Famusov's attitude to serfdom. A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit". Service attitude

The famous moral and social play in verse "Woe from Wit" by A.S. Griboyedov became an original highly artistic and socially significant work of the first quarter of the 19th century. The author worked on the main work of his life for several years and depicted in it the images and real types of people of that era.

Conflict

In the work “Woe from Wit”, the plot is based on two conflicts: the first is a love conflict, in which the main character Chatsky and Sofya participate, the second is a socio-ideological one, where again Chatsky, the owner himself (Famusov) and his guests, defending outdated conservative views.

Getting down to the topic “Famusov’s attitude to serfdom”, first let’s figure out what kind of person he is, what is his priority. Chatsky will become the main exposer of such pillars of the noble society as Famusov, convinced serfs who are ready to send their serf servants to Siberia for any oversight.

The image of Famusov

Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is the central figure of the play. Turning to the topic “Famusov’s attitude to serfdom”, it should be noted that he is a prominent representative of conservatives who adhere to the philosophical teachings of their ancestors. He calls them "fathers", in turn, these are people who hold high government posts and are wealthy landowners. They always advocate the preservation of autocracy and serfdom. They were never interested in questions of education and freedom. The image of Famusov is a collective image, which represents the ruling class that has power over others.

government man

Famusov himself is also not a poor person and has a fairly high rank of "manager in a government place." The success and promotion of many people largely depends on it. He distributes awards and ranks, draws up patronage for young officials and pensions for retirees. It is quite understandable that people like Famusov will fight to the last to maintain their status and privileges. This hero praises Moscow traditions and customs. He believes that in everything you need to rely on the experience of the "fathers" and learn from the older generation.

Famusov's quotes contain the meaning of "what is honor according to father and son", let him be poor, but if he has a couple of thousand serfs, then he will be considered worthy as a groom.

Excess mind is a vice

Famusov, in his life convictions, calls progressive young free-thinking a vice. He believes that this comes from an excess of intelligence and learning. He has a mundane and worldly idea about the mind. According to his reasoning, a smart one is one who was able to get a good job and make a career for himself at the expense of patrons. For him, scholarship is the same as free-thinking, in which he sees a huge danger to the whole society and state. Famusov's quotes for this occasion are simply amazing: "if evil is to be stopped, all the books would be taken away and burned."

Service attitude

The main theme is service, here everyone dreams of rank and wealth. Famusov treats people like Colonel Skalozub with deep respect. Chatsky, who abandoned the service, considers the person “lost”, “although if he wanted to, he would be businesslike,” Famusov remarks about him. However, the landowner himself treats his duties very dismissively "signed, so off his shoulders."

Famusov's attitude to serfdom

Famusov is a Russian landowner of the 19th century, for whom the possession of serfs seems to be the most natural thing. Chatsky, on the contrary, speaks sharply about serfdom and denounces its supporters in every possible way. He never accepts the fact that serfs can be exchanged for thoroughbred puppies Chatsky opposes the oppression of the people, he is for freedom and equality between people. The landowners live and feast at the expense of their slaves, therefore "they themselves are fat, and their lackeys are skinny."

If we expand further on the topic “Attitude towards serfdom of Famusov”, then the image of Famusov is a tough reactionary-minded bureaucracy, which was the stronghold of the tsarist autocracy. Exposing the reactionary nature of the Famus society, Griboedov wanted to show where the domination of these people leads, how they influence the life of the simple Russian people.

Chatsky's attitude to serfdom is very ambivalent - on the one hand, he quite often talks about the abuse of this regime, but at the same time, there is no complete rejection or protest in his remarks. Since the motive of serfdom itself is not fundamental in the work, the position of our hero is expressed succinctly, however, even in relation to this, one can form his idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthis issue.

At the mention of serfs, Chatsky, as a rule, is indignant. He is sincerely disgusted by the existing reality, however, it is likely that this is because in those days, many young nobles were jarred by rude forms of serfdom. Most of all, the hero is outraged by the fact that the nobility uses the serfs "as they please", they do not consider them to be people, and sometimes even worse than cattle, the opinion of the peasants is absolutely not put into anything, they are deprived of all rights, even elementary human ones.

There are only two quotes by Chatsky in relation to serfdom and the common people, among which one is full of just indignation, and the second is pity. It is impossible not to agree with the hero, because it is rather painful and insulting to see that living people are deprived of the most basic thing that a person can claim - the right to vote and own opinion.

It is worth noting that in the times described by the writer, the peasants were indeed absolutely weak-willed, like puppets in the hands of the landowners and the nobility. Moreover, Chatsky is outraged that animals and people are identical in price, which, in principle, is not correct, they can be exchanged, sold, bought without asking consent.

The hero cannot accept the fact that people can be exchanged for dogs, dogs for people, people for horses, horses again for dogs - in general, that the human mind and human capabilities are not appreciated and a person (even the simplest and uneducated ) is automatically classified as livestock, although we all know that everyone is an individual, a person with uniqueness and higher intelligence.

It is painful for Chatsky to look at the suffering of the serfs, and no matter what drives them - human compassion or just stiff intelligence, one way or another, it is clear to the naked eye that this is sincerely alien to him. However, there is one "But" ... If the hero is really annoyed by the existing injustice, why does he not resort to any activity regarding the protest against serfdom, and expresses only dissatisfaction, but not an open desire to change reality?

It's hard to say... But the fact that Chatsky's attitude to serfdom is negative is undeniable. Another thing is that in his case it is weakly negative and is limited only to lamentation, but by no means to actions and struggle. Perhaps because our hero is just lazy? Who knows…

Option 2

The main character of the analyzed work is Alexander Chatsky. Undertaking the analysis, it will be necessary to focus on such an important issue as the attitude of the hero of the work - Chatsky to serfdom.

Comedy in poems is accusatory in nature, it deals with the most pressing topics for the time in which Griboyedov lived. These are topics about upbringing, education, serfdom, the present century and the past century, about morality, as well as about the social structure. In the analyzed comedy, the whole truth is revealed, all the ins and outs about Moscow society, which had no concept of morality, did not have any moral values ​​at all. This society has always been dominated by a spirit of tension, insincerity, false feelings. Here everything was for sale, friendship and love were sold.

Griboyedov's work is very successful, it scattered into many quotes. "Woe from Wit" is one of the most quoted comedies today. Many statements from it have turned into established expressions, which are an integral part of speech in modern times. It is important to say that at first Griboyedov's work was banned by censorship, because it contained criticism of serfdom.

A significant place in Griboyedov's comedy is occupied by the attitude of the main character - Chatsky to serfdom. In the work, the reader will be able to find a few phrases that show Chatsky's attitude to serfdom. But, despite this, a few statements are quite strong. Chatsky sharply criticizes serfdom and its shortcomings.

Chatsky's quotes well confirm his indignation when it comes to serfs. So, in one of his speeches, Chatsky, using the name Nestor, meaning leader, undoubtedly speaks of the Russian nobility, which keeps the common people in oppression. Ordinary people have no choice, they protect their master, although they could behave in a completely different way. And what does the owner do in response to protection, devotion? No, he does not respond with gratitude, on the contrary: he exchanges ordinary people for dogs! There is no end to the indignation and hatred of the main Chatsky.

All speeches that characterize the attitude of the main character - Chatsky to serfdom, do not carry any specific attacks towards the latter. Not a single quote directly supports the words about the common people. However, despite this fact, Chatsky's quotes undoubtedly do not raise doubts about the hero's opinion in relation to serfdom. The first is hateful, accusatory indignation, the second is empathy, a sense of a lie directed towards the common man.

Composition Chatsky's attitude to serfdom

It must be said right away that there is no clear position on this issue in the work. The question of serfdom is never raised in the text, there is no criticism on this score. It is known that Griboedov himself, even in his life, did not speak publicly on this topic, did not advocate the abolition of serfdom or, conversely, for its strengthening. This is not Nekrasov, not Fonvizin, who criticized the system especially for the attitude of the top of society towards the peasants. Griboedov makes fun of social vices more.

It is possible only by indirect signs to understand the attitude of the protagonist of the work to this then burning issue. It is felt that Chatsky respects the people - working people. One hundred percent, the hero has more respect for them than for the Moscow nobility, which “weaves” flattery and breaks its forehead, bowing to the authorities.

Andrei Chatsky tells Famusov that their society literally makes people laugh. Merchants and businessmen are cowardly in war, but "bravely" make bows. What is left for ordinary people to do when looking at such behavior? Only laugh, but among themselves, of course, because in the hands of those fools power and money.

In the same conversation, Andrei Andreevich indignantly cites the example of a serf-owner-theater. He drove the most beautiful children on wagon trains from all over his possessions in order to dress them up in “Cupids and Zeforov”. At the same time, he tore the unfortunate from their families, subjected them to stress ... But everyone admired the result of his idea - a beautiful performance. The whole capital was having fun! But only no one helped the theatergoer with debts ... And they had to sell those Cupids one at a time. Or another example, when a serf-owner traded his faithful lackeys, who supported him both in trouble and in joy, for greyhounds! It is felt that Chatsky is all disgusting.

The main character characterizes our people as kind and even cheerful. Chatsky complains that due to the abundance of foreign words in the speech of the nobility, ordinary people not only do not understand the "masters", but also consider them almost Germans. The rich try to separate from the people, they treat them like a thing.

Chatsky has a humane approach to this issue. Perhaps neither he nor the author knew how to solve this social problem, but, probably, the whole horror lies precisely in the contemptuous attitude of some people towards others.

Some interesting essays

1) Chatsky 2) Famus societyATTITUDE TO WEALTH, RANKS, CAREER:1) "Ranks are given by people, but people can strip themselves."At first, mockingly, and then angrily, he protests against the equals ruling in society, who demand slavish obedience, hypocrisy and opportunism.2) Famusov: "With me, servants of strangers are very rare; More and more sisters, sister-in-laws, children ... Be poor, but if there are two thousand family members, Tom and the groom."Molchalin: "After all, it is necessary to depend on others. ... We are small in ranks"ATTITUDE TO THE SERVICE:1) "I would be glad to serve, it's sickening to serve ...""When in business, I hide from fun,When I fool around, I fool aroundAnd to mix these two craftsThere are a lot of artisans, I'm not one of them"2) Famusov: "... My custom is this: Signed, so off your shoulders." Molchalin: "Well, really, what would you serve us in Moscow?And take awards and have fun?ATTITUDE TO serfdom:1) Famusov about Chatsky (with horror)"A dangerous man! He wants to preach liberty! Yes, he does not recognize the authorities!"He calls the feudal landlords "noble scoundrels", some of whom "drew on many wagons from mothers and fathers of rejected children to the serf ballet", which were then all "sold out one by one". He dreams of ridding the Russian people of slavery.2) Khlestakov: "Out of boredom, I took with me an Arapka-girl and a dog, - Tell them to feed them, already, my friend .... A handout came from dinner" In this society, a man and a dog have the same value: the landowner changes serfs, who "more than once they saved his life and honor," on three greyhounds.ATTITUDE TO EDUCATION:1) Well educated.famusov about Chatsky"... he is small with a head, and writes gloriously, translate" 2) Khlestakov: "And indeed you will go crazy from these, from some of boarding schools, schools, lyceums ..." Skalozub: "... You won't fool me with learning. .." Famusov: "... Learning is the plague, learning is the reason, What is more now than ever, Crazy divorced people, and deeds, and opinions"HOW HEROES UNDERSTAND THE MIND:1) "There are important people who were reputed to be fools ...... but called by all the world,Especially in recent yearsThat they have become smart, at least where ... "(It is assumed that these lines are dedicated to Alexander 1)The mind in the understanding of Chatsky is enlightenment, advanced views, the desire to seek benefits not for oneself, but for the Fatherland. For Famusov, this is the mind of a rebel, "carbonaria." That is why, in his perception, Chatsky's mind is madness (in their world they are doomed to persecution every independent thought, every sincere feeling). 2) Sophia (about Chatsky) "Will such a mind make a family happy..."the mind in the Famus society is the ability to make a career, achieve a rank, live richly, marry profitably - "reach the known degrees." This is a practical, worldly, dodgy mind.

Answer left Guest

Attitude towards the people and serfdom
Be bad, yes if you get it
Souls of a thousand two generic, -
That and the groom. (Famusov)
Isn't it the one you are to whom I am still from the cradle,
For some incomprehensible intentions,
Did they take the child to bow?
That Nestor of noble villains,
Crowd surrounded by servants;
Zealous, they are in the hours of wine and fight
Both honor and his life saved him more than once: suddenly
He traded three greyhounds for them!! !
Or the one over there, which is for pranks
He drove to the fortress ballet on many wagons
From mothers, fathers of rejected children? !
He himself is immersed in mind in Zephyrs and Cupids,
Made all of Moscow marvel at their beauty!
But the debtors did not agree to the postponement:
Cupids and Zephyrs all
Sold out individually!! ! (Chatsky)
to ideals
famous society
1. The deceased was a respectable chamberlain,
With the key, and he knew how to deliver the key to his son;
Rich, and was married to a rich woman;
Married children, grandchildren;
Died; everyone remembers him sadly.
Kuzma Petrovich! Peace be upon him! -
What aces live and die in Moscow! (Famusov)
2. Would study, looking at the elders:
We, for example, or the dead uncle,
Maxim Petrovich: he is not on silver,
I ate on gold; one hundred people at your service;
All in orders; rode forever in a train:
A century at the court, but at what court!
Then not what it is now
Under the Empress, he served Catherine. (Famusov)
Chatsky
1. To put the mind, hungry for knowledge, into science.
2. 4. Everyone breathes more freely
And not in a hurry to fit into the regiment of jesters.
to the service
famous society
1. Yes! they (papers) were missing.
Pardon that it suddenly fell
Diligence in writing! (Famusov)
2. I'm afraid, sir, I'm deadly alone,
So that many do not accumulate them (cases);
Give free rein to you, it would have settled down;
And I have what's the matter, what's not the case,
My custom is this:
Signed, so off your shoulders. (Famusov)
3. And, most importantly, go and serve. (Famusov to Chatsky)
4. Well, right, what would you like to serve us in Moscow?
And take awards and have fun?
(Molchalin to Chatsky)
5. But I got some new rules firmly.
The rank followed him: he suddenly left the service,
In the village he began to read books.
(puffer about his cousin)
6. I am quite happy in my comrades,
Vacancies are just open:
Then the elders will be turned off by others,
Others, you see, are killed.
(puffer on the reasons for his rapid promotion)
7. As I work and strength,
Ever since I've been listed in the Archives,
Received three awards. (Molchalin)
8. My father bequeathed to me:
First, to please all people without exception -
The owner, where he happens to live,
The boss with whom I will serve,
To his servant who cleans dresses,
Doorman, janitor, to avoid evil,
The janitor's dog, so that it was affectionate.
Chatsky
1. I would be glad to serve, it is sickening to serve.
2. Who serves the cause, not the persons ...
3. Does not serve, that is, he does not find any benefit in that,
But if you want, it would be businesslike.
It's a pity, it's a pity, he's small with a head,
And he writes and translates well.
(Famusov about Chatsky)
4. When in business - I hide from fun,
When I'm fooling around, I'm fooling around;
And to mix these two crafts
There are plenty of artisans, I'm not one of them.
(Chatsky Molchalin about his attitude to business and entertainment)
foreigners and foreign
1. And here from all sides
Anguish, and groaning, and groaning.
Oh! France! There is no better place in the world! -
Two princesses decided, sisters, repeating
A lesson taught to them from childhood.
Where to go from the princesses!
(Chatsky about the attitude of the young generation of representatives of the Famus society towards foreigners)
2. And all the Kuznetsk bridge, and the eternal French,
From there, fashion to us, and authors, and muses:
Destroyers of pockets and hearts!
When the Creator delivers us
From their hats! bonnets! and studs! and pins!
And bookstores and biscuit shops! . (Famusov)
Chatsky
1. As we used to believe from an early time,
That there is no salvation for us without the Germans!
2. Ah! if we were born to adopt everything,
At least we could borrow a few from the Chinese
Wise they have ignorance of foreigners.
Will we ever be resurrected from the foreign power of fashion?
So that our smart, cheerful people
Although the language did not consider us Germans.

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