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Do I need to prune garden chamomile after flowering. We grow garden chamomile: all the secrets of planting and caring for a plant. Seedling growing method

These modest, but such adored by many flowers, like daisies, are known to everyone. Planting daisies has long become native to our summer cottages. These hardy plants differ in stem height and flower size. Most often, daisies grow in summer cottages, the height of which is 30 - 90 cm. Plants that bloom in the first year are annual and perennial. Per last years many varieties of daisies have been bred, differing from each other in the size of the bush and inflorescences, the shape and color of the leaves.

Varieties with semi-double and double flowers have been bred. This plant is famous for its unpretentiousness and endurance. At optimal conditions for their planting and growing in the country, chamomile will not require special attention to their care. All types of these plants, along with acidantera, prefer sunny places, because when shading, their development is inhibited and flowering is weakened.

Daisies prefer sandy, well-drained soil that contains lime. The soil for growing should be nutritious, so we fertilize it with humus, peat or compost. But, even if the soil contains an insufficient amount nutrients, the plant will still develop, only at the same time the size of stems and flowers may decrease, which is not welcome. Water these flowers regularly, preventing the soil from drying out in hot weather.

This plant, when caring for it, is very responsive to regular feeding. In the process of preparing the beds for planting, we add compost to them. We mulch the bushes with peat or compost. In the spring, we feed perennial chamomile with ammonium nitrate. We scatter this fertilizer in the aisles at the rate of 20 g / 1 sq.m. At the same time, it is not necessary to water the soil, since the saltpeter itself will be absorbed into the moist soil.

We re-feed with urea during the budding period. At the same time, we feed only those plants that are lagging behind in development and have leaves and stems that are pale in color. To avoid soil oxidation from the application of mineral fertilizers, we also introduce nitrogen fertilizers into it (infusion of bird droppings, a solution of fresh mullein).

We propagate chamomile seeds or dividing the bush (perennial species). We sow seeds on prepared beds in spring or autumn. They germinate better when there is a slight frost. We sow planting material on pre-prepared beds, sprinkle them with a thin layer of soil and water abundantly. After 2 weeks, the first shoots should appear. We sow the seeds, taking into account the fact that between the bushes there should be a distance of 25 - 30 cm.

This flower, when seeds ripen, can propagate by self-sowing. So, having planted it once in the country, then you can not sow it, since it will appear in the flower bed every year. At the same time, we make sure that the chamomile does not spread to those areas where it should not be, because in this way it can turn into a real weed. To control this plant, we cut off the faded flowers. Such a procedure will not only protect against self-seeding, but will also contribute to even more lush flowering.

When growing perennial daisies, 2-3 years after planting, the bush thickens and the shoots of its middle part die off. At the same time, the size of the inflorescences is greatly reduced, which leads to a loss of decorativeness of the plant. In order to rejuvenate the bushes, we plant them once every 3 years, using young flower sprouts with good roots. We transplant in September - October in cloudy weather. Before the onset of winter, the transplanted plants have time to form a good root system. If necessary, we plant chamomile in the spring. For planting sprouts, we use well-fertilized soil, with humus added to it before planting (1 bucket / 1 sq.m.). We dig up the beds. When planting in the holes, fill with water. Sprouts are planted at a distance of 20 - 30 cm from each other.

In autumn, we cut the stems of perennial daisies almost at the very ground. These plants are cold hardy, but young shoots need shelter for the winter. We cover them with a thick layer of fallen leaves. When freezing in cold winters, 2-3 year old plants grow back in spring.

Daisies are also called plants of other genera of the same family, such as Nivyanik, Feverfew, Pupavka, Trekhrebernik, which have similar inflorescences with characteristic marginal reed flowers white color and yellow center. There are many species cultivated in the country. The most popular among flower growers are the following daisies:

leucanthemum, growing to 30 - 40 cm, the bushes of which are a perennial rhizome plant, 60 - 100 cm high. Flowers have unbranched stems and dark green non-pubescent foliage.
German, reaching 50 cm in height, with fragrant flowers, propagated by seeds and requiring abundant watering.
Roman, which is perennial, up to 30 cm high, used as a ground cover crop, propagated by dividing the roots and seeds.

In summer cottages there are various types of daisies, but some of the most popular are:

leucanthemum is the largest, which is also called a giant chamomile, with flowers 13 - 15 cm and reaching a meter height. Its flowering period is long, lasting from July to September. It is grown in flower beds and for cutting. Plant varieties have been bred that differ in the number of rows of petals, their size and flowering time. Some of them bloom in May. To obtain especially large inflorescences, we get rid of stepchildren growing in the axils of the leaves.
Low-growing garden chamomile, 10 - 15 cm high, used mainly for alpine slides.

All daisies look great in group and single plantings, and especially impressive in landscape design cottages they look against the backdrop of a green lawn.

There are three main timings for pruning. The first time the chamomile is pruned at the height of flowering. At the same time, only faded inflorescences are removed. The main purpose of this event is to prolong the flowering period.

The main task in summer is to remove flower stalks. This will provoke the bush to re-bloom.

The second time they start pruning after the end of flowering. This usually happens in the second half of July. After flowering, chamomile bushes lose their decorative effect, and therefore there is no special need to preserve them.

The third pruning is carried out during the preparation of plants for wintering. Its main purpose is sanitary and hygienic. Rotting plant debris is a source of the spread of various diseases, as well as a haven for pests. Autumn pruning is carried out before severe frosts or before the first heavy snowfall.

In this case, the technique for performing trimming depends on the timing of its implementation.

How to prune daisies in summer?

When pruning in the summer, only flower stalks with faded inflorescences are cut out. It is most convenient to do this with a small pruner or garden shears. The peduncle is simply cut out at the very base.

Peduncles in the summer can be removed even before flowering is completed - then you can make beautiful bouquets out of them.

After pruning, the plants should be well watered and fed with a solution of any universal fertilizer for flowering plants. On average, summer pruning helps extend flowering by 2-3 weeks.

Pruning after flowering

The second pruning, which is carried out after the end of flowering, is carried out in a completely different way. This time, the entire above-ground part of the plants is cut off at a height of 5-10 cm from the soil. Pruning stems is most conveniently done with secateurs. At this point, they are already quite hard and woody, so scissors simply cannot cope with them.

In autumn, this bush will need to be cut off completely, leaving only the root in the ground.

After pruning, a flower bed with daisies must be fed with full mineral complex. This will help the plants grow faster. 10 days after the application of mineral fertilizers, organic matter is additionally added. Fermented mullein solution can be used as an organic fertilizer.

autumn pruning

Autumn pruning of chamomile is no less important than summer pruning. Its main goal is to remove the dying above-ground part and prepare the bushes for wintering. They start it after the onset of a stable cold snap. For most regions of Russia, this is the second half of October.

Using a sharp pruner, the shoots are cut as close to the soil surface as possible. Leave them in place. And even more so, in no case can they be used to shelter bushes. All plant debris should be destroyed. They can contain both pathogenic fungi and larvae of various pests.

In general, pruning chamomile is quite simple and does not require complex manipulations. The main thing is to strictly observe the deadlines for its implementation. And then the plants will surely thank you with good development and abundant flowering.

Interesting video: summer pruning of chamomile peduncles

Do I need to cut the garden chamomile before winter, removed the flower stalks, and the lower rosette of leaves is strong and green? Planted only this year in divisions.

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Daisies blooming in the meadow and in the garden do not leave anyone indifferent. Garden chamomile is a favorite flower of Russian summer residents. Several dozen species of herbaceous perennials in nature can be found in all climatic zones, except for the tropics, ice and deserts.

Culture attracts flower growers with massive and long flowering, simple care and the ability to plant and propagate the variety you like without much experience.

Description of garden perennial chamomile

For the design of flower beds, the brightest large-flowered plants are used. For the first time, chamomile interested flower growers more than two hundred years ago, so many cultivars have appeared since then. And although perennial garden daisies can be of different heights, have different flowering times and inflorescence shapes, all daisies have much in common. First of all, it is a recognizable form of an inflorescence-basket, the core of which consists of small tubular yellow flowers, and the framing is made of pseudolingual petals.

Today, thanks to the efforts of breeders, semi- and terry varieties of garden chamomile have come to the disposal of gardeners.

Compared with wild-growing specimens in cultivated perennials:

flowers are larger;
bud formation is much more active;
the flowering period is longer;
reappearance of flowers in the second half of summer is possible.

The garden chamomile depicted in the photo, Leucanthemum vulgare or Leucanthemum maximum, is popularly referred to as leucanthemum or popovnik. In early spring, a rosette of oblong basal leaves appears above the soil. When inflorescences appear on faceted erect stems, the height of the plant can vary from 20 to 80 cm. Depending on the variety, the diameter of the inflorescences can reach from 3 to 10 cm.

Reproduction of garden chamomile by dividing the bush

Daisies planted on the plot grow well, form curtains, which, even outside flowering, retain their decorative effect and resemble green pillows. However, after a few years, the perennial needs rejuvenation, otherwise the inflorescences become smaller every year, the foliage becomes smaller and weaker.

Perennial garden daisies reproduce by seed and vegetatively. If these beautiful flowers are already growing in the flower beds, it is enough to divide the adult curtain into several.

It is best to plant a perennial in the first half of autumn, dividing the plant into parts so that each has a part of a strong rhizome and several points of growth. The soil for planting chamomile should be dug up, cleared of weeds and moistened:

The hole is dug a little more than the root system.
The plant in the planting pit is placed at the same level, having previously straightened the rhizomes.
The hole is covered with soil, which is compacted and watered.

Since seeds from faded baskets do not convey the features of parent plants, vegetative propagation is indispensable if you want to get young curtains of any varietal garden chamomile.

The more often the curtains rejuvenate, the more spectacular their flowering and the larger the inflorescences. However, repotting in the spring may delay or cancel the appearance of buds.

Sowing garden perennial chamomile and planting it in the ground

Chamomile seeds have excellent winter hardiness, so they can be sown both in spring and before winter. Autumn sowing will not only save valuable spring time, but also provide natural stratification. And this means that the seedlings will be more friendly and strong.

Spring propagation of garden chamomile seeds is possible in two ways:

sowing in thawed, dug up and loosened open ground;
sowing at home for seedlings, which are transferred to a flower bed in the warm season.

In the second case, the plants are stronger, they bloom earlier and have time to form a lush, strong rosette by winter. Planting garden chamomile for seedlings is carried out in the second half of February or in March. For sowing, take a light loose substrate based on sand, garden soil and peat. Seeds of several pieces are laid out in seedling containers or peat pots filled with moistened soil. Sprinkle on top with a thin layer of the same substrate.

Under the film or glass and at high humidity, the crops should be until the emergence of seedlings, that is, 10-15 days. Then the trays are transferred to the light and the shelter is removed. If necessary, organize additional illumination for 14 hours a day, otherwise the seedlings are strongly stretched and weakened.

The picking is carried out when the garden chamomile seedlings open 2–4 true leaves and are about 5 cm high. For active tillering, the main stem can be pinched.

One and a half or two months after sowing, young plants are taken out into the open ground to pre-prepared sunny areas without stagnant water and with neutral soil acidity.

Planting garden daisies is carried out in prepared soil, which is not only dug up, but also loosened. Weeds are carefully selected from the soil, and complex fertilizer for ornamental flower crops is applied to feed the seedlings.

It is more convenient to transfer seedlings with a clod of earth without damaging the root system. In this case, the holes are dug a little larger than the size of the containers, and the gaps are carefully covered with soil, compacted and watered. Although the plants are still small, they will have to grow strongly, therefore, gaps of 20 to 40 cm are left between seedlings, depending on the variety of garden chamomile and the design of the flower bed. The first flowering of plants planted with seeds and seedlings should be expected only after a year.

Caring for garden chamomile after planting

All types of chamomile, including garden chamomile, are photophilous. They do not tolerate closeness ground water and growing in dense, caking soil.

But at the same time, perennials beloved by flower growers are very undemanding to care for and can grow even on soils poor in humus, tolerate drought and not be afraid of serious pest attacks.

However, after planting garden chamomile, care for them should be attentive and systematic. Young plants need frequent watering until rooting is complete. The flowers that have firmly settled in the new place are no longer so tender, and they are watered only in hot, dry weather.

The time for watering is chosen so that drops of water in the sun do not play the role of lenses and do not cause ugly burns on the leaves and inflorescences.

Although garden daisies are very unpretentious, lush flowering can only be achieved if the plants receive enough nutrition. Therefore, nitrogen fertilizers are applied under the roots in the spring. Withered inflorescences must be cut together about the stem. This will help keep the plant strong and decorate the area with white chamomile lace for a long time.

When flowering ends, flower care does not stop. Closer to autumn, division of adult curtains is carried out, all old, dead parts are removed, flower stalks and dry leaves are cut out.

If the soil in the area is acidic, in the fall it must be deoxidized with dolomite flour or lime.

Daisies are frost-resistant, but in winters with little snow they can freeze, so the curtains are cut to the ground before the cold and densely sprinkled with peat, spruce branches or other suitable material.

Video about perennial garden chamomile

Caring for large chamomile is easy. To achieve the largest possible flowers, chamomile needs to be fertilized, watered, pinched, weeded and protected from pests and diseases in a timely manner.

Elimination of warming chamomile

When the frosts end, the snow melts, the earth thaws, you need to start caring for chamomile. First you need to carefully remove the insulation from the place where it grew. This can be done with a plastic rake, it will not harm the young shoots.

Soil top dressing

After removing the insulation, you need to feed the soil with mineral fertilizers. Fertilizers are evenly scattered between rows or around the plant (20 grams per 1 meter). After top dressing, it is not necessary to water (the earth is still wet), fertilizers will dissolve on their own. Re-feeding with organic fertilizers is best done during the formation of buds. In this case, you need to pay attention to the color of the leaves and stem. If the leaves are dark green and the plant is growing well, then there are enough nutrients, and fertilization is not necessary.

watering chamomile

Soil moisture for chamomile should be sufficient, but avoid overflow and stagnant water, as this will lead to root rot.

Weeding and loosening the soil around the chamomile

Weeding the soil, very important element in the care of daisies. Weeding is needed so that weeds do not take nutrients and moisture from the plant. Loosening the soil before watering enriches the plant with oxygen and better water access to the roots.

Pasynkovanie chamomile

During the formation of a flower in a chamomile, stepchildren (small daisies), which grow in the axils of the leaves, take away the supply of moisture and nutrients. In order for the flower to grow as large as possible, it is advisable to get rid of stepchildren in time, cut them off or carefully break them out.

Pests and diseases of chamomile

Sometimes aphids may appear under chamomile buds. On individual flowers, it can be knocked down with a stream of water when watering. But if aphids have spread to all pedicels, you need to treat the plant with an appropriate chemical preparation before the bud opens.
With a lack of trace elements in the soil, chamomile can get sick with powdery mildew and gray rot. To prevent this, in the spring you need to treat the bushes with a solution of copper sulfate, at the rate of 100 grams per 10 liters of water.

Care after flowering

For the formation of a large and strong root system and for the active development of young shoots, it is better to cut the chamomile after flowering, leaving 10 cm of the plant from the ground.

The main task in the summer is to remove flower stalks. This will provoke the bush to re-bloom.

In this case, the technique for performing trimming depends on the timing of its implementation.

How to prune daisies in summer?

Peduncles in the summer can be removed even before flowering is completed - then you can make beautiful bouquets from them.

After pruning, the plants should be well watered and fed with a solution of any universal fertilizer for flowering plants. On average, summer pruning helps extend flowering by 2-3 weeks.

Pruning after flowering

In autumn, this bush will need to be cut off completely, leaving only the root in the ground.

After pruning, a flower bed with daisies must be fed with a full mineral complex. This will help the plants grow faster. 10 days after the application of mineral fertilizers, organic matter is additionally added. Fermented mullein solution can be used as an organic fertilizer.

autumn pruning

Interesting video: summer pruning of chamomile peduncles

Description of garden perennial chamomile

Today, thanks to the efforts of breeders, semi- and terry varieties of garden chamomile have come to the disposal of gardeners.

Compared with wild-growing specimens in cultivated perennials:

flowers are larger;
bud formation is much more active;
the flowering period is longer;
reappearance of flowers in the second half of summer is possible.

Reproduction of garden chamomile by dividing the bush

Daisies planted on the plot grow well, form curtains, which, even outside flowering, retain their decorative effect and resemble green pillows. However, after a few years, rejuvenation is required, otherwise the inflorescences become smaller every year, the foliage becomes smaller and weaker.

Perennial garden daisies reproduce by seed and vegetatively. If these beautiful flowers are already growing in the flower beds, it is enough to divide the adult curtain into several.

The hole is dug a little more than the root system.
The plant in the planting pit is placed at the same level, having previously straightened the rhizomes.
The hole is covered with soil, which is compacted and watered.

Since seeds from faded baskets do not convey the features of parent plants, vegetative propagation is indispensable if you want to get young curtains of any varietal garden chamomile.

The more often the curtains rejuvenate, the more spectacular their flowering and the larger the inflorescences. However, repotting in the spring may delay or cancel the appearance of buds.

Sowing garden perennial chamomile and planting it in the ground

Spring propagation of garden chamomile seeds is possible in two ways:

sowing in thawed, dug up and loosened open ground;
sowing at home for seedlings, which are transferred to a flower bed in the warm season.

In the second case, the plants are stronger, they bloom earlier and have time to form a lush, strong rosette by winter. Planting garden chamomile for seedlings is carried out in the second half of February or in March. For sowing, take a light loose substrate based on sand, garden soil and. Seeds of several pieces are laid out in seedling containers or peat pots filled with moistened soil. Sprinkle on top with a thin layer of the same substrate.

Under the film or glass and at high humidity, the crops should be until the emergence of seedlings, that is, 10-15 days. Then the trays are transferred to the light and the shelter is removed. If necessary, arrange for 14 hours a day, otherwise the seedlings are strongly stretched and weakened.

The picking is carried out when the garden chamomile seedlings open 2–4 true leaves and are about 5 cm high. For active tillering, the main stem can be pinched.

One and a half or two months after sowing, young plants are taken out into the open ground to pre-prepared sunny areas without stagnant water and with neutral soil acidity.

Caring for garden chamomile after planting

All types of chamomile, including garden chamomile, are photophilous. They do not tolerate the proximity of groundwater and growing in dense, caking soil.

But at the same time, perennials beloved by flower growers are very undemanding to care for and can grow even on soils poor in humus, tolerate drought and not be afraid of serious pest attacks.

The time for watering is chosen so that drops of water in the sun do not play the role of lenses and do not cause ugly burns on the leaves and inflorescences.

When flowering ends, flower care does not stop. Closer to autumn, division of adult curtains is carried out, all old, dead parts are removed, flower stalks and dry leaves are cut out.

If the soil in the area is acidic, in the fall it must be deoxidized with dolomite flour or lime.

Video about perennial garden chamomile

Garden chamomile or daisy is well known to everyone since childhood. Who at least once in their life did not guess “loves, does not love” on its petals? This plant is also called popovnik. AT wild nature leucanthemum is found in both Europe and Asia. You can see this charming plant in fields, meadows and forest edges. Garden chamomile is unpretentious, spectacular, and even blooms for a long time, which is why amateur flower growers love it so much.

Nivyanik is a perennial rhizomatous plant from the Compositae family. It has a rosette of basal leaves and strong, slender, slightly leafy stems that carry surprisingly beautiful white-yellow inflorescences. The height of plants can be different - from 30 cm to a meter. Inflorescences also come in different sizes: in early varieties, the diameter is only about 5 cm, in later ones it can reach 15 cm. Different varieties of nivyanik can differ not only in their size, but also in the shape of inflorescences.

Garden chamomile blooms from June to September. If early-flowering plants are cut and fed after flowering, they may bloom again at the end of summer.

Cultivation and care

Nivyanik is a light-loving plant, in the shade of its inflorescences become smaller, and the stems are bent and lie down. Garden chamomile prefers fairly moist, well-fertilized soil.

Caring for cornflower is not difficult. It consists in timely weeding, loosening, watering and top dressing. During flowering, it is necessary to constantly remove faded inflorescences. After flowering, the plant must be pruned.

The best fertilizer for cornflower is manure and other organic matter. Fertilizing plants should be carried out 1-2 times a month.

Garden chamomile is quite winter-hardy, so it does not need special shelter for the winter. The exceptions are terry varieties of cornflower, they are more capricious and whimsical. They need to be covered for the winter with dry leaves.

In one place, the popovnik can grow no more than 3-4 years, otherwise the inflorescences become smaller, and the winter hardiness of the plant decreases. Overgrown bushes should be divided and seated.

reproduction

Garden chamomile propagates by seeds, cuttings and division of the rhizome.

Nivyanik seeds are sown in autumn or early spring. Seedlings grow quite quickly and will bloom in the second year after sowing. They should be planted in a permanent place in the fall in the first year of sowing seeds.

You can divide the rhizomes and transplant the cornflower in spring or early autumn. The delenki are planted shallowly, but trying to cover the rhizome. They grow very quickly.

For cuttings, small basal rosettes of leaves are used. They are cut in the second half of summer with a piece of rhizome, so the cuttings take root better.