Geographic location of the Pacific Ocean. Geographic location of the Pacific Ocean. The most curious of them
Geographical position
Describe the GP of the Pacific Ocean according to the plan: .
1. The area of the ocean and its place among other oceans.
2. The location of the ocean relative to the equator, the tropics (polar circles), the zero and 180th meridian.
3. Extreme points of the ocean, coordinates. Length in degrees and kilometers from north to south and from west to east.
4. What continents is washed by the ocean.
5. Location in the hemispheres and climatic zones.
6. Oceans, seas that are part of the ocean
7. Location relative to the continents and other oceans.
8. Ocean currents.
SIZE Square with seas 178.620 million km², volume 710 million km³, average depth 3980 m, maximum 11022 m. The Pacific Ocean occupies half of the entire water surface of the Earth, and more than thirty percent of the planet's surface area.
Name Its original name is "Great", and it was given by the Spaniard Vasco Nunez de Balboa who, exploring the New World, September 30th 1513 crossed the Isthmus of Panama from north to south. Magellan discovered the Pacific Ocean in the autumn of 1520 and called the ocean the Pacific Ocean, "because, as one of the participants reports, during the passage from Tierra del Fuego to the Philippine Islands, more than three months, we never experienced the slightest storm."
In 1534, on the instructions of the Spanish king Carlos V, the discoverer of the Pacific Ocean, the Castilian hidalgo don Vasco Nunez de Balboa, made the first topographical studies for the construction of a canal through the Panama
Map - path Vasco Nunez Balboa, Central America, 1513.
Sea Composition: Beringovo , Okhotsk , Japanese , East China , yellow , South China , Javanese , Sulawesi , Sulu , Philippine , coral , Fiji , Tasmanovo and other seas Amundsen , Bellingshausen , Ross now included in South ocean. By the number (about 10 thousand) and the total area of the islands (about 3.6 million km²), the Pacific Ocean ranks among oceans first place. In the northern part - Aleutian; in the western Kuril , Sakhalin , Japanese , Philippine , Large And Small Sunda , New Guinea , New Zealand , Tasmania; in the central and southern - numerous small islands. Mark the islands and seas of the Pacific Ocean on the map.
Bottom relief
The bottom relief is varied. In the east - East Pacific Rise, in the central part there are many basins (North-Eastern, North-Western, Central, Eastern, Southern, etc.), deep-sea trenches: in the north - Aleutian, Kuril-Kamchatsky, Izu-Boninsky;
in the West - marian(with maximum depth
the World Ocean - 11,022 m), Philippine and others;
in the east - Central American, Peruvian
and others. 
currents
The main surface currents: in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean - warm Kuroshio, North Pacific and Alaska and cold California and Kuril; in the southern part - warm South Trade Winds and East Australian and cold West Winds and Peruvian. The temperature of the water at the surface equator from 26 to 29 ° C, in the subpolar regions to -0.5 ° C. Salinity 30-36.5‰.
Mark the currents of the Pacific Ocean on a contour map. 
Flora and fauna of the Pacific Ocean
Economic importance
The Pacific Ocean accounts for about half of the world's fish catch ( pollock , herring , salmon , cod , sea bass and etc.). Mining crabs , shrimp , oysters .
Important sea and air communications between the countries of the Pacific basin and transit routes between countries run through the Pacific Ocean. Atlantic And Indian oceans. Large ports : Vladivostok , Nakhodka (Russia), Shanghai (China), Singapore(Singapore), Sydney (Australia), Vancouver (
A. strong dissection in the west and east
b. strong dissection in the west and weak in the east
V. weak dissection in the west and strong in the east
G. weak dissection in the west and east
The widest part of the Pacific Ocean is located at ... latitudes
A. equatorial and tropical
b. tropical and temperate
V. temperate and arctic
d. arctic and antarctic
The most specific type of water movement in the Pacific Ocean is ...
A. ocean currents
b. wind waves
V. tsunami
ebb and flow
An analogue of the Gulf Stream (Atlantic Ocean) in the Pacific Ocean is the current ...
A. Western winds
b. Kuroshio
V. North Pacific
california
Ice in the Pacific Ocean is found mainly in its ... parts A. northern and central b. central and southern
V. southern and northern
The most diverse organic world in the Pacific Ocean is characterized by waters ...
A. equatorial and tropical latitudes
b. tropical and temperate latitudes c. temperate and arctic latitudes d. arctic and antarctic latitudes
The first European to see the waters of the Pacific Ocean...
A. Magellan
b. Balboa
V. Drake Tasman
If you are copying content from this page!
To avoid misunderstandings, read the rules for using and copying materials from the site www.ecosystem.ruPhysical geography of continents and oceans
PACIFIC OCEAN: GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION
Great, or Pacific, ocean - greatest ocean of the earth. It accounts for about half (49%) of the area and more than half (53%) of the volume of the waters of the World Ocean, and the surface area is equal to almost a third of the entire surface of the Earth as a whole. In terms of the number (about 10 thousand) and the total area (more than 3.5 million km 2) of islands, it ranks first among the rest of the oceans of the Earth.
Pacific Ocean to the northwest and west limited coasts of Eurasia and Australia, in the northeast and east - the coasts of North and South America. The border with the Arctic Ocean is drawn through the Bering Strait along the Arctic Circle. The southern border of the Pacific Ocean (as well as the Atlantic and Indian) is considered the northern coast of Antarctica. When identifying the Southern (Antarctic) Ocean, its northern boundary is drawn along the waters of the World Ocean, depending on the change in the regime of surface waters from temperate latitudes to Antarctic ones. It runs approximately between 48 and 60°S. ( rice. 3).
Rice. 3. The boundaries of the oceans
Borders with other oceans south of Australia and South America are also conditionally drawn along the water surface: with the Indian Ocean - from Cape South East Point at about 147 ° E, with the Atlantic Ocean - from Cape Horn to the Antarctic Peninsula. In addition to a wide connection with other oceans in the south, there is communication between the Pacific and the northern part of the Indian Ocean through the interisland seas and the straits of the Sunda archipelago.
Square The Pacific Ocean from the Bering Strait to the coast of Antarctica is 178 million km 2, the volume of water is 710 million km 3.
Northern and western (Eurasian) coasts of the Pacific Ocean dismembered seas (there are more than 20 of them), bays and straits that separate large peninsulas, islands and entire archipelagos of continental and volcanic origin. The coasts of Eastern Australia, the southern part of North America and especially South America are usually straight and difficult to access from the ocean. With a huge surface area and linear dimensions (more than 19 thousand km from west to east and about 16 thousand km from north to south), the Pacific Ocean is characterized by a weak development of the continental margin (only 10% of the bottom area) and a relatively small number of shelf seas.
Within the intertropical space, the Pacific Ocean is characterized by accumulations of volcanic and coral islands.
- Pacific Ocean
- Indian Ocean
- Ocean floor, mid-ocean ridges and transition zones
- Atlantic Ocean
- Ocean floor, Mid-Atlantic Ridge and transition zones
- Arctic Ocean
- Ocean floor, mid-ocean ridges and transition zone
Look nature photography various continents and countries of the world (with geographical and biological semantic captions for photographs) can be in sections.
The Pacific Ocean is the very embodiment of the sea element on our luxurious planet. This huge natural formation creates the weather of all continents to a greater or lesser extent. Its waves are beautiful in their power and indomitability.
As we probably already know, the Pacific is the largest ocean on the planet. Its name was obtained as a result of the incredible luck of that team of sailors, to whom it seemed peaceful and calm. The second, often found - Great. And this is true.
The faces of this element are multifaceted. The science of geography has collected over the centuries a mass of data that the Pacific Ocean has revealed to researchers. Geographical position, area, communication with other oceans of the Earth, washed continents - all this interests us in the framework of this travel article.
"The Most-Most" Pacific Ocean
In addition to the most interesting history of obtaining its name by the ocean in question, it has earned a number of "very-most" distinctions. They relate mainly to its geographical features. But just in terms of peace and tranquility, the opposite is true - this ocean is the most stormy and unpredictable. Now consider the geographical location and area of the Pacific Ocean.
As we have already mentioned, the Pacific Ocean is the largest in terms of area among all the oceans. It is 178.7 million km 2. In addition, it is the deepest. Within its limits is the Mariana Trench, the depth of which is more than 11 kilometers below sea level!
The vast size of the ocean contributed to his other records. On the surface of the water, it is the warmest of all. With hurricanes and tsunamis, its expanses are the richest. The highest waves were also recorded in the Pacific Ocean.
Position relative to the equator
As we know, one of the basic characteristics of the geographical position of objects is their location relative to the Earth's equator. We will also consider the geographical position of the Pacific Ocean relative to the equator.
So, the object of our consideration extends both in the north and in the south. A somewhat larger part of it, nevertheless, belongs to the south.
Length
As for the outlines of the ocean, here it is distinguished by elongation from the northwest to the southeast. At its widest point from west to east, it has 19 thousand kilometers, from north to south - 16 thousand. The huge size contributed to the diversity of conditions within its limits. According to many criteria, he was lucky to become the "most-most", according to others - the only one.
In order to realize the impressiveness of the expanses of the Pacific Ocean on a planetary scale, we will give such a comparison. The territory of all taken together will be smaller than this ocean. The width of the expanses of the Pacific Ocean in tropical latitudes has contributed to the fact that it is the second warmest (in the first place - Indian).
One can only be surprised at the diversity of natural conditions within the Pacific expanses. The Pacific Ocean opened up to us a little more: the geographical position and features of the territory.
Washed continents
The waters of the Pacific Ocean wash all the continents of the planet except Africa. That is, Asia, Australia, North and South America, as well as Antarctica have access to its stormy waves. By the way, the influence of the cold fronts of the latter through the Pacific Ocean spreads almost all over the Earth.
But because communication with the cold Arctic Ocean is cut off by land, the Pacific Ocean does not receive cold air masses. As a result, the southern part of the ocean is colder than the northern.
Communication with the rest of the oceans
There is much less doubt about the boundaries of the land than there is with the oceans. The boundaries of the communicating oceans of the Earth are very conditional. The Pacific Ocean, the geographical position of which we are considering, has the same feature.
Thus, it is most clearly possible to determine the dividing line between the Pacific and the Arctic: it is Alaska. Communication with the Atlantic occurs through a very wide Drake Strait.
The borders of the Pacific and Indian oceans are conditional. Between the continents of Australia and Antarctica, they pass along the meridian, starting from Cape South on the island of Tasmania.
The nature of the boundaries
In geographical research, we are also interested in the nature of the coastline of that part of the land on which the ocean borders.
So, on the eastern side, the coastlines are simple, not so indented by inflows of water, the territories are less saturated with island massifs. The western part, on the contrary: there are many islands and archipelagos, seas, peninsular parts of the land.
Even the nature of the bottom in the western part is appropriate: with strong differences in depths.
Separately, one can consider such a question as the geographical position of the seas of the Pacific Ocean. As we said, there are more of them in the western part. By their type, these are adjacent to Eurasia and Australia. Interisland seas belong to the Australo-Asian group.
Off the coast of Antarctica there are little-known seas: Ross, Bellingshausen and Amundsen.
seismic features
Earth forces are vigorously active in the Pacific Ocean. Its borders are delineated by the "ring of fire" - seismically active zones with many active volcanoes. The area, geographical position of the Pacific Ocean coincided with the mobile tectonic plates of the earth's crust
Due to the high seismic activity of the Pacific Ocean, tsunamis and earthquakes are so frequent here.
Conclusion
In our article, we made an attempt to embark on a short journey through the expanses of the Pacific Ocean - perhaps the most impressive natural formation on the planet. There are so many interesting things among its stormy waters that fantasy itself draws visual pictures.
We have considered briefly, only to the extent that it is possible to interest the reader or satisfy general educational curiosity.
Let's remember the main thing:
- The Pacific Ocean is the largest on the planet: its area is 178.7 million km2.
- For almost every question of the plan, "Which of the oceans is the most ...?" you can answer that Quiet, while justifying your answer. Indeed: almost all the records that can be attributed to the ocean as a natural form have been broken in its expanses.
- The ocean is located on both sides of the Earth's equator, mostly in the southern hemisphere.
- It borders on all the oceans of the planet, as well as on all continents except Africa.
- The most diverse in terms of natural conditions.
- High seismic activity leads to frequent tsunamis and earthquakes.
Such is it, the Great Pacific Ocean, the geographical position of which we have considered. And let, after the new information received, we dream of a warm shore and gentle waves!
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and oldest on our planet. It is so huge that it can easily accommodate all the continents and islands combined, and that is why it is often called the Great. The area of the Pacific Ocean is 178.6 million square meters. km, which corresponds to 1/3 of the surface of the entire globe.
general characteristics
The Pacific Ocean is the most important part of the World Ocean, since it contains 53% of the total volume of its water. It stretches from east to west for 19 thousand kilometers, and from north to south - for 16 thousand. At the same time, most of its waters are located in the southern latitudes, and a smaller part - in the northern ones.
The Pacific Ocean is not only the largest, but also the deepest water basin. The maximum depth of the Pacific Ocean is 10994 m - this is exactly the depth of the famous Mariana Trench. The average figures fluctuate within 4 thousand meters.
Rice. 1. Mariana Trench.
The Pacific Ocean owes its name to the Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan. During his long journey, calm and calm weather reigned in the oceanic expanses, without a single storm and storm.
The bottom relief is very diverse.
Meet here:- basins (Southern, North-Eastern, Eastern, Central);
- deep-sea trenches (Marian, Philippine, Peruvian);
- uplands (East Pacific Rise).
The properties of water are formed by interaction with the atmosphere and are largely subject to change. The salinity of the Pacific Ocean is 30-36.5%.
It depends on the location of the waters:- maximum salinity (35.5-36.5%) is inherent in waters in tropical zones, where a relatively small amount of precipitation is combined with intense evaporation;
- salinity decreases towards the east under the influence of cold currents;
- salinity also decreases under the influence of heavy rainfall, this is especially noticeable at the equator.
Geographical position
The Pacific Ocean is conditionally divided into two regions - southern and northern, the border between which runs along the equator line. Since the ocean is colossal, its boundaries are the coasts of several continents and partially bordering oceans.
In the northern part, the boundary between the Pacific and Arctic Oceans is the line connecting Cape Dezhnev and Cape Prince of Wales.
TOP 2 articleswho read along with this
Rice. 2. Cape Dezhnev.
In the east, the Pacific Ocean borders the coasts of South and North America. A little further south, the boundary between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans extends from Cape Horn to Antarctica.
In the west, the waters of the Pacific Ocean wash Australia and Eurasia, then the border runs along the Bass Strait on the east side, and descends along the meridian south to Antarctica.
Climate features
The climate of the Pacific Ocean is subject to the general latitudinal zonality and the powerful seasonal influence of the Asian continent. Due to the huge occupied area, almost all climatic zones are characteristic of the ocean.
- In the tropical and subtropical zones of the northern hemisphere, the northeast trade winds reign.
- The equatorial zone is characterized by calm weather throughout the year.
- In the tropics and subtropics of the southern hemisphere, the southeast trade wind dominates. In the summer, tropical hurricanes of incredible strength, typhoons, are born in the tropics.
The average air temperature in the equatorial and tropical zones is 25°C. On the surface, the water temperature fluctuates between 25-30 C, while in the polar regions it drops to 0 C.
At the equator, the amount of precipitation reaches 2000 mm, decreasing to 50 mm per year near the coast of South America.
Seas and islands
The coastline of the Pacific Ocean is most indented in the west and least indented in the east. In the north, the Strait of Georgia cuts deep into the mainland. The largest Pacific bays are California, Panama and Alaska.
The total area of the seas, bays and straits belonging to the Pacific Ocean occupies 18% of the total area of the ocean. Most of the seas are located along the coasts of Eurasia (Okhotsk, Bering, Japanese, Yellow, Philippine, East China), along the Australian coast (Solomon, New Guinea, Tasmanovo, Fiji, Coral). The coldest seas are located near Antarctica: Ross, Amundsen, Somov, Durville, Bellingshausen.
Rice. 3. Coral Sea.
All rivers of the Pacific basin are relatively short, but with a rapid flow of water. The largest river flowing into the ocean is the Amur.
There are about 25 thousand large and small islands in the Pacific Ocean, with unique flora and fauna. For the most part, they are located in the equatorial, tropical and subtropical natural complexes.
The large archipelagos of the Pacific Ocean include the Hawaiian Islands, the Philippine Archipelago, Indonesia, and the largest island is New Guinea.
The urgent problem of the Pacific Ocean is the significant pollution of its waters. Industrial waste, oil spills, thoughtless extermination of the inhabitants of the ocean can cause irreparable harm to the Pacific Ocean, breaking the delicate balance of its ecosystem.
What have we learned?
When studying the topic "Pacific Ocean", we got acquainted with a brief description of the ocean, its geographical position. We found out which islands, seas and rivers belong to the Pacific Ocean, what are the features of its climate, got acquainted with the main environmental problems.
Topic quiz
Report Evaluation
Average rating: 4.4. Total ratings received: 233.
The Great, or Pacific, Ocean is the greatest ocean on Earth. It accounts for about half (49%) of the area and more than half (53%) of the volume of the waters of the World Ocean, and the surface area is equal to almost a third of the entire surface of the Earth as a whole. In terms of the number (about 10 thousand) and the total area (more than 3.5 million km2) of islands, it ranks first among the rest of the Earth's oceans.
In the northwest and west, the Pacific Ocean is bounded by the shores of Eurasia and Australia, in the northeast and east by the shores of North and South America. The border with the Arctic Ocean is drawn through the Bering Strait along the Arctic Circle. The southern border of the Pacific Ocean (as well as the Atlantic and Indian) is considered the northern coast of Antarctica. When identifying the Southern (Antarctic) Ocean, its northern boundary is drawn along the waters of the World Ocean, depending on the change in the regime of surface waters from temperate latitudes to Antarctic ones. It runs approximately between 48 and 60°S. (Fig. 3).
Rice. 3. The boundaries of the oceans
Borders with other oceans south of Australia and South America are also conditionally drawn along the water surface: with the Indian Ocean - from Cape South East Point at about 147 ° E, with the Atlantic Ocean - from Cape Horn to the Antarctic Peninsula. In addition to a wide connection with other oceans in the south, there is communication between the Pacific and the northern part of the Indian Ocean through the interisland seas and the straits of the Sunda archipelago.
The area of the Pacific Ocean from the Bering Strait to the coast of Antarctica is 178 million km2, the volume of water is 710 million km3.
The northern and western (Eurasian) shores of the Pacific Ocean are dissected by seas (there are more than 20 of them), bays and straits that separate large peninsulas, islands and entire archipelagos of continental and volcanic origin. The coasts of Eastern Australia, the southern part of North America and especially South America are usually straight and difficult to access from the ocean. With a huge surface area and linear dimensions (more than 19 thousand km from west to east and about 16 thousand km from north to south), the Pacific Ocean is characterized by a weak development of the continental margin (only 10% of the bottom area) and a relatively small number of shelf seas.
Within the intertropical space, the Pacific Ocean is characterized by accumulations of volcanic and coral islands.
