Dictionary of metaphors. The meaning of the word “Metaphor. Dictionaries of the language of writers and dictionaries of individual works
METAPHOR - a type of trope (see), the use of a word in a figurative meaning; a phrase that characterizes a given phenomenon by transferring to it features inherent in another phenomenon (due to one or another similarity of the related phenomena), something like this. arr. Literary encyclopedia
METAPHOR
METAPHOR
1. The type of trope is a hidden figurative comparison, likening one object or phenomenon to another (for example, the cup of being), as well as generally figurative comparison in different types of arts (special). Symbolic, romantic m. M. in cinema, in painting. Expanded m.
2. In linguistics: figurative use of a word, formation of such a meaning.
Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949-1992 .
Synonyms:
See what "METAPHOR" is in other dictionaries:
Type of trope (see), use of the word in a figurative meaning; a phrase that characterizes a given phenomenon by transferring to it the characteristics inherent in another phenomenon (due to one or another similarity of the related phenomena) to a swarm of so. arr. his… … Literary encyclopedia
- (transfer, Greek) the most extensive form of trope, rhetoric. a figure representing the likening of one concept or representation to another, the transference of significant features or characteristics of the latter to it, its use in... ... Encyclopedia of cultural studies
- (Greek metaphora transfer, meta, and phero I carry). Allegorical expression; trope, which consists in the fact that the name of one concept is transferred to another based on the similarity between them. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language.... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
- (from the Greek metaphora - transfer, image) replacement of an ordinary expression with a figurative one (for example, a ship of the desert); metaphorically - in a figurative sense, figuratively. Philosophical encyclopedic dictionary. 2010. METAPHOR… Philosophical Encyclopedia
Metaphor- METAPHOR (Greek Μεταφορα transference) is a type of trope based on association by similarity or analogy. Thus, old age can be called the evening or autumn of life, since all these three concepts are associated by their common feature of approaching... Dictionary of literary terms
METAPHOR- METAPHOR, metaphorical (Greek metaphorá), type of trope, transfer of the properties of one object (phenomenon or aspect of being) to another, according to the principle of their similarity in some respect or contrast. Unlike comparison, where both terms are present... ... Literary encyclopedic dictionary
metaphor- METAPHOR (from the Greek metaphora transfer) is the central trope of language, a complex figurative semantic structure, representing a special way of cognition, carried out through the generation of images arising as a result of interaction... ... Encyclopedia of Epistemology and Philosophy of Science
Metaphor- Metaphor ♦ Métaphore Stylistic figure. Implicit comparison, the use of one word instead of another based on some analogy or similarity between the things being compared. The number of metaphors is truly endless, but we will only give... ... Philosophical Dictionary of Sponville
Allegory in a figurative sense of what is said. Wed. "Head!" clever (as a container for the mind): this is a metaphor, but the head in the Duma is understood in the sense of the main (from the head) and, sometimes, has nothing in common with the “head” in the first sense. *** Aphorisms. Wed... Michelson's Big Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)
Cm … Synonym dictionary
METAPHOR, metaphors, women. (Greek metaphora) (lit.). Trope, a figure of speech consisting in the use of words and expressions in a figurative sense based on some kind of analogy, similarity, for example. (from Pushkin): talk of waves; snakes of heart remorse. Shiny... ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
Books
- Metaphor as a means of developing the creative abilities of junior schoolchildren, I.V. Yurchenko. The work examines the possibility and feasibility of developing the creative abilities of children of primary school age through metaphor. The scientific results of the study are presented...
Metaphora) (lit.). Trope, a figure of speech consisting of the use of words and expressions in a figurative sense based on some analogy, similarity, for example. (from Pushkin): talk of waves; snakes of heart remorse. Brilliant metaphors. Bad metaphor.
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935-1940.
Synonyms:
See what "METAPHOR" is in other dictionaries:
Type of trope (see), use of the word in a figurative meaning; a phrase that characterizes a given phenomenon by transferring to it the characteristics inherent in another phenomenon (due to one or another similarity of the related phenomena) to a swarm of so. arr. his… … Literary encyclopedia
- (transfer, Greek) the most extensive form of trope, rhetoric. a figure representing the likening of one concept or representation to another, the transference of significant features or characteristics of the latter to it, its use in... ... Encyclopedia of cultural studies
- (Greek metaphora transfer, meta, and phero I carry). Allegorical expression; trope, which consists in the fact that the name of one concept is transferred to another based on the similarity between them. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language.... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
- (from the Greek metaphora - transfer, image) replacement of an ordinary expression with a figurative one (for example, a ship of the desert); metaphorically - in a figurative sense, figuratively. Philosophical encyclopedic dictionary. 2010. METAPHOR… Philosophical Encyclopedia
Metaphor- METAPHOR (Greek Μεταφορα transference) is a type of trope based on association by similarity or analogy. Thus, old age can be called the evening or autumn of life, since all these three concepts are associated by their common feature of approaching... Dictionary of literary terms
METAPHOR- METAPHOR, metaphorical (Greek metaphorá), type of trope, transfer of the properties of one object (phenomenon or aspect of being) to another, according to the principle of their similarity in some respect or contrast. Unlike comparison, where both terms are present... ... Literary encyclopedic dictionary
metaphor- METAPHOR (from the Greek metaphora transfer) is the central trope of language, a complex figurative semantic structure, representing a special way of cognition, carried out through the generation of images arising as a result of interaction... ... Encyclopedia of Epistemology and Philosophy of Science
Metaphor- Metaphor ♦ Métaphore Stylistic figure. Implicit comparison, the use of one word instead of another based on some analogy or similarity between the things being compared. The number of metaphors is truly endless, but we will only give... ... Philosophical Dictionary of Sponville
Allegory in a figurative sense of what is said. Wed. "Head!" clever (as a container for the mind): this is a metaphor, but the head in the Duma is understood in the sense of the main (from the head) and, sometimes, has nothing in common with the “head” in the first sense. *** Aphorisms. Wed... Michelson's Big Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)
Cm … Synonym dictionary
Books
- Metaphor as a means of developing the creative abilities of junior schoolchildren, I.V. Yurchenko. The work examines the possibility and feasibility of developing the creative abilities of children of primary school age through metaphor. The scientific results of the study are presented...
METAPHOR
metaphors, g. (Greek metaphora) (lit.). Trope, a figure of speech consisting in the use of words and expressions in a figurative sense based on some. analogies, similarities, e.g. (from Pushkin): talk of waves; snakes of heart remorse. Brilliant metaphors. Bad metaphor.
Ushakov. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Ushakov. 2012
See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what METAPHOR is in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- METAPHOR in the Dictionary of Analytical Psychology:
(Metaphor; Metapher) - definition and study of one by referring to the image of another; used as a conscious literary or therapeutic device and... - METAPHOR in the Newest Philosophical Dictionary:
- METAPHOR in the Dictionary of Postmodernism:
(Greek metaphora - transfer) - transfer of the properties of one object (phenomenon or facet of existence) to another according to the principle of their similarity in ... - METAPHOR in the Dictionary of Literary Terms:
- (from the Greek metaphora - transfer) - type of trope: figurative knowledge of a word, based on the likening of one object or phenomenon to another; ... - METAPHOR in the Literary Encyclopedia:
type of trope (see), use of the word in a figurative meaning; a phrase that characterizes a given phenomenon by transferring to it the characteristics inherent in ... - METAPHOR in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(from the Greek metaphora - transfer) of a trope, the transfer of the properties of one object (phenomenon) to another based on a characteristic common or similar to ... - METAPHOR in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
(from the Greek metaphora - transfer), 1) a trope based on the principle of similarity. At the heart of M. is the ability of the word to create a peculiar... - METAPHOR in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
Metaphor (Greek Metajora, Lat. Translatio, transference) is a pictorial or figurative expression used not in its proper, but in a figurative sense; represents how... - METAPHOR in the Modern Encyclopedic Dictionary:
- METAPHOR
(from the Greek metaphora - transfer), trope, transfer of the properties of one object (phenomenon) to another according to the principle of similarity, i.e. based on the sign... - METAPHOR in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
y, w. A figure of speech consisting of the use of words and expressions in a figurative sense based on similarity, comparison (for example, by ... - METAPHOR in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, -y, w. 1. Type of trope - hidden figurative comparison, likening one object, phenomenon to another (for example, the cup of being), as well as ... - METAPHOR in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
METAPHOR (from the Greek metaphora - transfer), trope, transfer of the properties of one object (phenomenon) to another based on a characteristic, common or ... - METAPHOR in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron:
(Greek ??????????, Lat. Translatio, “transfer”) ? not in the proper, but in a figurative sense, a pictorial or figurative expression used; represents … - METAPHOR in the Complete Accented Paradigm according to Zaliznyak:
meta"fore, meta"for, meta"for, meta"for, meta"for, meta"for, meta"for, meta"for, meta"for, meta"for, meta"for, meta"for, ... - METAPHOR in the Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(from the Greek metaphora - transfer) - a trope or mechanism of speech, consisting in the use of a word denoting a certain class of objects, phenomena and ... - METAPHOR in the Dictionary of Linguistic Terms:
(Greek metaphora - transfer). The use of a word in a figurative meaning based on the similarity in some respect of two objects or phenomena. ... - METAPHOR in the Popular Explanatory Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Russian Language:
-y, w. A word or expression used in a figurative sense, allegorically based on the actual or imagined similarity of a given object or phenomenon... - METAPHOR in the New Dictionary of Foreign Words:
(gr. metaphora transfer) type of trope: a figure of speech that contains a hidden likening, a figurative convergence of words based on their figurative meaning, for example. ... - METAPHOR in the Dictionary of Foreign Expressions:
[type of trope: a figure of speech that contains a hidden likening, a figurative convergence of words based on their figurative meaning, for example: ... - METAPHOR in Abramov's Dictionary of Synonyms:
cm. … - METAPHOR in the Russian Synonyms dictionary:
personification, transference, prosopopoeia, comparison, ... - METAPHOR in the New Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
and. A figure of speech consisting in the use of words and expressions in a figurative meaning to define an object or phenomenon based on analogy, ...
In the Russian language program of a comprehensive school, children are told in general terms about dictionaries. Usually this is brief information about explanatory dictionaries, spelling dictionaries, dictionaries of synonyms and antonyms, and foreign words. But the variety of Russian language dictionaries is not limited to this. There are spelling, phraseological, etymological dictionaries, dictionaries of historicisms, neologisms, and archaisms. Let's look at the features of dictionaries of epithets, comparisons and metaphors.
Dictionaries of epithets
Journalists, philologists, and writers often find it difficult to find the right word or definition of a word. In this case, a dictionary of epithets can help. An epithet is a means of expressiveness in literary language; it enhances the emotionality, imagery of speech, and enriches it.
All dictionaries of epithets are compiled on the basis of literary works of Russian writers, from Zhukovsky to contemporary writers. The structure of the dictionary is simple. The article begins with a heading word - this is a noun in the nominative singular form. The exception is words used only in the plural. A large number of epithets have been selected for this word, from general linguistic ones to copyright ones.
Dictionaries of epithets contain definitions for words in the broad sense of the term “epithet”. For example, the following epithets were chosen for the word character: “iron, steel, complex, difficult, golden, flexible.” Not all epithets have the same emotional and figurative connotation. In dictionaries of this type you will not find adjectives that characterize the main property of an object or phenomenon. So, in the article there are no adjectives for the word bread “rye”, “wheat”, “delicious”, but there are epithets “bulk”, “labor”, “heavy”, “kind”.
Dictionary of comparisons
This dictionary will be useful to journalists, writers, as well as those who are interested in studying the Russian language or want to expand the imagery and effectiveness of their speech. Comparison is an artistic technique in which objects or phenomena are compared. Gives written or oral speech expressiveness and imagery.
The predecessor of the dictionary of comparisons can be called the work “Proverbs of the Russian People” by V.I. Dahl, which collected stable expressions of the Russian language, both local and widely used by the Russian people. Modern dictionaries of comparisons include comparative phrases from Russian literature of the 18th-19th centuries, stable phrases from the media, author's comparisons, proverbs and sayings, as well as jargons and colloquial comparisons.
The most famous dictionary of comparisons is the work “Stable Comparisons of the Russian Language” by L. A. Lebedeva, published in 1998. There are more than 40,000 figurative comparisons in the vocabulary of this dictionary.
Dictionary of metaphors
Everyone is familiar with the painful search for an expression or word that accurately describes a situation, phenomenon, or object. Just like comparison, metaphor allows you to expressively and figuratively conduct dialogue, write literary texts, and is widely used in the media and in the speech of politicians.
Metaphor is the most complex phenomenon of the Russian language. To study and understand it, metaphor dictionaries are formed. One of the newest is “Dictionary of word-formation metaphors of the Russian language” by S.B. Kozinets.
Examples of word-formation metaphors:
- advertise;
- serene;
- warmer;
- parasite;
- heartthrob;
- gypsy.
Dictionary of Metaphors by S. Kozinets can be called a scientific work. In the introductory article to the dictionary, the author sets out in detail the mechanisms and reasons for the emergence of word-formation metaphors, gives examples of adjectives and verbs that are not a metaphor, but are endowed with imagery. The words are arranged in alphabetical nesting order. The title word is given an interpretation and examples of its use in literature and oral speech.
In the dictionary of S.B. Kozinets did not include metaphors and phraseological units, for example, “a fight without rules, the dead of night, a heart of gold, a forest of hands.” Metaphors from fiction are widely represented in Russian vocabulary. Created by the writer or later, they often become commonly used.
- “silent peace” - I. Bunin;
- “scratching gaze” - M. Gorky;
- “touching beauty” - F. Tyutchev;
- “Silver stream” - S. Yesenin.
Oral folk art has always been a storehouse of expressive means of the Russian language. Metaphors from Russian folklore: “good fellow, dark thought, heroic shoulders.”
Today there is no dictionary that would accommodate all the variety of metaphors. This is difficult to do technically. But for linguists and students of philological faculties there is a unique opportunity to be the compiler of a dictionary of metaphors in the wide use of this term.
Dictionaries of comparisons, metaphors and epithets can be useful not only to a narrow circle of philologists, linguists, writers, and journalists. They may be of interest to anyone who is interested in the Russian language and wants to improve the level of their oral and written speech.
