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Air temperature in living and working premises. What to do if the temperature in the apartment is below normal. Room temperature: what regulations need to be considered

The reader unconsciously obtains an opinion about the applicant that he has contributed his views by studying the appeal and its content. In fact, the appeal is a description of the mind of the signatory. In cases where the output is formed from a mental state, this is fundamentally important. Getting a worthwhile sample is very expensive. Because the absence of imperfections is skilled labor that requires skill.

If necessary, close the direct compressor for the compressor. Get ready to open the circuit breaker. If the circuit breaker does not trip on the "Open circuit board", the pantone must be lowered immediately. After passing through the neutral section, the driver must close the circuit breaker on the "close switch" board and resume normal work thereafter.

As a rule, the train must pass through the neutral section. However, if for some reason it is necessary to stop the train near the neutral section, the Driver must do his best to stop the locomotive after crossing. neutral. Only in an emergency or to prevent an accident can the locomotive be stopped in the neutral section. If a locomotive stops in the neutral section and the train cannot restart, special arrangements must be made to push or pull it with another locomotive.

Before turning off the circuit breaker in the neutral section, the main compressor must run "straight" for some time to build up sufficient pressure in the tank, otherwise there is a possibility that the air jet circuit breaker may not close after passing through neutral due to low pressure.

Power can be stored until the circuit breaker trips on the "open circuit" board. Transfer of a neutral section with several local blocks. The pantols of the rear locomotives will be in contact for 10 seconds. rear locomotive circuit breakers can now be closed and traction resumed.

If the air in the working room does not warm up above plus 12 degrees, then the workers have the right not to work at all. Other temperature conditions are established for workers whose profession is associated with high physical energy costs. We are talking about builders, loaders, etc. The air temperature in the room where they work should be plus 13-15 degrees. This is already enough to work all day. People of these professions have the right to refuse to work for more than one hour when the air temperature in the room is plus 6 degrees.

In such a section, both pantographs must not be raised under any circumstances. Lowering pantographs under emergency power. When the power supply from one substation is interrupted and the power is expanded from neighboring substations, it is necessary for the Driver to lower the pantograph at least 2 or 3 flights before reaching the ceiling covering the substation that is not working.

Special signboards are displayed at the points where the branch tracks are removed from the conductors. If in case the driver notices that he is walking on an unguided track and cannot stop, he must immediately lower the pantographs. This minimizes damage to the pantographs.

What you need to know about the norms of air temperature in residential and working premises.

AT summer time year, when it is very hot outside, it is difficult to be at the workplace, due to the fact that the room also becomes hot. It is useless to open the windows, only drafts save you, but you won’t catch a cold for a long time. Therefore, the legislation fixes the norms of air temperature in the working room during the hot season. These standards apply to the working premises of all enterprises and organizations. For violation of these norms, the employer may be punished under Art. 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation - a fine from 10,000 to 20,000 rubles or suspension of activities for up to 90 days. In the working room, the air temperature should not exceed plus 26.4 degrees. If the air in the room is heated to plus 30 degrees, then the working day should be reduced to 5 hours. If the air temperature reaches plus 32.5 degrees, then the working day should not exceed one hour.

Drivers are expected to be familiar with the road and the best way use step down gradients to save energy consumption as much as possible. On level sections, and especially in suburban sections, boarding should be resorted to as much as possible, and the brakes applied only when necessary to control speed or stop the train. To help drivers, "boards" are fixed in some sections.

In undulating country, the speed may be reduced when approaching the edge of the gradient. After passing over the ridge, the train will automatically pick up speed with power off the other side when it descends, so that it reaches the maximum allowable speed, in the section when it approaches the bottom of the next gradient, This function should receive special attention when studying the road period .

The law also stipulates the temperature limits that must be observed in the room where people work in the cold season. In hospitals, clinics, administrative buildings and other office work premises, the air temperature should be plus 20 - 22 degrees. If the air warms up only to plus 19 degrees, then according to the law, the working day must be reduced by one hour. But if the air temperature drops to plus 13 degrees, then the working day should not exceed one hour. If the air in the working room does not warm up above plus 12 degrees, then the workers have the right not to work at all. Other temperature conditions are established for workers whose profession is associated with high physical energy costs. We are talking about builders, loaders, etc. The air temperature in the room where they work should be plus 13-15 degrees. This is already enough to work all day. People of these professions have the right to refuse to work for more than one hour when the air temperature in the room is plus 6 degrees.

When descending a long steep gradient brake pads can become very hot and under these conditions the brake power will be reduced. If the brake power is reduced, the speed may rise to dangerous levels. To prevent this possibility, drivers must maintain speed within set limits, and sometimes even stop the train at certain points, to prevent the possibility of an accelerated speed and subsequent serious accidents. Drivers must strictly adhere to the standing instructions of local authorities in this regard.

If the temperature norms are violated in your workplace, and the employer does not meet the needs of his employees, it is best to file a complaint against the employer with the State Labor Inspectorate, which will take appropriate measures.

The legislation of the Russian Federation fixes the norms of air temperature in the cold season in residential premises: apartments or residential buildings. The air temperature should not fall below plus 18 degrees, it can reach plus 20 degrees. If it's about corner apartment The air temperature can reach plus 22 degrees. On landings - not lower than plus 16 degrees. The heating season should begin, that is, central heating should be turned on if the average daily air temperature outside drops below plus 8 degrees. Such limits are established by law, in practice everything happens differently. Not in many apartments in winter the air temperature reaches plus 20 - 22 degrees, especially on severe frosty days. Living in these rooms is not comfortable.

The driver must personally verify that the block valves of the locomotive are closed at the rear and open in the control cab. When the loco is running light; the free ends of the vacuum connection hose pipe must be securely fixed on the dummy, and one of the exhaust can work. However, the driver must ensure that the air brakes on the locomotive are effective.

He should normally stop the locomotive during light running with an independent air brake valve, but the assistant driver can apply the brakes with an emergency brake valve if the situation requires it. Wheel acceleration. Wheel skidding in a locomotive occurs when the braking force exceeds the adhesion limit. This can also happen if gauges are not properly calibrated. Wheel changes are also seen under adverse traction conditions caused by oil and grease on the rail table, wet rails, and falling tree leaves and salt on the tracks.

If the batteries do not heat, there is only one way out - do not pay, or rather, contact the housing management company with a written application, which should contain requirements to recalculate the amount charged from you for heating in the rent for the period when the air temperature in the room did not meet temperature regimes established by law.

Poor train braking power can also cause the locomotive wheels to skid, in certain conditions. To avoid skidding, it is necessary to keep the braking equipment in perfect working order and ensure that the equipment is installed at the calculated value. The locomotive brake should be applied judiciously.

The operation of the stalled stock is subject to the following conditions. The flow meter must be in working order. The general guide line is shown below. Keep the brake in the free position. Keep the brakes in a free position. Loading. Do not break the red needle after this, during the run. After that, start the train smoothly. After a faster or emergency application, wait 3-4 minutes to fully release the brakes. Any delay in the investigation could result in skidding or other damage.

;-) According to SNiP, the temperature in the room should be 18C. And if on the floor 3C and on 2m 19? Which one to take? ;-)

Ivanov Ivan Artificial intelligence(170467), closed 5 years ago

alemm66 Sage (11740) 5 years ago

According to GOST 30494-96 RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS. INDOOR MICROCLIMATE PARAMETERS During the cold season, the optimum air temperature in residential premises should be 20-22 degrees. c. (resulting - 19-20 degrees centigrade). admissible air temperature - 18-24grad. c. (resulting - 17-23 degrees centigrade). The local asymmetry of the resulting temperature should be no more than 2.5°C for optimal and no more than 3.5°C for acceptable indicators. When providing microclimate indicators at various points of the serviced area, it is allowed:

Therefore, the instructions for applying the brakes given in this document must be strictly followed to avoid breakage of the connectors. Once this is done and the air hoses are properly connected, the corner loops should be open and the system fully charged, the brakes will be released and the train will start as instructed in paragraph. Start only after the white arrow on the flow meter lines up with the red needle. This will instruct the Guard that the train is being held due to brake blockage and the Guard should take action as directed against him.

The difference in air temperature is not more than 2 ° C for optimal performance and 3 ° C - for acceptable;

The difference in the resulting room temperature along the height of the serviced area is no more than 2 °C.

The measurement of microclimate indicators in the cold season should be performed at an outside air temperature not higher than minus 5°C. It is not allowed to carry out measurements in a cloudless sky during daylight hours. It is not allowed to carry out measurements in a cloudless sky during daylight hours. Measurement of temperature, humidity and air velocity should be carried out in a serviced area at a height of:

If the white arrow moves up slightly, this indicates a leak in the brake pipe of the train, the source of the leak should be traced. If the white arrow moves by a large margin, this indicates an intense release of air from the brake pipe. This may be due to the fact that the corner crane is in front of the closed car. It could also be due to a disconnected brake pipe or foam hose pipe.

If the pressure is less than the original value at the time the pressure is generated, this may be due to an additional leak in the brake pipe or train pipe. Thus, the driver must ensure that his full trains are tactful, otherwise take action as if a train was passing. If the brake linkage is due to a closed corner valve, fully open the corner valve. If any control valve is faulty, isolate it and release that car's brakes and record it in the train log as well as the brake certificate.

0.1; 0.4 and 1.7 m from the floor surface for preschool institutions;

0.1; 0.6 and 1.7 m from the floor surface when people stay indoors mainly in a sitting position;

0.1; 1.1 and 1.7 m from the floor surface in rooms where people mostly stand or walk;

In the center of the served area and at a distance of 0.5 m from inner surface external walls and stationary heating devices in the premises.

If the leak is due to the pop-up hose tube, release the brakes at the rear of the tube after closing the rear corner valve of the last unaffected car and carefully clear the block section at low speed with partial brake power.

After receiving guard observations and taking corrective action, record in the log and also report the problem to the section controller, indicating the number on which the car was changed. During dual control operation, if the rear loco is not working, the train must be handled by the leading loco and the "block section is cleared". If the toad cannot be cleared by one locomotive, assistance should be provided by any other locomotive, preferably from the rear side, only to clear the block section.

See the above GOST for more details.

What you need to know about the norms of air temperature in residential and working premises.

In the summer, when it is very hot outside, it is difficult to be at the workplace, due to the fact that the room also becomes hot. It is useless to open the windows, only drafts save you, but you won’t catch a cold for a long time. Therefore, the legislation fixes the norms of air temperature in the working room during the hot season. These standards apply to the working premises of all enterprises and organizations. For violation of these norms, the employer may be punished under Art. 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation - a fine from 10,000 to 20,000 rubles or suspension of activities for up to 90 days. In the working room, the air temperature should not exceed plus 26.4 degrees. If the air in the room is heated to plus 30 degrees, then the working day should be reduced to 5 hours. If the air temperature reaches plus 32.5 degrees, then the working day should not exceed one hour.

But when a block section is cleared by a locomotive equipped with vacuum brakes, that locomotive must be careful to stop the train at a stop signal. In the absence of a locomotive equipped with pneumatic brakes, the brakes of the entire rack must be released in the block section and in a conventional locomotive to remove the block block. This load must be taken on the main line. If it is not possible to receive a train on the main line, it must be received on the loop line if the rear end of the loop is set for the main line, so that in case of loss of control the train does not get trapped or run into a sand mound.

The law also stipulates the temperature limits that must be observed in the room where people work in the cold season. In hospitals, polyclinics, administrative buildings and other office working premises, the air temperature should be plus 20 - 22 degrees. If the air warms up only to plus 19 degrees, then according to the law, the working day must be reduced by one hour. But if the air temperature drops to plus 13 degrees, then the working day should not exceed one hour. If the air in the working room does not warm up above plus 12 degrees, then the workers have the right not to work at all. Other temperature conditions are established for workers whose profession is associated with high physical energy costs. We are talking about builders, loaders, etc. The air temperature in the room where they work should be plus 13-15 degrees. This is already enough to work all day. People of these professions have the right to refuse to work for more than one hour when the air temperature in the room is plus 6 degrees.

The furnace was opened over Romania. On the hottest day this summer, with a 39-degree shadow, meteorologists created an orange hedge code: in Olta, Teleorman and Dolge. Only in Bucharest, in just 5 hours, 72 people lost consciousness due to arsh. Prepare your soul for the worst. It will record over 43 degrees and thermal discomfort will be increased. The situation is dramatic all over the world, from Southeast Europe to North America and the Middle East. In Iran it was 53 degrees Celsius.

Even if you thought that today you are in the furnace at noon and you feel that the hot air will just burn your nostrils, smile. On Saturday afternoon the whole country will be covered with unbearable heat. Thursday, in Bucharest, they were 36 degrees in the shade. People lived under trees or in air-conditioned stores and traveled a lot with cars.

The legislation of the Russian Federation fixes the norms of air temperature in the cold season in residential premises: apartments or residential buildings. The air temperature should not fall below plus 18 degrees, it can reach plus 20 degrees. If we are talking about a corner apartment, the air temperature can reach plus 22 degrees. On landings - not lower than plus 16 degrees. The heating season should begin, that is, central heating should be turned on if the average daily air temperature outside drops below plus 8 degrees. Such limits are established by law, in practice everything happens differently. Not in many apartments in winter the air temperature reaches plus 20 - 22 degrees, especially on severe frosty days. Living in these rooms is not comfortable.

However, firefighters have important tips: Do not leave children or pets in vehicles. It didn't take 15 minutes, and the thermometer showed 50 degrees, and the shirt was almost dry. Thus, in this enclosed space, the effect is the same as in an incubator, and the person inside can become dehydrated and suffer. Another experiment shows how quickly we can become dehydrated if we stay in the sun. If on a day with normal temperature we remove from 500 milliliters and a liter of sweat through the skin, as the temperature rises, the amount increases.

Of course, such a thing as the optimal temperature for each person is different. Some will feel comfortable in a cool room, while others will feel cold. To human body functions properly, you must adhere to certain recommendations for heating and cooling, which are specified in national standards. They play a decisive role in the microclimate of residential premises.

So, on such a gorgeous day, those who work in the sun can lose up to 10 liters of sweat. It may cause dizziness headache, fainting. The heat wave that is set in the southern part of Romania affects all living beings. In zoos, animals were sprinkled with cold water.

Animal care: Fruit and yoghurt with frozen fruit. Madinalin Serban, director of the Galati Zoological Garden: Workers are doing their best to change the water every two hours, animals that are omnivores and herbivores, to benefit from vegetables, fruits, salads - usually low-temperature foods rich in vitamins.

Room temperature: what regulations need to be considered

The answer to the question of what should be the optimal temperature in a residential building or apartment is much more complicated than it might seem at first glance. There is an opinion that the average is 18 degrees for the entire living space. But speaking in fact, a separate temperature regime should be set for each individual room, depending on the purpose of the room. For example, government documents clearly distinguish a certain temperature in an apartment in the winter.

It is governed by the following 2 regulations:

SanPin;
GOST.

These documents include 2 classifications, which indicate what temperature should be in the apartment in winter and what in summer. In addition, it is these regulations that define the optimal and permissible temperature. Of course, it immediately becomes clear that even service companies should take these indicators as a basis. If this is not done, then you need to contact the relevant authorities for action.

It often happens that in winter, some people do not have enough of the temperature provided by heating radiators. In such a situation, you will have to purchase an additional heating agent. If, on the contrary, it is too hot for you, then you can try to adjust the temperature received, but the payment will not change from this. In order to pay for the use of heat, it will be necessary to install heat meters, and this is an expensive business.

The norm of temperature in the apartment: room temperature is how many degrees

It is necessary to figure out what temperature in the apartment, according to state regulation, will be considered optimal.

It is stated that:

In the room allowable temperature you can consider the indicator from 18 to 24 degrees, and the optimal one is from 20 to 22. Provided that the temperature is 30 degrees for 5 days on the street, it should be 20 in the apartment.
In the kitchen and toilet, the optimal indicator will be from 19 to 21, and 18-26 is acceptable.
If your bathroom is combined, then the optimal temperature here will be from 24 to 26 degrees, and the allowable 18-26.

Despite the established norms and standards, the temperature in the apartment may vary depending on the season. Its error can be 3 degrees for a fall at night and an increase of 4 marks at any other time of the day. A completely separate matter, this is a common corridor and landing. According to the regulations, here the indicator can be at least 15 degrees.

Optimum temperature in the apartment: influencing factors

Above, we told what temperature is considered normal in an apartment, now it remains to find out what affects its changes, that is, an increase and decrease. If you know all the reasons for this change, you can adjust the temperature according to your preferences.

Basically, the indicators of the thermometer in the apartment will depend on:

battery capacity;
The amount of heat loss;
The speed of the heat carrier in the system;
From the distribution of the heating system.

No matter how comfortable the temperature in the apartment is, in any situation there will be someone who will complain about excessive heat or a strong ability to adjust the heating of the room.

If the utilities fulfill all the conditions according to the regulations, and the housing still does not warm up, but you need to pay attention to heat loss.

Care must be taken that all heat loss were excluded, especially in winter. Most likely, you have noticed that many people are currently insulating their apartments with foam plastic from the outside, this action helps to significantly reduce heat loss. But the first step towards this will be the replacement of old windows with more modern ones.

Much depends on the type of radiators and their capacity. Of course, the larger the battery, the warmer it will be in the room, but you cannot increase the number of sections on your own, since the stable operation of the entire system will depend on this. An increase in the number of radiators can lead to a decrease in the pressure and speed of the heat carrier.

This will entail:

Partial heating of batteries;
Lack of heat in batteries;
Inability to achieve the optimal temperature indicator.
Heat losses due to the fact that the coolant will travel a greater distance to the destination.

In such a situation about achieving optimum temperature one can only dream.

How to make sure that there is a comfortable room temperature for a person

How many degrees should be in the house? In accordance with GOST, the lower limit can reach 15 degrees, taking into account the error of the night time. Although not everyone will like to be in such conditions. It should be said right away that complaining in this situation will be in vain, since all the necessary norms have been met. Therefore, people make decisions about the purchase of heaters, insulation of apartments and self-adjustment temperature.

But what if in winter the temperature at a rate of 24 is 28 degrees? Sometimes it happens.

If your batteries have a thermal head, then there will be no problems with adjustment, you just need to set the required indicator.

But if there is no thermal head? A person will not open a window in winter, it is not comfortable and, moreover, can cause diseases. This option is especially not suitable if there are small children in the house.

There are several options for getting out of the situation:

Slightly screw on the tap at the battery;
Purchase an air recuperator.

What temperature should be in the apartment in winter

What is a comfortable temperature for a person? For comfort, you need to navigate not only what is normal average temperature, but also which one is optimal, however, in any case, the way that will create a feeling of comfort will win. In winter, the premises begin to be heated when the average daily temperature is set to less than 8 degrees. Accordingly, the end of the heating period will be associated with an increase in temperature above the specified indicator.

In a residential building, there is a GOST standard. You can measure the indicator in any convenient form. This can be a mark in Celsius or in kelvins, in any case, everything must comply with SNIP. So, it is possible to distinguish which ideal temperature should be in the bathroom, bedroom, kitchen and other rooms.

In winter, the minimum indoor temperatures are:

20 degrees - permissible climatic mark for corner rooms;
18 degrees - the best mark for living rooms;
18 degrees - the minimum temperature for kitchens;
25 degrees is the standard temperature for bathrooms;
16 degrees for landings and vestibules;
5 degrees - for lift departments;
4 degrees - for basements and attics.

However, do not forget that many standards can be affected by microclimate, humidity (water in the bathroom), and pressure. So, for example, in a private house, additional cold can come from the floor if the wrong foundation was made during the work. That is why it is very important to increase the level of insulation of the house and know what the temperature to be reached is. Deviations from the established indicators are unacceptable. The heating system must fully ensure the heating of the living space to the set sanitary norms. If these requirements are not met, then the accruals will be reduced for each individual living space according to the compiled accounts.

Determine what temperature should be in the apartment (video)

So, thanks to the article, we found out what temperature is acceptable and maximum depending on the season. Now you know that each room should have its own separate temperature regime and this corresponds to the laws and regulations that should be referred to in case of violation of the heating regime, but in most cases, people still prefer to solve problems on their own.