The difference is a day or a lifetime - why the West does not understand our Victory Day. The difference is a day or a lifetime - why the West does not understand our Victory Day May 9th is Victory Day
Why do we celebrate Victory Day on May 9?
Ken O. Preventive memory correction. Why Victory Day is May 9th?// A business. - 24 Apr. 2004
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So, in the re-signing of the same Reims surrender in Berlin, the same meaning as in the "repeated wedding night" - by popular demand, those who did not have time to attend the "first" relatives.
With a solemn removal of a red-dyed (supposedly only five minutes ago) sheets.
And Stalin canceled the celebration of "Victory Day" correctly (they began to celebrate only under Brezhnev since 1965. Because it is illogical to celebrate while two more countries are at war.
The end of the war comes only as a result of the fact that, after the surrender of one of the parties, an agreement to end the war (on peace) is signed and all the prisoners returned home.
Despite the cessation of hostilities in May 1945, the USSR continued to be at war with Germany (and that is why it had the opportunity to officially keep a lot of German prisoners of war who worked for the USSR for free) right up to 1955.
"The war with Germany was ended only on January 25, 1955, by the adoption by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the corresponding decision" - (http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_Day).
Here is the "relevant solution":
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated January 25, 1955 No. b / n "On the termination of the state of war between the Soviet Union and Germany."
Date of adoption: 01/25/1955
And with Japan, Russia (as the successor of the USSR) is still "fighting" like this ... Since the 45th year, the peace treaty has not been signed.
History has preserved information that our troops hoisted a red flag over the Reichstag in Berlin on May 1. The countdown is from this date, because. the process of negotiating a truce on the part of Germany began, however, I.V. Stalin demanded complete surrender from Germany, so the first act of surrender was signed on May 7, 1945. Our government was not satisfied with the signing of the act by a person who did not have full authority to do so, and therefore, this act was not generally recognized. On May 8, 1945, the second act of complete surrender of Germany was prepared and signed.
Many Western countries prefer to celebrate Victory Day on May 8, because. at the time of the signing of the second act, it was signed May 9, 1945 at 0:43 Moscow time, and in Berlin at that time it was still May 8th. However, accepting the surrender Soviet Union did not sign a peace treaty with Germany, that is, formally remained with Germany in a state of war. As a result, the war with Germany was ended on January 25, 1955 by the publication by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the decree “On the termination of the state of war between the Soviet Union and Germany”, for 10 years after Victory Day, both countries were legally at war.
By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 8, 1945 "On the announcement of May 9 as a Victory Day", it was established that May 9 is the day of national celebration - the VICTORY HOLIDAY. May 9 is considered a non-working day. On that day in Moscow there was a magnificent salute, a grandiose event for those times, about 30 volleys were fired from a thousand anti-aircraft guns, people rejoiced, sang and danced, hugged and remembered those who did not live to see this day, on their faces along with smiles tears of joy glistened.
For reasons of saving funds allocated for the celebration of the Victory Day, the authorities considered, first of all, to direct funding for the restoration of destroyed cities, villages, Agriculture, therefore, in 1947, May 9 was recognized as an ordinary working day. And only in 1965, in honor of the 20th anniversary of the Great Victory, May 9 was officially restored as a public holiday. In all cities of the Soviet Union, festive parades and fireworks, congratulations to war veterans, and concerts in honor of Victory Day were resumed.
Almost 70 years have passed since the end of the Great Patriotic War, we, the new generation, continue to worthily honor the memory of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers who laid down their lives for the sake of our future. Parades, demonstrations of military equipment, laying flowers at memorials and monuments to the soldiers who defended our country from the German invaders are held in all cities. And no matter what date we celebrate Victory Day, the main thing is that we remember and honor those who are for us, our future shed blood on the land of Russia.
On May 8, the whole world celebrates the day of memory and sorrow, and only we celebrate May 9 and Victory Day. This refrain is repeated year after year, and the mass misunderstanding grows stronger. Let's take a closer look at what's what.
Rewriting!
The Germans did not want to surrender to the Russians. And they had good reason: “If the Russians do in Germany one tenth of what we did in Russia, there won’t even be dogs left.” Another thing - the Americans! You can always negotiate with them. Ideally, of course, to agree against the Russians, but for now at least just about ending the war. Well, they declared war in December 1941, they got excited ... who doesn’t happen to!
But Eisenhower said there would be no bargaining.
Only a general surrender, and the German troops on the Eastern Front should not rapidly drape to the Western.
The Germans tried to change the negotiators, but it turned out that it was quite difficult to bring down an American from the position of “do not bargain, you are on the wrong side of the gun”.
On the night of May 6-7, the first act of surrender of Germany was signed in Reims - with a ceasefire at 23:01 on May 8 CET. From the USSR, the document was signed by Major General Ivan Alekseevich Susloparov, a representative of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command under the Allied Command. Without waiting for official information about the signing of the act, Dönitz ordered not to resist the Anglo-Americans and, if possible, break into captivity to the west.
The allies understood that Stalin would not like the text in which the command of the allied expeditionary forces was indicated before the Soviet high command, and this act was signed by the allies of a person not of the same rank as the German one. It was impossible to announce surrender.
“The treaty signed at Reims cannot be canceled, but it cannot be recognized either. Surrender must be committed as the most important historical act and adopted not on the territory of the victors, but where the fascist aggression came from - in Berlin. And not unilaterally, but necessarily by the supreme command of all countries of the anti-Hitler coalition.
The text was revised (the changes were actually minimal), and on the night of May 8-9 - May 8 CET and May 9 Moscow time - they signed the final act of Germany's unconditional surrender.
For political reasons, on behalf of the Allies, it was not Eisenhower who signed the act, but his deputy, Arthur Tedder. From us - Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov.
Even after the signing of the Reims Act, Eisenhower proposed making a joint announcement on May 8, declaring May 9 the day the war ended. But for organizational reasons, Churchill spoke at 15:15 CET on May 8, and on the morning of May 9, Order No. 369 of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief was issued.
On the victorious end of the Great Patriotic War and the unconditional surrender of the German armed forces
For the troops of the Red Army and the Navy
On May 8, 1945, in Berlin, representatives of the High Command signed an act of unconditional surrender of the German armed forces.
Great Patriotic War which the Soviet people waged against the Nazi invaders has been victoriously completed, Germany has been completely defeated.
Comrades of the Red Army, Red Navy, sergeants, foremen, officers of the army and navy, generals, admirals and marshals, I congratulate you on the victorious end of the Great Patriotic War.
In commemoration of the complete victory over Germany, today, May 9, on Victory Day, at 22:00, the capital of our Motherland, Moscow, on behalf of the Motherland, salutes the valiant troops of the Red Army, ships and units Naval Fleet, which won this brilliant victory, with thirty artillery salvos from a thousand guns.
Eternal glory to the heroes who fell in the battles for the freedom and independence of our Motherland!
Long live the victorious Red Army and Navy!
Supreme Commander
Marshal of the Soviet Union
I. STALIN
May 9, 1945"
And so the discrepancy went in one day. Having reduced the situation to one phrase, we get the reason: standard time. Well, the desire of the allies (first of all - England) to announce the Victory at least a day earlier.
Victory or Sorrow?
And why do we celebrate the Victory, and Europe, rather, mourns? Here everything is also very simple. Europe has been heading towards this war since 1918, when they signed the predatory Treaty of Versailles - "Truce for 20 years". Germany was hinted that territorial compensation could be obtained in the East - they say, on this subject, if anything, we will agree. And agreed - in Munich.
And then everything went wrong. Hitler decided that the invasion of the USSR would wait, but it was not worth leaving France and England behind.
France collapsed, England went to the very edge. It's a shame, of course.
Hitler went to the West not for living space. Select "originally German" Alsace and Lorraine, show the whole of Europe who is the boss in the house ... and, in general, that's it. In the East, however, lay the coveted "lebensraum" - living space. It had to be, firstly, conquered, and secondly, cleared of the population. The Ost plan remained in outline - thanks to the Red Army! - but in its various versions it provided for the same thing: the clearing of the inhabited lands from the indigenous population. Having inflicted 70% of losses on the Wehrmacht, the Soviet Union defended the right of all the peoples of the country to exist.
So for us, this is precisely Victory - with a capital letter.
Victory Day is celebrated on May 9 - in 2019 they will celebrate the 74th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War.
Victory Day is a holiday that marks the end of a murderous war that claimed the lives of millions of soldiers and civilians.
The Victory Day will forever remain in history and will always remind of those bloody events and the great defeat of the Nazi troops.
Victory Day
The Great Patriotic War - an integral part of the Second World War (1939-1945), began at dawn on June 22, 1941. On this day, Nazi Germany treacherously attacked the Soviet Union, violating the Soviet-German treaties concluded in 1939.
In the hostilities, which lasted almost four years and became the largest armed clash in the history of mankind, during various periods of the war, from eight to 13 million people fought simultaneously on both sides, from seven to 19 thousand aircraft, from six to 20 thousand tanks and assault guns, from 85 to 165 thousand guns and mortars.
The invaders planned to win a quick victory, but they miscalculated - the Soviet troops exhausted the enemy in bloody battles, forced him to go on the defensive on the entire German-Soviet front, and then inflicted a number of major defeats on the enemy.
Nazi Germany signed the act of unconditional surrender on May 8, 1945 at 22:43 CET (at 00:43, May 9, Moscow time) in the suburbs of Berlin - it entered into force on the same day at 23:01.
The ninth of May, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, was declared the Day of Victory over Nazi Germany and "the day of national triumph."
The first Victory Day was celebrated like no other holiday in modern history. Popular festivities and crowded rallies took place everywhere. Orchestras played in parks and squares of cities and villages, popular theater and film artists, as well as amateur art groups performed.
On this historic day, Joseph Stalin, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, addressed the Soviet people. Late evening
Moscow was lit up by the Victory salute - 30 victorious volleys fired thousands of anti-aircraft guns, which at that time was a grandiose spectacle.
After the Victory salute, dozens of planes over the capital dropped garlands of multi-colored rockets, numerous sparklers flashed on the squares.
Brief history of the holiday
The first Victory Day in history was celebrated in 1945 - on Red Square in Moscow in honor of the victory in the Great Patriotic War on June 24, a military parade was held, hosted by Marshal Georgy Zhukov.
The event that forever went down in world history - the deposition of Nazi banners and standards - they were thrown onto the platform near the Mausoleum, happened precisely at this parade.
Victory Day on May 9 was an official holiday until 1948, then it was abolished for many years, although celebrations dedicated to the victory were held in all settlements of the vast country.
The Victory Day holiday became a non-working day again only in 1965.
The holiday, in the period between 1965-1990, was celebrated on May 9 very widely - the military parades that took place on Victory Day clearly demonstrated the full power of the Soviet army and the latest achievements in the development of military equipment.
Many countries after the collapse of the USSR, including Georgia, continue to celebrate Victory Day on May 9th.
The Victory Day holiday in Russia for several years, after the collapse of the Union, lost its solemn status. Military parades on Victory Day with the participation of military equipment and military aviation on Red Square in Moscow traditionally began to be held on May 9, 1995.
The geography of cities where the holiday is celebrated is gradually becoming wider and wider. Victory Day on May 9 is celebrated especially solemnly in the hero cities of Russia.
European countries celebrate the Victory Day in World War II on May 8, the day on which, according to Central European time, Germany signed the act of surrender.
Joy with tears in your eyes
World War II and the Great Patriotic War are the largest battles in terms of scale and fierceness. It became a tragedy for the inhabitants of many countries of the world, brought human losses unprecedented in history, countless suffering to millions of people.
During the hostilities, which lasted almost four years, 1,710 cities, more than 70,000 villages, 32,000 factories and factories were destroyed in the USSR alone, 98,000 collective farms were looted - the total cost of these destructions was 128 billion dollars.
We know about the war from the stories of the older generation and from history books, but these terrible events were a reality for millions of people. The war brought a lot of grief - millions of soldiers and civilians died.
The Soviet Union lost a total of 25.6 million citizens, according to other sources 29.6 million people. At least 13.7 million people among the victims of the war are civilians.
On Victory Day, wreaths are laid at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, near the Eternal Flame - it burns in memory of the fallen heroes.
By tradition, on Victory Day people visit places where battles took place, monuments of military glory, graves of dead soldiers, where they lay flowers, and also hold rallies and solemn passage of military units.
On Victory Day, veterans, who are becoming less and less every year, gather in the central squares of cities, meet with fellow soldiers, commemorate their fallen comrades.
The memory of the dead, respect for the fearless veterans and pride in their unbearable feat will live in our hearts forever.
Every fifth soldier who fought in the Great Patriotic War was awarded - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to 11,681 soldiers, and 2,532 people are full holders of the Order of Glory.
Material prepared on the basis of open sources
The main myth about Victory Day is that it is a holiday.
The very term "Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War" contains so many absurdities that a separate book can be written about it. Even the term "Great Patriotic War" itself is a propaganda trick of the Soviet government, in which ... Napoleon played a role.
About Napoleon, or rather about the victory over him in the Patriotic War of 1812, Stalin, Molotov, and other Soviet figures of a lower rank were recalled in their famous appeals to the people at the beginning of the war. This was supposed to encourage Soviet citizens (who had been told for many years that the Soviet Union would wage war on foreign territory and with little bloodshed, rescuing European workers and peasants from the heavy capitalist yoke). A comparison with Napoleon in 1941 just begs itself: yes, they retreated, yes, the enemies reached Moscow, but still they snitched on the damned French, so why shouldn’t the Germans snitch, eh, robyaty?...
... The term "Patriotic War" was assigned to the war with Germany rather quickly - however, along with other propaganda terms like "holy war", "people's war" and so on. There is a war, which means that it must be called something after all. The phrase "Patriotic War" was finally staked out about a year after it began - but without the word "Great". For example, in May 1942, the famous Soviet award, the Order of the Patriotic War, was approved. It is easy to see that the word "Great" is missing in the title of the war. It appeared about a year later - mainly for pathos, and also in order not to get confused in terms and to distinguish one Patriotic War from another - the one that was our Bonaparte with Napoleon.
Blogs Viktor ErofeevJust here's the thing. A Patriotic War is a Patriotic War that is being waged on the territory of the fatherland. So it was with the Napoleonic Wars. The French attacked Russia, crossed the border, entered, that is, the territory of the fatherland - the Patriotic War began. But as soon as the French were expelled from the territory of the fatherland, the Patriotic War ended. All point. The fatherland is liberated. Victory. Women shouted "Hurrah" and threw caps into the air.
But the Russian army, having kicked out the remnants of the French beyond its border, did not stop, and went further, eventually taking the capital of France, Paris, together with the allies. But everything that happened after the Russian army crossed its border was not called the "Patriotic War." And it was called "Foreign campaign of the Russian army." This is at least logical: the fatherland was recaptured - the Patriotic War ended. Everything that follows is a foreign campaign, an intervention in a foreign land. So it should be called something else.
If we apply the rather sound logic of the nineteenth century, then the Great Patriotic War ended in the autumn of 1944, when the last German troops were driven out of the pre-war border of the USSR. But Soviet propagandists either had less conscience than their pre-revolutionary counterparts, or such subtleties were alien to them, so the term "Patriotic War" extended to the Red Army's campaign against Berlin. The propagandists were not even embarrassed by the fact that, following the results of the Patriotic War, the fatherland itself became somewhat larger in size (for example, the USSR impudently acquired the primordially German city of Königsberg with its surroundings, which later became the Kaliningrad region). Subtlety, yes.
Okay, we figured out the term "Great Patriotic War". Let's now deal with the date.
Strictly speaking, Victory Day as a holiday was approved in the USSR by a number of official documents and it is rather problematic to get to the bottom of this. The state has the right to appoint any date as any holiday and with any justification - and citizens can only scoff at its illogicality and absurdity (this is approximately what we are doing now). Therefore, I will now tell you the background of this very Victory Day, and you decide for yourself which date is more correct here and why ...
If we apply the rather sound logic of the nineteenth century, then the Great Patriotic War ended in the autumn of 1944, when the last German troops were driven out of the pre-war border of the USSR.
... So, May 1945 is coming. Hitler has been a kaput for several days now. German troops en masse surrender and capitulate, and the vast majority of German soldiers and officers are doing everything possible to surrender not to the Red Army, but to the allies - the Americans, the British and the French. Why - guess for yourself, it's not very difficult.
For several days now, negotiations have been going on with the Germans for their complete surrender. The Germans at first tried to pull the cat by the rubber, but after threats from the commander of the allied forces, Dwight Eisenhower, they left the cat alone and expressed their readiness to sign everything they were offered, including the bill for renting the hall (I'm lying, of course, but the general mood was something like this).
The allies pull out the official representative of the USSR, Major General Susloparov, and put a ballpoint pen into his sweaty palms (I’m lying again, the pen was a fountain pen): sign, they say, it’s time to close the shop, you see - the Germans are sitting warm, you need to take while they give.
Susloparov rushes to the phone to get instructions from Stalin, but "the subscriber is in the zone" and there are no instructions, but the allies are pushing. Fortunately, in the document, which is persistently shoved into Susloparov's hands, there is paragraph number four, which later allows this act to be replaced by another act, so that Susloparov imperceptibly crosses himself in his trousers pocket and signs the document with his free hand.
The act of surrender of Germany was signed on May 7 at 02:41 CET and comes into force on May 8 at 23:01. In fact, it is a victory. The Germans lay down their arms.
But then Susloparov receives an SMS message with a text like "Subscriber Josip Stalin reappeared at the border" (some pseudo-historians insist that SMS messages had not yet been invented in 1945, but I despise and ignore them). furious that the act of surrender was signed by Susloparov, he demands a re-signing of the act - in Berlin, which the Red Army had just drowned in its own blood, and necessarily in the presence of the high command of the allied countries and all German types of troops - ground , aviation and navy. For him, this is not a matter of logic and common sense but only and exclusively prestige.
Blogs Yuri GudymenkoThe Germans agreed to everything and sent their representatives. It didn’t work out so easily with the allies: having learned that Tovarisch Stalin was demanding the signing of a new surrender, Western politicians carefully asked if the aforementioned tovarisch would make any serious changes to the document, or would he just show off?
After reading the new version of the act of surrender, in which not a single more or less serious change was made, Western leaders realized that they did show off. Twisting a finger at their temples, they spat and sent their deputies for re-signing - as if they respected Stalin, but they did not give a special honor to the new capitulation. In the meantime, the deputies and the Germans were gathering in the suburbs of Berlin, where Marshal Zhukov, puffed up with pride, who replaced Susloparov, who had made a mistake in this important matter, was waiting for them with a pen at the ready, in Europe, Sir Winston Churchill and the other heads of the victorious countries (except the USSR, of course) read appeals to to their peoples with joyful news: the war is over, and ended with victory.
Since then, the eighth of May in Europe and America is considered the day of victory over Nazism. And in the USSR, where the first act of surrender is not in favor (Soviet propaganda called it "preliminary" - although this, of course, is a lie), the ninth of May began to be considered the day of victory - when the surrender was announced Soviet people. Although the second, Soviet act of unconditional surrender of Germany is also dated May 8th - although it was signed at the very first hour of May 9th Moscow time (but still the day before - German time). On the same May 8, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On declaring May 9 a holiday of victory" was dated (in other words, there was no victory yet, but there was already an order, yeah).
The act of surrender of Germany was signed on May 7 at 02:41 CET and comes into force on May 8 at 23:01. In fact, it is a victory. The Germans lay down their arms.
In general, something like this, the ninth, and not the eighth of May, became Victory Day in the USSR. At the same time, legally, the war with Germany in May 1945 did not end at all, but it ended a dozen years later, on January 25, 1955, with the adoption of the Decree on the termination of the state of war by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. fighting in Europe then, too, by the way, did not end - the Germans still resisted in some places for more than one week, and many Soviet soldiers died during the May days.
But these are all trifles. The main myth about Victory Day is that it is a holiday. No, I will not once again list the well-known facts about the fact that even under Stalin, the ninth of May became a rather ordinary working day with occasional flashing fireworks, that in twenty years after 1945 solemn parades were never held in the USSR on this day , yes and " St. George ribbons"Of course, no one wore it. I'll tell you about something else.
Imagine that a maniac broke into your house. He managed to hack your mother, your father and one of your children with an ax before you could neutralize him and, with the help of the police, tie him up and bring him to justice. Suppose a maniac was shot. Or he hanged himself in a cell. Or he was given a life sentence, it doesn't matter. Will that day be a holiday for you or not? Will you sing songs every year on this day, rejoicing at a just punishment - or will you remember the children and parents who died at the hands of a maniac? Will this day be a holiday for you?
I think no.
So the eighth of May, as well as the ninth, is not a holiday. And a reason to remember the millions of Ukrainians who died in World War II. About millions, your mother, people from our people, from our land. Millions of living people who have become dead.
The myth that "Victory Day" is a holiday is the biggest myth about this day.
