Details Updated: 12/21/2019 18:22

The steelworker is a worker specializing in metallurgy, in particular the production of steel from cast iron. The production of steel is the second production stage in the iron and steel industry. It is preceded by the production of pig iron in a blast furnace.

People were engaged in metal melting 4 thousand years ago. At first, they mined non-ferrous metals, and later they began to extract ferrous metals, eventually inventing alloys.

Features of the profession (technology)

Each full-cycle metal plant has its own blast furnace, so the workers receive pig iron immediately in liquid form. If it is delivered from another place, it comes in the form of a so-called. "ingots", which after that also go to the smelter.

The main difference between steel and cast iron is the lower content of components such as carbon, silicon, etc. in steel. However, it is precisely this feature that makes steel so strong and flexible.

During melting, all unnecessary components contained in the steel are converted into slag. Cast iron made in different blast furnaces may differ slightly in chemical structure.

Responsibilities

All work takes place in the steel shop of the metal plant.

The duties of a steelworker include working in smelting furnaces different types. To date, open-hearth furnaces are almost never used, so smelting has to be done on a converter, an electric smelter or a vacuum version.

First, liquid metal is mixed in a special mixer trolley on the way to the smelter. A sample is taken from the cast iron mixture for chemical analysis, which is carried out using a special device in the form of a ladle.

Today, spectrometers are used to quickly analyze alloys: they determine the composition by evaluating the waves emitted by the alloy. The results obtained are shown on the display.

The steelmaker manages the smelting process, he has a team of henchmen under his command. (Handy is a job worth starting your own career in the steel industry).For example, a steelmaker in a converter plant observes the readings of the devices and decides which additives should be used and how much. He also monitors the heating of the converter plant, regulates the air and oxygen supply, etc.

In the oxygen-converter method, in addition to molten iron, scrap is used. The very melting of steel begins with the laying of scrap. Next, molten iron is poured in and oxygen blowing is performed. In addition, additional additives are added leading to a chemical reaction, which results in slag. The steel produced is re-examined (a sample is taken and sent to the laboratory).

If the analysis demonstrates the readiness of the steel alloy, it is poured into a ladle and sent to the next workshop for casting and production of blanks, and the converter is prepared for subsequent smelting.

Monitors are no substitute for direct observation. An experienced steelmaker can learn a lot from the specifics of the cooling of the sample, its appearance at the break, as well as the boiling of the alloy in the bath. In addition, a team of steelworkers is required to monitor the condition of melting plants, equipment and baths. For example, the integrity of the lining of the furnace inside (lining) is of great importance.

That is why all the work of a steelworker takes place right at the converter, where it is always very hot, because even at a decent distance from the furnace, the temperature is kept at 50-60°C.

To protect against overheating, steelworkers wear overalls and special headgear. True, such equipment quickly becomes unusable in shop conditions. It must be replaced at least once every 6 months. Specialized goggles protect the steelworkers' eyes from the blinding glow of the bubbling alloy. Workers need to drink plenty of water at all times to stay hydrated. Also, this profession involves continuous exposure to noise from operating installations.

Specialty implies the ability to withstand difficult conditions. But in the current production, a steelmaker working in a shop can count on comfortable conditions and rest after a working day. Also, this profession allows its owners to retire earlier.

Important qualities

This specialty requires responsible, disciplined, attentive, independent and physically strong people.Since the steel industry is constantly evolving, the worker must be able to quickly learn new things.

Skills and knowledge

The steelmaker is obliged to understand the technology and intricacies of steel melting, the internal structure and principles of using a melting furnace, the chemical and physical characteristics of the metals and additives used, as well as the basic principles of electrical engineering at a level not lower than an electrician.

He is also obliged to observe safety precautions when working in workshop conditions, and be able to independently provide first aid if necessary.

Prospects and career

The worker can increase his rank, which will increase the salary. Also, an employee can rise to the senior shift. But to make a really good career, you need to graduate from a university. In this case, you can become the head of the shop or the head of production, or even the director of the plant.

The issue was approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor, the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of December 27, 1984 N 381 / 23-157
(as amended by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor, the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of June 12, 1990 N 233 / 9-49,
Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation of October 20, 2008 N 578)

Electric furnace steelworker's assistant (first)

§ 49. Assistant steelworker electric furnace (first) 4th category

Job Description. Conducting the technological process of smelting steel and alloys in electric furnaces of various types with a capacity of up to 3 tons, building up and installing electrodes, producing a melt under the guidance of an electric furnace steelmaker. Cleaning the hearth from the remnants of slag and metal after the release of the melt. Filling the furnace and hardfacing the hearth, filling the charge, leveling it after filling, supplying ferroalloys and fluxes to the furnace. Downloading slag, mixing metal and monitoring the condition of the electrodes. Sampling of metal and slag for chemical analysis. Cutting and sealing the outlet and ensuring its good condition. Monitoring the condition and preparation of the main chute and funnels for pouring metal into the furnace.

Must know: technological process of smelting various grades of steel and alloys in electric furnaces; types of electric furnaces; device and principle of operation of electric furnaces; fundamentals of electrical engineering.

When conducting the process of smelting steel and alloys in electric furnaces with a capacity of 3 tons to 25 tons under the guidance of an electric furnace steelmaker - 5th category;

when conducting the process of smelting steel and alloys in electric furnaces with a capacity of 25 tons or more under the guidance of an electric furnace steelmaker - the 6th category.

Notes. 1. When smelting special alloys and high-alloy steel in electric furnaces with a capacity of up to 25 tons, the tariffication is set one category higher.

2. When remelting scrap into ingots, the tariffication is set one level lower.

Comments on the profession

The given tariff and qualification characteristics of the profession " Electric furnace steelworker's assistant (first)» serve for billing of works and assignment of tariff categories in accordance with Article 143 of the Labor Code Russian Federation. Based on the above job characteristics and the requirements for professional knowledge and skills, a job description an assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace, as well as the documents required for an interview and testing when applying for a job. When compiling work (job) instructions, pay attention to the general provisions and recommendations for this issue of ETKS (see.

APPROVE:

[Job title]

_______________________________

_______________________________

[Name of company]

_______________________________

_______________________/[FULL NAME.]/

"______" _______________ 20___

JOB DESCRIPTION

Assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) 5th category

1. General Provisions

1.1. This job description defines and regulates the powers, functional and job responsibilities, rights and responsibilities of an assistant steelworker of an electric furnace (first) of the 5th category [Name of organization in the genitive case] (hereinafter referred to as the Company).

1.2. An assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 5th category is appointed to the position and dismissed in accordance with the procedure established by the current labor legislation by order of the head of the Company.

1.3. The assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) of the 5th category belongs to the category of workers and reports directly to [position title of the immediate supervisor in the dative case] of the Company.

1.4. The assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) of the 5th category is responsible for:

• timely and high-quality performance of tasks for their intended purpose;
• compliance with performance and labor discipline;
• observance of labor safety measures, maintenance of order, compliance with fire safety rules at the work site (workplace) entrusted to him.

1.5. A person who has a secondary vocational education in this specialty and at least 1 year of work experience is appointed to the position of an assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 5th category.

1.6. In practice, an assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 5th category should be guided by:

• local acts and organizational and administrative documents of the Company;
• internal labor regulations;
• rules of labor protection and safety, ensuring industrial sanitation and fire protection;
• instructions, orders, decisions and instructions of the immediate supervisor;
• this job description.

1.7. An assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 5th category should know:

• technological process of smelting various grades of steel and alloys in electric furnaces;
• types of electric furnaces;
• device and principle of operation of electric furnaces;
• fundamentals of electrical engineering.

1.8. During the period of temporary absence of an assistant steelmaker of the (first) 5th category electric furnace, his duties are assigned to [name of the deputy position].

2. Job responsibilities

The assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) of the 5th category performs the following labor functions:

2.1. Conducting the technological process of smelting steel and alloys in electric furnaces of various types with a capacity of 3 tons to 25 tons under the guidance of an electric furnace steelmaker.

2.2. Cleaning the hearth from the remnants of slag and metal after the release of the melt.

2.3. Filling the furnace and hardfacing the hearth, filling the charge, leveling it after filling, supplying ferroalloys and fluxes to the furnace.

2.4. Downloading slag, mixing metal and monitoring the condition of the electrodes.

2.5. Sampling of metal and slag for chemical analysis.

2.6. Cutting and sealing the outlet and ensuring its good condition.

2.7. Monitoring the condition and preparation of the main chute and funnels for pouring metal into the furnace.

In case of official necessity, an assistant steelworker of an electric furnace (first) of the 5th category may be involved in the performance of duties overtime, in the manner prescribed by law.

3. Rights

An assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 5th category has the right to:

3.1. Get acquainted with the draft decisions of the management of the enterprise relating to its activities.

3.2. Submit proposals for the management to improve the work related to the responsibilities provided for in this job description.

3.3. Notify the immediate supervisor of all identified in the process of fulfilling their official duties shortcomings in the production activities of the enterprise (its structural divisions) and make proposals for their elimination.

3.4. Request personally or on behalf of the immediate supervisor from the heads of enterprise departments and specialists information and documents necessary for the performance of their duties.

3.5. Involve specialists from all (individual) structural divisions of the Company in solving the tasks assigned to him (if it is provided for by the regulations on structural divisions, if not, with the permission of the head of the Company).

3.6. Require the management of the enterprise to assist in the performance of their duties and rights.

4. Responsibility and performance evaluation

4.1. The assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) of the 5th category bears administrative, disciplinary and material (and in some cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation - and criminal) responsibility for:

4.1.1. Non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of official instructions of the immediate supervisor.

4.1.2. Failure to perform or improper performance of their labor functions and assigned tasks.

4.1.3. Unlawful use of the granted official powers, as well as their use for personal purposes.

4.1.4. Inaccurate information about the status of the work entrusted to him.

4.1.5. Failure to take measures to suppress the identified violations of safety regulations, fire and other rules that pose a threat to the activities of the enterprise and its employees.

4.1.6. Failure to enforce labor discipline.

4.2. Evaluation of the work of an assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 5th category is carried out:

4.2.1. Direct supervisor - regularly, in the course of the daily implementation by the employee of his labor functions.

4.2.2. Attestation Commission of the enterprise - periodically, but at least once every two years based on the documented results of the work for the evaluation period.

4.3. The main criterion for evaluating the work of an assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 5th category is the quality, completeness and timeliness of his performance of the tasks provided for in this instruction.

5. Working conditions

5.1. The mode of operation of an assistant steelworker of the (first) 5th category electric furnace is determined in accordance with the internal labor regulations established by the Company.

5.2. In connection with the production need, the assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) of the 5th category is obliged to go on business trips (including local ones).

Acquainted with the instruction ___________ / ____________ / "__" _______ 20__

Steel smelting is the second stage in the production of ferrous metallurgy. It is preceded by iron smelting in the blast furnace shop. (see blast furnace)

Full-cycle metallurgical plants have their own blast furnace shop. In this case, iron is supplied to steelmakers directly in liquid form. If it is brought from afar, it is cast into so-called ingots, which are then also sent for remelting.

Steel differs from cast iron in that it contains less carbon, silicon and other impurities. This is what gives steel strength, elasticity, and other valuable qualities. The essence of steel smelting is to turn excess elements into slag.

A steelmaker can work on various steelmaking furnaces: oxygen converter, electric steelmaking, vacuum or open-hearth furnace - these are the most common technologies today. True, open-hearth furnaces are gradually becoming a thing of the past.

Cast iron smelted in different blast furnaces may vary slightly in composition. First, the molten metal is mixed in a special mixer car on the way to the steel shop. A sample is taken from the mixed cast iron for express analysis. This is done using special device on a long handle, resembling a ladle.

In modern production, spectrometers help to analyze the metal: they determine the composition by analyzing the optical waves emitted by the metal. The results are displayed on monitors.

The steelmaker directs the smelting process, a team of henchmen is subordinate to him. (Steelmaker's assistant is a position from which you can start your professional path in metallurgy.)

For example, a steelmaker of a converter monitors the readings of measuring instruments and decides which additives, additives and how much to use. He also monitors the heating of the converter, regulates the supply of air, oxygen, etc.

In the oxygen-converter process, in addition to liquid iron, steel scrap is used. Directly steel smelting begins with the loading of scrap. Then liquid iron is poured and oxygen is purged. Additives are also added that give rise to a chemical reaction that forms slag. The smelted metal is analyzed again (a sample is taken and sent to the laboratory).

When the analysis shows that the steel is ready, it is poured into a ladle and sent to the next shop for casting and making steel billets, and the converter is prepared for the next melt.

Monitors cannot replace the Live View Wizard. He can tell a lot by how the sample cools down, how it looks at a break, and already by how the steel boils in the bath. In addition, a team of steelmakers has to monitor the condition of the melting units themselves, baths, equipment. For example, it is very important that the inner lining of the furnace (lining) is intact.

Therefore, the steelmaker and his team work directly next to the converter. And this is real hell! Even tens of meters from the furnace, the temperature reaches 50-60 o C.

To protect themselves from overheating, steelworkers wear protective jackets and hats, which, however, also do not withstand and burn out over time. Once every six months, or even more often, they have to be changed. Special goggles with filters protect steelworkers' eyes from the bright glow of boiling metal.

To stay hydrated in this heat, you have to drink plenty of water. In addition, the workshop is always noisy from the continuously working equipment.

These are extreme working conditions, which, however, some even like. The ability to personally handle hot metal outweighs these inconveniences. In addition, at modern enterprises for workers in hot shops, conditions are created for a good rest: GYM's, saunas, etc. In addition, steelworkers, like other workers in hot shops, are entitled to an early pension.

Workplace

A steelmaker works in the steel shop of a metallurgical plant.

Important qualities

The profession of a steelmaker implies responsibility, organization, the ability to concentrate and distribute attention, leadership qualities, and physical endurance.

Metallurgy technologies are constantly evolving, so it is important that the steelmaker is ready to learn new things in his work.

Knowledge and skills

The steelmaker must know the technological process of steel smelting, the design and operation of the steel furnace, physical properties and the composition of cast iron and steel, the composition of additional materials and the rules for their use, the basics of electrical engineering. Know how to use the equipment.

It is very important to know the safety precautions in the hot shop and be able to provide first aid.

Salary

Salary as of 24.02.2020

Russia 16000—38550 ₽

Moscow 30000—38000 ₽

steelworker training

The profession of a steelworker can be obtained at a college that trains personnel for metallurgy. To master the initial stage in the profession and become an assistant to a steelworker, it is enough to complete courses that last several months.

APPROVE:

[Job title]

_______________________________

_______________________________

[Name of company]

_______________________________

_______________________/[FULL NAME.]/

"______" _______________ 20___

JOB DESCRIPTION

Handy electric furnace steelworker (first) 4th category

1. General Provisions

1.1. This job description defines and regulates the powers, functional and job responsibilities, rights and responsibilities of an assistant steelworker of an electric furnace (first) of the 4th category [Name of organization in the genitive case] (hereinafter referred to as the Company).

1.2. An assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 4th category is appointed to the position and dismissed from the position in accordance with the procedure established by the current labor legislation by order of the head of the Company.

1.3. The assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) of the 4th category belongs to the category of workers and reports directly to [position title of the immediate supervisor in the dative case] of the Company.

1.4. The assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) of the 4th category is responsible for:

• timely and high-quality performance of tasks for their intended purpose;
• compliance with performance and labor discipline;
• observance of labor safety measures, maintenance of order, compliance with fire safety rules at the work site (workplace) entrusted to him.

1.5. A person who has a secondary vocational education in this specialty and at least 1 year of work experience is appointed to the position of an assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 4th category.

1.6. In practice, an assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 4th category should be guided by:

• local acts and organizational and administrative documents of the Company;
• internal labor regulations;
• rules of labor protection and safety, ensuring industrial sanitation and fire protection;
• instructions, orders, decisions and instructions of the immediate supervisor;
• this job description.

1.7. An assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 4th category must know:

• technological process of smelting various grades of steel and alloys in electric furnaces;
• types of electric furnaces;
• device and principle of operation of electric furnaces;
• fundamentals of electrical engineering.

1.8. During the temporary absence of an assistant steelmaker of the (first) 4th category electric furnace, his duties are assigned to [deputy position].

2. Job responsibilities

The assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) of the 4th category performs the following labor functions:

2.1. Conducting the technological process of smelting steel and alloys in electric furnaces of various types with a capacity of up to 3 tons, building up and installing electrodes, producing a melt under the guidance of an electric furnace steelmaker.

2.2. Cleaning the hearth from the remnants of slag and metal after the release of the melt.

2.3. Filling the furnace and hardfacing the hearth, filling the charge, leveling it after filling, supplying ferroalloys and fluxes to the furnace.

2.4. Downloading slag, mixing metal and monitoring the condition of the electrodes.

2.5. Sampling of metal and slag for chemical analysis.

2.6. Cutting and sealing the outlet and ensuring its good condition.

2.7. Monitoring the condition and preparation of the main chute and funnels for pouring metal into the furnace.

In case of official necessity, an assistant steelworker of an electric furnace (first) of the 4th category may be involved in the performance of duties overtime, in the manner prescribed by law.

3. Rights

An assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 4th category has the right to:

3.1. Get acquainted with the draft decisions of the management of the enterprise relating to its activities.

3.2. Submit proposals for the management to improve the work related to the responsibilities provided for in this job description.

3.3. Report to the immediate supervisor about all the shortcomings in the production activities of the enterprise (its structural divisions) identified in the course of the performance of their duties and make proposals for their elimination.

3.4. Request personally or on behalf of the immediate supervisor from the heads of enterprise departments and specialists information and documents necessary for the performance of their duties.

3.5. Involve specialists from all (individual) structural divisions of the Company in solving the tasks assigned to him (if it is provided for by the regulations on structural divisions, if not, with the permission of the head of the Company).

3.6. Require the management of the enterprise to assist in the performance of their duties and rights.

4. Responsibility and performance evaluation

4.1. The assistant steelworker of the electric furnace (first) of the 4th category bears administrative, disciplinary and material (and in some cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation - and criminal) responsibility for:

4.1.1. Non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of official instructions of the immediate supervisor.

4.1.2. Failure to perform or improper performance of their labor functions and assigned tasks.

4.1.3. Unlawful use of the granted official powers, as well as their use for personal purposes.

4.1.4. Inaccurate information about the status of the work entrusted to him.

4.1.5. Failure to take measures to suppress the identified violations of safety regulations, fire and other rules that pose a threat to the activities of the enterprise and its employees.

4.1.6. Failure to enforce labor discipline.

4.2. The assessment of the work of an assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 4th category is carried out:

4.2.1. Direct supervisor - regularly, in the course of the daily implementation by the employee of his labor functions.

4.2.2. Attestation Commission of the enterprise - periodically, but at least once every two years based on the documented results of the work for the evaluation period.

4.3. The main criterion for evaluating the work of an assistant steelmaker of an electric furnace (first) of the 4th category is the quality, completeness and timeliness of his performance of the tasks provided for in this instruction.

5. Working conditions

5.1. The mode of operation of an assistant steelworker of the (first) 4th category electric furnace is determined in accordance with the internal labor regulations established by the Company.

5.2. In connection with the production need, the assistant steelmaker of the electric furnace (first) of the 4th category is obliged to go on business trips (including local ones).

Acquainted with the instruction ___________ / ____________ / "__" _______ 20__