'ahs. First, 4 rak'ahs of the sunnah are performed. Behind him are 4 rak'ahs of farza. Then 2 rak'ahs of Sunnah. And finally, 3 rak'ahs of Witr prayer.

Sunnats of evening and night prayers from the category Gayr-i muakkada. This means: at the first seat, after Attahiyata, are read Allahumma sally, Allahumma barik and all dua. Then we get up on the third rak'ah, read "Subhanaka ..". The first sunnah of midday prayer is " Muakkada". Or a strong sunnah, for which a lot of sawab is given. It is read in the same way as farzes, in the first seat, immediately after reading the attahiyat, you need to get up to start the third rak'ah. Having risen to our feet, we continue the prayer, starting with bismillah, and al-Fatiha.

For example, the sunnah of the morning prayer is read like this:

1. Intention (Niyat) 2. introductory (iftitah) takbir A woman should be covered from head to toe so that the figure is not outlined. Only the face and palms remain open. He does not raise his hands to his ears like men. The hands are raised to the level of the breasts, the intention is made, the takbir is done, the hands are placed on the chest. Prayer starts. Skip through the heart" I intend, for the sake of Allah, to perform 2 rak'ahs of the Sunnah of today's morning prayer, towards the Qibla". Then the takbir is pronounced " Allahu Akbar”, Women folding their hands, do not clasp the fingers of their right hand on the wrist of their left, but put their hands on their chest, placing the palm of their right hand on the left hand. Putting his hands on his chest.
Qiyam, standing in prayer. Without looking away from the place where the forehead is applied during sujud, a) read " Subhanaka..", b) after " auzu.., bismillah..» read Fatih. c) after Fatihi, without a bismill, a short sura (zamm-i sura) is read, for example, the sura “ Phil».
3. RUKU'U After zamm-i sura, saying " Allahu Akbar» make a ruku. Women lean less than men. The knees are slightly bent. The fingers do not clasp (as in men) the knees. Open palms are placed on top of the knees. Say three times Subhana Rabbiyal Azim". Pronounced five or seven times.
Get up with the words Sami'allahu Estuary HamidahRabbana lakal hamd". Standing thereafter is called " kauma».
4. Prostration (sujud) Allahu AkbarSubhana Rabbiyal a'la».
With words " Allahu Akbar"legs folded at the knees are directed to the right of themselves. The palms rest on the hips, fingers in a free position.
AllahuakbarSubhana Rabbiyal a'la". (Sitting between sujuds is called " jalse»).
The second ra'kat is performed in the same way as the first. In Sujud say at least three times " Subhana Rabbiyal-a'la"and with the words" Allahu Akbar" stand up on feet. When standing up, do not push off the ground, and do not move your legs. From the floor is taken away first: Forehead, then nose, first left, then right hands, then the left knee is taken away, then the right. Standing on his feet after the bismillah, the Fatiha is read, then the zamm-i sura.
After with " Allahu Akbar» is performed by ruku. During the ruku, it will lean forward slightly. Without taking your eyes off your feet, say three times " Subhana Rabbiyal Azim».
Get up with the words Sami'allahu Estuary Hamidah”, eyes look at the place of sujud. When fully extended, say " Rabbana lakal hamd».
Bow to the earth (sujud) Without stopping on your feet, go to sujud with the words " Allahu Akbar". At the same time, put in order: a) The right knee, then the left, the right palm, then the left, then the nose and forehead. b) The toes are bent towards the Qibla. c) The head is placed between the hands. d) The fingers are clenched. e) All parts of the body are pressed against each other and to the floor. e) In this position, at least three times are pronounced “ Subhana Rabbiyal a'la».
With words " Allahu Akbar"legs folded at the knees are directed to the right of themselves. The palms rest on the hips, fingers in a free position. (Sitting between sujuds is called " jalse»).
After a short sitting with the words " Allahuakbar”, go for the second sujud. In this position, at least three times is pronounced " Subhana Rabbiyal a'la».
5. Tahiyyat (TASHAHHUD) Women, when sitting (tashahudde), legs folded at the knees, are directed back to their right. The fingers on the knees are pressed to each other. In this provision, read in sequence " Attahiyat», « Allahumma barik.." And " Rabbana atina..»
After reading " Attahiyata», « Allahumma barik.." And " Rabbana atina..”, a greeting (salaam) is given first to the right“, then to the left“ Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah»

After salam, it is pronounced " Allahhumma anthassalam wa minkassalam tabarakta ya zal jalali wal ikram". Next, you need to get up and, without uttering a word, begin the obligatory (fard) morning prayer. (Because the conversations between the sunnah and the farz, although they do not violate the prayer, but reduce the number of sawabs). This time, you will need to make an intention for two rak'ahs of the morning prayer: "I intend, for the sake of Allah, to make 2 rak'ahs of today's morning prayer, which is obligatory for me, towards Qibla".

After prayer, say three times " Astagfirullah", then read " Ayatul Kursi"(255 verses of the surah" Bakara”), then read 33 tasbih ( Subhanallah), 33 times tahmid ( Alhamdulillah), 33 times takbir ( Allahu Akbar). Then read " La ilaha illalah wahdahu la sharkalyah, lyakhul mulku wa lyahul hamdu wa hua ala kulli shayin qadir". All this is spoken softly. Say them loudly bid'at.

Then dua is made. To do this, men stretch their arms to chest level, arms should not be bent at the elbows. Just as for prayer, the Qibla is the Ka'ba, for the dua, the Qibla is the sky. After the dua, the ayat is read " Subhanarabbika..” and palms are held across the face.

In four ra'kat sunnats or farzes, you need to get up after the second rak'ah by reading " attahiyyat". In the sunnah prayer, in the third and fourth rak'ahs, the sub-surah is read after the Fatiha. In obligatory (farz) prayers in the third and fourth rak'ahs, the zamm-i sura is not read. It also reads " Maghreb"namaz, in the third rak'ah, the deputy and sura is not read. In the morning prayer, in all three rak'ahs, after the Fatiha, a sub-surah is read. Then the takbir is pronounced, and the hands rise to the level of the ears, and are placed back below the navel, then the dua is read “ Kunut". In the sunnats, those who are gair muakkada (sunna asr and the first sunna of ishaa prayers) in the first seat after Attahiyat also read “ Allahumma Sally.." And " ..barik..»

How is the prayer of women different from the prayer of men

The difference is in the following terms:

1- When entering into prayer, women raise their hands to shoulder level. Then, folding their hands, they do not clasp the fingers of the right hand around the wrist of the left, but put their hands on the chest, placing the palm of the right hand on the left hand.

2- Not move the legs together when moving to the position of the waist bow (rukuu). For ruku, they bend less, slightly bending their knees and Not aligning the back and head in a horizontal position. Palms just put on your knees Not wrapping their fingers around them.

3- When bowing to the ground (sujud), they put their hands on the floor along with the elbows and closer to the stomach. The whole body is pressed to the hips and to the floor.

4- When sitting (tashahudde), the legs folded at the knees are directed back to the right of oneself. The fingers on the knees are pressed to each other.

5- When referring to the Almighty Allah (prayer, dua), join the open palms together and hold them in an inclined position opposite the face.

7- They do not read the prayer out loud. On holidays, after the obligatory (fard) prayers, Tashrik Takbirs are pronounced quietly, to themselves.

[« Hashyatu ala-d-Durru-l-Mukhtar", "Raddu'l-Mukhtar...»].

What you need to learn in order to start praying

To do this, you need to learn and pronounce from memory in the following sequence:

[ATTENTION! When writing Arabic words and religious terms, as well as prayers and verses, the letters of the Russian alphabet are used. The transliteration used gives only an approximate reading of Arabic words, but does not reflect the phonetics Arabic. For correct pronunciation, you need to seek help from an Arabic teacher, and if this is not possible, use audio or video materials].

After pronouncing the introductory takbir (Allahu Akbar), you need to say:

1) “Subhanaka…”: "Subhanaka Allahumma wa bihamdika wa tabarakasmuka wa Taala jadduka wa la ilaha gairuk"

(Glory to You my Allah and praise to You, and blessed be Your name, and there is no other god but You!).

2) “A’uzu… Bismil-Lah…”: “A’uzubil Lahi minnash-shaitanir-rajim. BismilLahi-r-Rahmani-r-Rahim!”

(I resort to the protection of Allah from the accursed (stoned) shaitan. In the name of Allah, the Merciful, the Merciful!).

3) Sura No. 1 - “ Fatih»:

“AlhamdulilLakhi Rabbi-l-‘alamieen! Ar-Rahmani-r-Rahim! Maliki yawvmiddin. Iyyaka na "I will wa iyaka nasta" in. Ihdi-on-with-Syrat-al-mustaqim. Syrat-al-lyazina an ‘amta ‘alaihim. Gayri-l-magdubi ‘aleihim wa lyaddaaa-liiin.

(Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds! Merciful, Merciful, King on the Day of Judgment. We worship You and ask You to help! erring ones).

4) Another short sura or any three verses of similar magnitude.

For example, short suras:

a) "Inna a" secret kel-kausar. Fasally whether Rabbika vanhar. Inna shaniaka huva-l-abtar. "

Verily, We have given you abundant! Pray to your Lord and kill! After all, your hater is stubby (a tailless sheep; a man without offspring (Sura 108 - “Kausar”).

b) “Kul Huvallahu ahad. Allahu Samad. Lam yalid wa lam yulad, wa lam yakullahu kufuvan ahad.”

Say: “He is Allah – one, Allah is eternal; begotten and was not begotten, and no one was equal to Him! (Sura 112 - “Ihlyas).

It is also necessary to memorize and say in prayer from memory:

1. With the Belt Bow (Ruku'u), say three times: "Subhana Rabbi-al-Azym" - (Glory to my Great Lord!).

2. When bowing to the Earth (sujud), say three times: "Subhana Rabbi-al-A" laa "- (Glory to the Lord my Highest!).

3. When sitting in prayer:

a) "At-Tahiyyatu ...": “At-tahiyyatu lil-lahi vassalyavatu wattaibat. As-salamu ‘alayke ayyuhanabiya wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh. Assalamu alayna wa alaaa ‘ybadiLlahi-s-salihiin. Ashhadu allaaa ilaha illallah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abdu-Khu wa rasulukh "

Greetings to Allah and prayers and best words. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and mercy and blessings of Allah. Peace be upon us and the righteous servants of Allah! I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and His messenger).

b) "Allahumma sally...": "Allahumma sally 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala ali Muhammad kema sallyaita 'ala Ibrahima wa 'ala ali Ibrahima innaka Hamidun, Majid"- (O Allah! Bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. Truly You are Worthy, Glorious!).

c) “Allahumma barik…”: “Allahumma barik ‘ala Muhammadin wa ‘ala ali Muhammad kema barakta ‘ala Ibrahima wa ‘ala ali Ibrahima innaka Hamidun Majid”- (O Allah! Give blessings to Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You gave blessings to Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. Truly You are Worthy, Glorious!).

d) "Rabbanaa atinaa ...": “Rabbanaa atinaa fiddunyaa hasanatan wa fi-l-akhirati hasanatan va kyna azab-an-nar”- “Our Lord! Grant us goodness both in the near life and in the afterlife, and protect us from the punishment of fire. (2:201)

e) “Rabbanagfirli…”: "Rabbanagfirli wa livalidayya wa lil mu'minina yauma yakumul-hisaab".- (Our Lord, forgive us on the Day of Judgment. Also forgive my mother, my father and all believers).

f) “As-salamu ‘alaikum wa rahmatullah” – (Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah)

A hadith from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: "The Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) began the prayer after the introductory takbir with this doxology:" Subhanaka ... ".

[Tirmizi - Salat 179 (243); Abu Dawud - Salat 122 (776); Ibnu Maja - Ikamati-s-Salyat 1 (804)].

In a hadith from Ibnu Mas "ud it is transmitted:" The Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) ordered us: "If any of you bows from the waist (ruku'u), let him say three times:" Subhana Rabbi al-Azym ". And this is the smallest amount.When performing the Earth Bow (sujud), let him also say three times: "Subhana Rabbi-al-A" la. And that's just the smallest amount."

[Abu Dawud - Salat 154 (886); Tirmidhi - Salat 194 (261)].

The correct performance of the daily five times prayer is a condition for accepting the worship of the believer and receiving a reward from the Almighty. At the same time, in Islam, some concessions are provided for women in prayer.

On the Internet, you can find many sites and personal pages of Muslims teaching namaz. Some of them erroneously claim that there are no differences between men and women, except in the nuances of covering the awrah. This statement is only partly true, because in general, everyone performs the same rite of worship (it is described in detail), they read suras from the Koran, the same prayers inside the prayer and at its completion, the order of actions in such elements as qiyam (standing) are the same , rukug (bow from the waist) and sujud (sajda, prostration). However, there are differences between genders. This is explained by the wisdom of our Creator, who took into account the male and female essence.

Main differences

As you know, all women in Islam are primarily prescribed modesty. And this is especially noticeable in prayer.

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) paid attention to the differences in the postures of brothers and sisters in faith during the prayer-salat, justifying this by the fact that a woman should perform the elements of worship more restrained, as Imam Baykhaki says in the work “Sunan al-Kubra": "All the rules of prayer, in which a woman differs from a man, are based on the principle of satr (concealment). This means that a woman should perform the prayer movements in such a way as to hide herself as much as possible.

Based on this, women not allowed to read aloud verses from the Koran, duas, azkars and everything that is read aloud during certain prayers. They do not make a call to prayer (azan), they do not say kamat (ikamat).

Woman in takbir raises arms only to shoulder level and put it on his chest. Thus, it covers this part of the body. According to Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, a Muslim woman should only raise her hands a little. There is also an opinion that she should not raise them at all.

While standing in qiyam, she must not spread elbows- it is supposed to press them to the body as much as possible, and you should also not spread your legs wide apart. According to the Hanafi madhhab, the distance between the feet is approximately equal to the width of four fingers.

In a waist bow (ruku’) woman should not arch your back and straighten it, bending as low as men. fair sex it is prescribed only to lean forward slightly, while slightly bending the knees. This is done for the same purpose of maintaining modesty.

Bowing to the ground, like standing, implies maximum compactness. The woman presses her elbows to the body and to the floor, and the stomach to the hips. This posture allows you not to expose your body parts during prayer. For men, it is advisable to slightly spread their arms and leave such a distance between the thigh and the body so that the lamb can crawl through:

“When you go to sajda, then press a part of the flesh (body, torso, for example, elbows) to the ground, because a woman in this (i.e. prostration) is not like a man” (hadith narrated by al-Bayhaqi).

It is also necessary to focus on sitting between rak'ahs - tashahhud, when the prayer "at-tahiyat" is read and at the end of the prayer. If men sit on the left leg, and the right foot rests on the toe, then the female sex is prescribed to sit on the left buttock and place both legs on the right without arching the feet (more-in video). Sitting in prayer in this position allows a woman to hide her body to the greatest extent. All the founders of the Sunni madhhabs confirm this difference. In particular, Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal said: “In my opinion, for our sisters, “sadl” (putting both feet to the right side) is much better.”

In order to save a woman, she is recommended pray at home and not in the mosque. After all, even attending the collective holiday prayers and the Friday sermon is only a duty for men. In Islamic doctrine, a man receives a greater reward when performing prayer with a jamaat, especially in a mosque. For women, the reward increases when she reads a prayer at home, since the main purpose of a woman is to preserve the family hearth.

It should also be borne in mind that, unlike men, for Muslim women indulgences during haida periods () and nifasa(postpartum hemorrhage). These days it is not allowed to pray, fast and read the Koran. However, if the missed days of uraza in Ramadan should be made up within a year before the next month of fasting, then prayers are no longer re-read, and there will be no sin for this. This is another Grace of the Almighty, which allows women to leave prayer due to physiological reasons, because during this period the body weakens, and someone painfully endures the entire period.

Reading a collective prayer by women

The attitude in Islam towards a woman who becomes an imam in prayer is not reprehensible, and at the same time it is not approved. She is forbidden to lead a male jamaat. There are some other features that differ from the male collective prayer:

1) The imam woman does not move forward from the row of other Muslim women (for men, the imam stands in front and the first row of worshipers stands behind him).

2) If a woman who has assumed the role of imam makes a mistake in prayer, she is signaled by patting her right hand on the back of her left hand. In men, in similar cases, they say: "SubhanAllah."

3) The female gender is advised to confine itself to pronouncing "Iqamah" to itself. It is forbidden to read the azan aloud, even if the call to prayer is carried out in the presence of only women and even if it is done in a whisper or very quietly. This is condemned in Islam for women, unlike men, who should call for prayer with a loud and beautiful voice.

4) Reading the festive collective prayer for women is not forbidden, however, according to the faqihs, it is best if she does not go to the mosque, but performs a gayet-namaz (id-namaz) within the walls of the house. It is narrated in the hadith:

“Young girls who have not yet married, women who live behind the curtain in their homes, and women who have menstruation, let them go out of their homes, let them be witnesses of the blessings and prayers of believers. But let women who are menstruating stand apart from people who read prayers ”(narrated by Imam Bukhari).

5) It is allowed to read the collective Friday prayer for female representatives, but this is also not obligatory. A Muslim woman can perform the usual noon prayer at home, unlike men who are required to go to the mosque on Fridays for zuhr prayer.

On this you can view and download, as well as print the schedule of prayers in the cities of Russia.

For many years now, many books have been published aimed at ensuring that every woman understands how to learn how to pray. After all, this type of worship is of great value for every Muslim.

How to learn from scratch to do namaz correctly?

Namaz is nothing more than a daily prayer, which consists of rak'ahs - certain actions and phrases, alternating one after another.

It is known that it is important to repeat this prayer cycle 5 times a day. First of all, it should be remembered that prayer should not be started without covering the entire body. In addition, it should be opaque and in no case tight-fitting. It is better that there is no varnish on the nails. After all, because of him, the water does not wash the whole body. When making movements, it is necessary to raise the arms low, press the elbows to the body, and also during the bow, the stomach should be pressed to the hips.

Morning prayer is performed by turning towards the house of Allah. Prayer should begin with the words "Allah Akbar." The next step - the left hand is covered with the right with the phrase "Protect me, Allah, from curses." It is important not to forget to read the surah Al-Fatiha, a surah from the Koran. This stage is completed by "Allah Akbar". Next, you should straighten up, saying: “Only you, the Almighty, praise”, bow to the ground, repeating three times: “Subhana rabbiyal-alya”.

This concludes the morning prayer. It is important to mention that when discussing how to learn how to pray for a girl, it is important to cleanse your organs before each prayer after defecation.

So, the second prayer, carried out at noon, also consists of 4 rak'ahs. Afternoon, sunset and night prayers include the same rak'ahs. The only thing is that in the last prayer, sitting, reads the prayer "Tahiyat".

It is important to pray on time. If you pray before or after the set time, then the prayer is considered invalid.

Five daily prayers, including 32 rak'ahs. 17 of them are in the category of farz. 3 wajibs. 12 rakah sunnah.

2-Midday prayer. (Salat-ul-Zuhr) Consists of 10 rak'ahs. First, 4 rak'ahs of the first sunnah are performed, then 4 rak'ahs of the farza, and 2 rak'ahs of the sunnah.

3-Evening prayer (Ikindi, salat-ul Asr). Only 4 rak'ahs. 4 rak'ahs of farza are performed.

4-Evening Prayer (Aksham, salat-ul Maghrib). 5 rak'ahs. The first 3 rak'ahs are fard, then we perform 2 rak'ahs of the sunnah.

5-Night prayer (Yatsy, salat-ul Isha). Consists of 9 rak'ahs. First, 4 rak'ahs of farza are performed. Behind him are 2 rak'ahs of the Sunnah. And finally, 3 rak'ahs of Witr prayer.

Sunnats of evening and night prayers from the category Gayr-i muakkada. This means: at the first seat, after Attahiyata, are read Allahumma sally,Allahumma barik and all dua. Then we get up on the third rak'ah, read "Subhanaka..". The first Sunnah of midday prayer is Muakkada". Or a strong sunnah, for which a lot of sawab is given. It is read in the same way as farzes, in the first seat, immediately after reading the attahiyat, you need to get up to start the third rak'ah. Having risen to our feet, we continue the prayer, starting with bismillah, and al-Fatiha.

For example, the sunnah of the morning prayer is read like this:

1 - Accept intention (Niyet)
2 - Introductory (Iftitah) takbir

A woman should be covered from head to toe so that the figure is not outlined. Only the face and palms remain open. He does not raise his hands to his ears like men. The hands are raised to the level of the breasts, the intention is made, the takbir is done, the hands are placed on the chest. Prayer starts. Skip through the heart “I intend, for the sake of Allah, to perform 2 rak'ahs of the Sunnah of today's morning prayer, towards the Qibla.” Then the takbir is pronounced " Allahu Akbar", Women folding their hands, do not clasp the fingers of their right hand on the wrist of their left, but put their hands on their chest, placing the palm of their right hand on the left hand. Putting his hands on his chest.

Qiyam, standing in prayer. Without looking away from the place where the forehead is applied during sujud, a) read "Subhanaka..", b) after "auzu.., bismillah.." read Fatih. c) after Fatihi, without a bismill, a short sura (zamm-i sura) is read, for example, a sura "Phil".

RUKU'U

After zamm-i sura, saying " Allahu Akbar» make a ruku. Women lean less than men. The knees are slightly bent. The fingers do not clasp (as in men) the knees. Open palms are placed on top of the knees.

Say three times Subhana Rabbiyal Azim". Pronounced five or seven times.

Get up with words "Sami'allahu Estuary Hamidah" Rabbana Lakal Hamd. Standing thereafter is called "kauma".

Bow to the earth (sujud)

"Allahu Akbar". At the same time, put in order: a) The right knee, then the left, the right palm, then the left, then the nose and forehead. b) The toes are bent towards the Qibla. c) The head is placed between the hands. d) The fingers are clenched. e) All parts of the body are pressed against each other and to the floor. e) In this position, at least three times are pronounced "Subhana Rabbiyal a'la".

With words "Allahu Akbar" legs folded at the knees are directed to the right of themselves. The palms rest on the hips, fingers in a free position.

"Allahakbar""Subhana Rabbiyal a'la". (Seating between sujuds is called "jalse").

The second ra'kat is performed in the same way as the first.

In sujud, say at least three times "Subhana Rabbiyal-a'la" and with words "Allahu Akbar" stand up on feet. When standing up, do not push off the ground, and do not move your legs. From the floor is taken away first: Forehead, then nose, first left, then right hands, then the left knee is taken away, then the right.

Standing on his feet after the bismillah, the Fatiha is read, then the zamm-i sura.

After with "Allahu Akbar" is done ruku. During the ruku, it will lean forward slightly. Without taking your eyes off your feet, say three times " Subhana Rabbiyal Azim».

Get up with words "Sami'allahu Estuary Hamidah", eyes look at the place of sujud. When fully extended, say Rabbana Lakal Hamd.

Bow to the earth (sujud)

Without stopping on your feet, go to sujud with words "Allahu Akbar" At the same time, put in order: a) The right knee, then the left, the right palm, then the left, then the nose and forehead. b) The toes are bent towards the Qibla. c) The head is placed between the hands. d) The fingers are clenched. e) All parts of the body are pressed against each other and to the floor. e) In this position, at least three times are pronounced "Subhana Rabbiyal a'la".

With words "Allahu Akbar" legs folded at the knees are directed to the right of themselves. The palms rest on the hips, fingers in a free position. (Seating between sujuds is called "jalse")

After a short sitting with words "Allahakbar", go for the second sujud. In this position, at least three times is pronounced "Subhana Rabbiyal a'la".

AT-Tahiyyat(TASHAHHUD)

Women, when sitting (tashahudde), legs folded at the knees, are directed back to their right. The fingers on the knees are pressed to each other.

After reading "Attahiyata", "Allahumma barik .." And "Rabbana Atina ..", greeting (salaam) is given first to the right "Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah" then left "Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah"

After salam, it is pronounced "Allahumma antassalam wa minkassalam tabaraqta ya zal jalali wal ikram". Next, you need to get up and, without uttering a word, begin the obligatory (fard) morning prayer. (Because the conversations between the sunnah and the farz, although they do not violate the prayer, but reduce the number of sawabs). This time, you will need to make an intention for two rak'ahs of the morning prayer: "I intend, for the sake of Allah, to make 2 rak'ahs of today's morning prayer, which is obligatory for me, towards Qibla."

After prayer, say three times "Astaghfirullah" then read "Ayatul-Kursi"(255 verses of the Surah " Bakara”), then read 33 tasbih ( Subhanallah), 33 times tahmid ( Alhamdulillah), 33 times takbir ( Allahu Akbar). Then read “La ilaha illalah wahdahu la shikalyakh, lyakhul mulku wa lyakhul hamdu wa hua ala kulli shayin kadir”. All this is spoken softly. Say them loudly bid'at.

Then dua is made. To do this, men stretch their arms to chest level, arms should not be bent at the elbows. Just as for prayer, the Qibla is the Ka'ba, for the dua, the Qibla is the sky. After the dua, the verse is read "Subhanarabbika.." and palms are held across the face.

In four ra'kat sunnats or farzes, you need to get up after the second rak'ah by reading "attahiyat". In the sunnah prayer, in the third and fourth rak'ahs, the sub-surah is read after the Fatiha. In obligatory (farz) prayers in the third and fourth rak'ahs, the zamm-i sura is not read. It also reads "Maghrib" prayer, in the third rak'ah, the deputy and the sura are not read. In the morning prayer, in all three rak'ahs, after the Fatiha, a sub-surah is read. Then the takbir is pronounced, and the hands rise to the level of the ears, and are placed back below the navel, then the dua is read "Kunut". In the sunnats, those who are gair muakkada (sunna asr and the first sunna of ishaa prayers) in the first seat after Attahiyat are also read "Allahumma sally.." And "..barik.."

How is the prayer of women different from the prayer of men

The difference is in the following terms:

2- Not move the legs together when moving to the position of the waist bow (rukuu). For ruku, they bend less, slightly bending their knees and Not aligning the back and head in a horizontal position. Palms just put on your knees Not wrapping their fingers around them.

3- When bowing to the ground (sujud), they put their hands on the floor along with the elbows and closer to the stomach. The whole body is pressed to the hips and to the floor.

4- When sitting (tashahudde), the legs folded at the knees are directed back to the right of oneself. The fingers on the knees are pressed to each other.

5- When referring to the Almighty Allah (prayer, dua), join the open palms together and hold them in an inclined position opposite the face.

7- They do not read the prayer out loud. On holidays, after the obligatory (fard) prayers, Tashrik Takbirs are pronounced quietly, to themselves.

["Hashiyatu ala-d-Durru-l-Mukhtar", "Raddu'l-Mukhtar ... "].

What you need to learn in order to start praying

To do this, you need to learn and pronounce from memory in the following sequence:

[¹WARNING! When writing Arabic words and religious terms, as well as prayers and verses, the letters of the Russian alphabet are used. The transliteration used gives only an approximate reading of the Arabic words, but does not reflect the phonetics of the Arabic language. For correct pronunciation, you need to seek help from an Arabic teacher, and if this is not possible, use audio or video materials].

After pronouncing the introductory takbir (Allahu Akbar), you need to say:

1 ) « Subhanaka... ": [i] - "Subhanaka Allahhumma wa bihamdika wa tabarakasmuka wa Taala jadduka wa la ilaha gairuk" - (Glory to You my Allah and praise to You, and blessed be Your name, and there is no other god but You!).

2 ) « A'uzu…BismilLah…»:

“A’uzubil Lahi minnash-shaitanir-rajim. BismilLahi-r-Rahmani-r-Rahim!” —

(I resort to the protection of Allah from the accursed (stoned) shaitan. In the name of Allah, the Merciful, the Merciful!).

3 ) Sura No. 1 - “ Fatih»:

“AlhamdulilLakhi Rabbi-l-‘alamieen! Ar-Rahmani-r-Rahim! Maliki yawvmiddin. Iyyaka na'budu wa iyyaka nasta'in. Ihdi-on-with-Syrat-al-mustaqim. Syrat-al-lyazina an ‘amta ‘alaihim. Gairi-l-magdubi ‘aleihim wa lyaddaaa-liiin ".

- (Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds! Gracious, Merciful, King on the Day of Judgment. We worship You and ask You to help! not deluded).

4) Another short sura or any three verses of similar magnitude.

For example, short suras:

a) “Inna a’tayna kel-kausar. Fasalli li rabbika vanhar. Inna shaniaka huva-l-abtar". Verily, We have given you abundant! Pray to your Lord and kill! After all, your hater is stubby (a tailless sheep; a man without offspring (Sura 108 - “Kausar”).

b) “Kul Huvallahu ahad. Allahu Samad. Lam yalid wa lam yulyad, wa lam yakullahu kufuvan ahad". - Say: “He is Allah – one, Allah is eternal; begotten and was not begotten, and no one was equal to Him! (Sura 112 - "Ihlyas").

It is also necessary to memorize and say in prayer from memory:

With the Belt Bow (Ruku’u), say three times: “Subhana Rabbi-al-Azym” -

(Glory to my Lord the Great!).

When bowing to the Earth (sujud), say three times: “Subhana Rabbi-al-A’laa” -

(Glory to my Lord the Highest!).

When sitting in prayer:

A) « At-Tahiyyatu... "-" At-tahiyyatu lil-Lahi vassalyavatu vattaibat. As-salamu ‘alayke ayyuhanabiya wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh. Assalamu alayna wa alaaa ‘ybadiLlahi-s-salihiin. Ashhadu allaaa ilaha illallah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan 'abdu-Khu wa rasuluh ”- (Greetings to Allah and prayers and the best words. Peace be upon you, o prophet and mercy and blessings of Allah. Peace be upon us and the righteous servants of Allah! I testify that there is no god but of Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger).

b) « Allahumma sally…»:

“Allahumma sally ‘ala Muhammadin wa ‘ala ali Muhammad kema sallaita ‘ala Ibrahima wa ‘ala ali Ibrahima innaka Hamidun, Majid” -

- (O Allah! Bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. Truly You are Worthy, Glorious!).

V) « Allahumma barik…»:

“Allahumma barik ‘ala Muhammadin wa ‘ala ali Muhammad kema barakta ‘ala Ibrahima wa ‘ala ali Ibrahima innaka Hamidun Majid” -

(O Allah! Give blessings to Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You gave blessings to Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. Truly You are Worthy, Glorious!).

G) « Rabbanaa atinaa …»:

“Rabbanaa atinaa fiddunyaa hasanatan wa fi-l-akhirati hasanatan va kyna azab-an-nar” - “Our Lord! Grant us goodness both in the near life and in the afterlife, and protect us from the punishment of fire. (2:201)

d) « Rabbanaghfirli…»

"Rabbanagfirli wa livalidayya wa lil mu'minina yauma yakumul-hisaab".

- (Our Lord, forgive us on the Day of Judgment. Also forgive my mother, my father and all believers).

f) “As-salamu ‘alaikum wa rahmatullah”- (Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah)

[i] A hadith from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: “The Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) began the prayer after the introductory takbir with this doxology: “Subhanaka ...”.

[Tirmizi - Salat 179 (243); Abu Dawud - Salat 122 (776); Ibnu Maja - Ikamati-s-Salyat 1 (804)].

In a hadith from Ibnu Mas'ud it is transmitted: “The Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) ordered us:“ If any of you makes a Bow (ruku’u), let him say three times: “Subhana Rabbi al-Azeem.” And this is the smallest amount. When performing the Earth Bow (sujud), let him also say three times: “Subhana Rabbi-al-A’la.” And this is also the smallest amount.

[Abu Dawud - Salat 154 (886); Tirmidhi - Salat 194 (261)]

The order of midday prayer

Midday prayer consists of four rak'ahs (cycles). It is done as follows:

1. Having previously fulfilled all the conditions necessary for the start of prayer, stand facing the revered Kaaba, discarding all extraneous thoughts. Turn your heart and attention to Allah, thinking of His Majesty, Mercy and love for His creatures, knowing that He is watching over you. In this case, the legs should be shoulder-width apart, the feet on the same line, the arms are lowered, the gaze is directed to the place where the forehead touches when bowing to the ground.

During the entire prayer, women need to show composure of the body: their legs should be together, their hands should be pressed to the body;

2. Intention.

Starting prayer Necessarily make an intention with your heart to perform the appropriate prayer. Do it at the same time as saying takbira, that is, the words "Allahu Akbar" for entry into prayer. For example: “I intend to perform the obligatory (fard) noon prayer for the sake of Allah”. That is, you must mentally express the intention to perform namaz, indicate in it that you are performing an obligatory (farz) prayer, and what kind of prayer (morning, noon or afternoon, etc.). It is advisable to indicate in the intention whether it is timely prayer or reimbursable, as well as the number of rak'ahs. It should be remembered that prayer is performed only for the sake of Allah.

However, before takbir, first saying the intention aloud is sunnah, and this is done in order to make it easier to focus on it mentally.

3. Saying the takbir.

Necessarily stand to say the introductory takbir:

اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ

"Allahu Akbar" (Allah is great). After pronouncing it, you are already in prayer. Takbir and subsequent verbal arcana and prayers should be pronounced so that you yourself can hear the reading, observing, as expected, all the rules of reading and pronouncing letters without distortion, without adding or subtracting a single letter. All prayers must be read only on the exhale.

When pronouncing takbir, it is recommended to raise your hands so that the thumbs are at the level of the earlobes, the palms are directed forward, the remaining fingers are slightly bent and also directed forward.
Women also raise their hands in the same way.

4. Standing.

Necessarily stand when performing ritual prayer, if a person can. In this case, it is recommended to fold your hands below the chest and above the navel so that the right palm is on the wrist of the left hand and holds it.

5. Reading Surah Al-Fatiha(of the first sura of the Qur'an).

Necessarily reading Surah Al-Fatiha so that they themselves can hear the reading, observing all the rules of reading (tajweed) and the sequence of verses and pronouncing the letters without distortion. The correct reading of Surah Al-Fatiha must be learned directly from the lips of a competent teacher and this should be done without delay.

If someone cannot read the surah Al-Fatiha correctly, then he should read any verses of the Holy Quran, the number of letters in which in total is equivalent to the number of letters in the surah Al-Fatiha (156 letters). If a person knows one or more verses from Surah Al-Fatiha (Basmala is also an ayat of Surah Al-Fatiha), he can repeat them as many times to get the same number of letters as in Surah Al-Fatiha ". If a person cannot read anything from the Qur'an, he should read the words of the remembrance of Allah (zikr):

سُبْحانَ اللهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلهِ وَلآ إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ واَللهُ اَكْبَرُ

“Subhanallahi, wal-hamdulillahi, wala ilyaha illallahu wallahu akbar”
(Allah is pure from all shortcomings, praise and glory to Allah, there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah, Allah is Great).

The prayer says these words so many times that there are at least as many letters as in Surah Al-Fatiha. For example, it is enough to say the words "Allahu Akbar" twenty times. If a person cannot read either the Al-Fatiha surah, or anything else from the Koran, cannot read the dhikr (for example, a person who has just accepted the faith), then he stands silently for as long as it takes a moderate reading of the surah " Al-Fatiha.

آمينَ يا رَبَّ الْعالَمينَ

“Amin, I am Rabbaal-‘alyamin”

(O Allah - Lord of the worlds, fulfill my request!).

It is also advisable to read at least one or three verses from the Qur'an in the first and second rak'ahs after Surah Al-Fatiha. Before reading Surah Al-Fatiha in the first rak'ah, it is recommended to read the prayer "Iftitah" (See Annex 5) and then "Isti'az".

6. Belt bow(hand ‘).

After reading Surah Al-Fatiha Necessarily make a waist bow so that the palms of both hands rest on the cups of the knees. In this case, the elbows are slightly retracted to the sides, the back, neck and head are on the same straight line. In this position, it is necessary to linger at rest for a while(at least for a time sufficient to pronounce "Subhanallah"). This delay is called "fog". It should be noted that bowing, like all other subsequent actions of prayer, should not be performed for any other purpose than to perform an element of prayer. It is recommended that when performing a waist bow, raise your hands to the level of your ears in the same way as when entering prayer, and say: “Allahu Akbar.” Also, during the waist bow, it is advisable to say three times:

سُبْحانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظيمِ وَبِحَمْدِه

“Subhana Rabbiyal-‘azimi wa bihamdihi”

(My Great Lord is above all faults, praise be to Him).

7. Straightening(i‘tidal).

Necessarily return after a waist bow to the starting position "standing" and linger in this position for a while (fog). It is recommended during straightening to raise your hands to the level of your ears, as before, and say:

سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ

"Sami'allahu firth hamidah"

(Allah accepts the praises of the one who praises Him), stretching the pronunciation for the entire period of straightening. After you have finally straightened up, it is advisable to say:

رَبَّنا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ

"Rabbana lakal-hamd"

(O our Lord! Praise be to Thee!).

8. Prostration(sujud).

Then Necessarily make a bow to the ground, pressing his forehead to the floor (rug). To do this, first kneel down, then lean forward, rest with both hands on the floor and touch the floor with your forehead. Part of both knees, part of the palms of both hands, the lower part of the toes (while the fingers are pointing towards the Qibla) and part of the forehead (the nose also touches the floor) should touch the floor. At the same time, the weight of the head presses on the forehead. Stay in this position for a while, during which it is recommended to say three times:

سُبْحانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلى وَبِحَمْدِه

"Subhana Rabbiyal-a'la wa bihamdihi"

(My Great Lord is above all faults, praise be to Him).

It is also recommended to say “Allahu Akbar” before performing the earthly bow. When bowing to the ground, it is desirable that the hands be at shoulder level, the fingers are slightly pressed against each other and directed towards the Kaaba. For men, it is recommended that when bowing to the ground, the elbows be laid to the sides and raised from the floor, the stomach does not touch the hips. Women, when bowing to the ground and waist, keep their elbows pressed to the body, and when bowing to the ground, the elbows are also raised from the floor, but the stomach touches the hips.

There should be no barriers between the forehead and the place where it rests, for example, hair, a hat or a scarf, at least part of the forehead should touch the floor directly.

9. Sitting between two prostrations.

Necessarily after bowing to the ground, sit down, while straightening the torso, and stay in this position for a while. Rising from the bow of the earth, it is advisable to say "Allahu Akbar". While in a sitting position, it is recommended to say:

رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لي وَارْحَمْني وَاجْبُرْني وَارْفَعْني وَارْزُقْني وَاهْدِني وَعافِني

“Rabbagfir li, varhamni, wajburni, varfa‘ni, varzukni, vahdini, va ‘afini.”

(O my Lord! Give me forgiveness, have mercy on me, help me, raise my degree, grant me food, lead me further on the true path and protect me from diseases).

When sitting, it is recommended to tuck the left leg under you so that the foot is under the buttocks, while the right foot is located vertically on the floor and rests on the fingers directed forward towards the Qibla, as in prostration. This way of sitting is called "Iftirash". It is recommended to put your hands on your knees while sitting, fingers pointing towards the Kaaba.

10. Required execute second earthly bow. It is performed in the same way as the first one. At the same time, bending down and rising, pronounce the takbir. With the performance of the second earthly bow, the first rak'ah (cycle) of prayer ends..

11. After that Necessarily need to get up in full growth for execution second rak'ah. To do this, first take the “sitting on your knees” position, then, resting your hands on the floor, palms down, stand up to your full height and take the “standing” position, as at the beginning of the previous rak'ah. During the ascent, it is recommended to say "Allahu Akbar". Repeat after that all points from 5 to 10. This ends the second rak'ah..

12. After the second prostration of the second rak'ah (in prayers consisting of 3 or 4 rak'ahs), it is recommended to sit down and read "Tashahhud"(its other name is "At-Tahiyyat", and after him "Salavat" Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). It is advisable to sit in the iftirash position (see paragraph 9). If necessary, you can sit on both crossed feet.

It is recommended to keep both hands on your knees. The fingers of the left hand lie on the left knee and are directed towards the Kaaba, the fingers of the right hand lie on the right knee, except for the index, which rises slightly when pronouncing "illallah" (in "Tashahhud") and remains in this position until the end of the seat. At the same time, the gaze from the place where the forehead touches is directed to the rising index finger, even if you cannot see it due to darkness or for another reason. The raised finger is slightly bent, the middle and ring fingers and the little finger of the right hand are slightly clenched into a fist, and the thumb is slightly pressed against the index finger.

13. Then Necessarily necessary get up and perform the next two rak'ahs in the same way as described in paragraphs 5 - 11. Getting up on the third rak'ah, it is recommended to raise your hands to the level of your ears, while saying "Allahu Akbar." However, you should not raise your hands before the fourth rak'ah.

14. After performing the second sujud in the last rak'ah Necessarily sit down, read "Tashahhud" and "Salavat". Hands are recommended to be held as indicated in paragraph 12. The index finger rises slightly when pronouncing "illallah" and remains in this position until the end of the prayer. It is recommended to sit on the floor, bending the left leg and putting it under the right leg, which remains in the same position as when bowing to the ground. (fig.9). This way of sitting is called "tavarruk".
However, after “Tashahhud” it is recommended to read “as-Salat al-Ibrahimiyya” in full, then it is advisable to pronounce the dua. You can also read this famous dua:

اَللّهُمَّ إِنّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذابِ جَهَنَّمَ وَمِنْ عَذابِ الْقَبْرِ وَمِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيا وَالْمَماتِ وَمِنْ شَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسيحِ الدَّجّالِ

"Allahumma inni a'u h u bik min 'a h abi jahannam wa min'a h abil-kabri wa min fitnatil-mahya wal-mamati wa min sharri fitnatil-masihi-ddajjali."

(O Allah! I seek help and salvation from You from the torments of Hell, and from the torments of the grave, from the delusions of life and death, and from the evil of confusion of the false messiah Dajjal).

15. Final salam.

At the end of the prayer Necessarily pronounce "As-Salamu' alaikum", but it is recommended to say:

اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ

"As-Salamu ‘alaykum wa rahmatullah" turning his head first to the right, then to the left. With these words, the noon prayer ends.

The order of performance of the afternoon and night prayers

Afternoon and night prayers are performed in the same way as midday. The intention should indicate that the obligatory afternoon (or night) prayer is being performed. In the first two rak'ahs of the night prayer, men are advised to read a short sura aloud after the Al-Fatiha surah. This is also allowed for women if there are no strangers nearby.

The procedure for performing the evening prayer

The three rak'ahs of the evening prayer are performed in the same way as the first three rak'ahs of the night prayer, but with the intention of fulfilling the obligatory evening prayer. After the second sujud, the third rak'ah is performed paragraphs 14 and 15.

The order of the morning prayer

The two rak'ahs of the morning prayer are performed in the same way as the first two rak'ahs of the night prayer, but with the intention of fulfilling the obligatory morning prayer.

After the second sujud of the second rak'ah, perform paragraphs 14 and 15. Also after saying "Rabbana lakal-hamd", straightening up after a waist bow (in I'tidal) second rak'ah, it is recommended to read the dua "Kunut".

"It was narrated by Imams an-Nawawi and Ibn Hibban that once a man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked:" O Messenger of Allah! Verily, I cannot learn to read the Qur'an. Teach me what will replace the reading of the Qur'an " The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: “Say: subhanallahi, wal-hamdulillahi, wala ilyaha illallahu wallahu akbar, wala hawlya walya kuvvata illya billahil-'aliyyil-'azim.”
"In another saying, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:" If you can read the Qur'an, then read it.

"When reading "Salavat" in the "Tashahhud" of obligatory prayers, the word "sallim" is not pronounced. "Tashahhud" is read without this word."

“After saying “Salam” and turning your head to the right, it is advisable to mentally greet all the believers (people, angels and jinn) who are on your right side. Then, in the same way, turn your head to the left and say “Salam”, while mentally making the intention to greet everyone believers on your left."