home Heating

Economic projects of houses. Review of the cheapest heating of a private house. Electric heating systems

Most private houses have an impressive area, and due to the fact that Russia is a non-resort country in which all year round summer reigns, this same area needs to be heated somehow in the winter. For these purposes, there is a whole arsenal of a variety of heating systems, but due to the large volumes, many options hit the pocket hard. If you approach this issue correctly, it turns out that electricity is the most economical way.

Overview of the latest solutions in electrical heating systems

Fortunately, the efficiency of furnaces and boilers in last years increased dramatically, and now you can set the model in the range of 90 to 94 percent, and this can save you a lot of money. If your heater is over 10 years old, you can save money by replacing it with a newer, more efficient model.

One of the first features you should consider is direct venting. Direct-acting furnaces and boilers pipe outside air into a sealed combustion chamber. Direct ventilation provides two significant benefits: it greatly reduces the potential for indoor air pollution, and it also reduces the cold leakage of cold air into the home during the winter.

Heating by electricity can be divided into several categories: spot, general, combined. Below, the varieties and principles of operation of electrical appliances of such a plan are described in detail.

Spot heating with space heaters

The domestic market can offer a huge range in the segment of heating appliances. The pricing policy will allow you to choose models of both economy class and premium units. In order not to get confused in the options, they are divided into subgroups.

You should also choose an electronically ignited heater instead of a pilot light; the former is much more efficient. Be on the lookout for other energy features, including more efficient heat exchangers and condensers. Both will help you save money and reduce fuel use and pollution.

Although more efficient stoves and boilers burn fossil fuels - natural gas, propane or heating oil - they use less fuel than their predecessors and thus produce far less air pollution. They are also tied to existing delivery systems, making installation in an existing home less costly than the other options discussed here.

. Based on the work of needle or x-shaped heating elements.

The body of these devices is mainly made of stainless steel, but there are models that are made of glass or stone. The geometry of the box suggests the presence of holes for air intake at the bottom and a grate for ejection of a hot stream at the top.

Wood is a renewable resource that is widely available. Even in cities and towns, homeowners can find loads of combustible material such as tree trimmings and wood waste. This wood can be used in timbers made from welded steel or cast iron. Some wood boards have a double wall. They often come with a fan that circulates the air around the oven, which is a feature that helps improve their efficiency.

Modern wood stoves are much more efficient and produce much less pollution than their predecessors. Fuel is also plentiful, renewable and fairly inexpensive, but be aware that wood stoves are the most polluting of all renewables.

Such devices are equipped with various sensors and regulators. That provides complete protection against overheating, tipping, short circuits, etc. Some instances have additional privileges: turn-off and turn-on timer, electronic control, touch screen, remote control, moisture protection, dust protection, and more.

Also, the food needs to be cleaned weekly to remove the ash. They can cause burns and house fires if chimney is not cleaned regularly, or the oven is not properly installed. Another major disadvantage of timbers is that they heat up the area. That is, they basically heat the rooms in which they are located. The air in bedrooms and rooms upstairs can remain cold.

Solid fuel heating systems

When shopping for a wood stove, look for the most efficient and clean model. You may need a permit to install a wood stove, and you may also need to hire a professional. If you install your own, be sure to follow the manufacturer's code requirements and suggestions very carefully.

Mounting can be done on the walls, in the plinth area or on the floor with the help of wheels.

Thermal fans. Very comfortable and easy to use, have small dimensions and low weight. The standard power that most fan heaters have is 2 kW, they are enough to heat a small room in just 10 minutes.

The device works thanks to a fan that drives air to a heated coil, which, in turn, heats the flow and transfers it to the room. Such devices have a number of disadvantages, such as: air drying, heats while blowing, high power consumption.

Some wood-based stoves are equipped with a catalytic converter that burns unburned liquids and gases that are released from burning wood. These hydrocarbons contain a significant amount of energy, so burning them can greatly increase the efficiency of a wood stove. Burning gases in a catalytic burner also reduces the buildup of creosote and the risk of fire.

Other wood species have baffles instead of a catalytic converter. Baffles located above the combustion chamber direct unburned gases and liquids back to the fire, where they can burn. To provide more even heat throughout your home, consider installing a wood burning stove that also burns some other fuel, such as natural gas, to provide warmth when you're not at home and can't shoot a fire. Wood stoves usually distribute heat through a duct system, such as in houses heated by booster stoves.

In stores you can find devices with additions in the form of an ionizer, sleep timer,. Such electric heating is the most economical without a boiler.

Infrared heaters. They have a lot of advantages, which ensures comfort during their operation. The excellent directed heat dissipation generated by the infrared emitter will be able to fully warm you not only indoors, but also outdoors.

The design is a concave aluminum reflector with a special heat-repellent coating that concentrates and directs all thermal energy in a certain direction. There are models that have a moving base that provides heating at 90, 180 or 360 degrees.

Although outdoor wood stoves are not as efficient as an indoor stove, many people install them to reduce the risk of a house fire and eliminate the hassle and mess of hauling wood into the house and removing ashes. Outdoor stoves create hot water that circulates underground to your home. Hot water circulates through a heat exchanger in a duct system near an existing stove, from which it is distributed through your home.

One of the most efficient - and least environmentally hazardous - home heating options is a heat pump. They are available in two versions: air source and ground source. Air source heat pumps extract heat from the atmosphere, concentrate the heat using cooling technology, and then distribute the heat through the home, typically through a duct system or through pipes.

Oil heaters. An old acquaintance who managed to warm more than one generation of families. Its ability to heat up more than 100 degrees, while consuming an acceptable amount of energy, has won many fans. The mineral oil that is inside the heater does not expand when heated strongly with a heating element, which increases the operating temperature.

Description of popular models and systems for heating

To fully determine the most profitable models, you need to analyze a whole ton of material on the characteristics and indicators of heat transfer efficiency. Of course, there is on the Internet a large number of TOPs describing the most popular models of heaters in their segment (one of the best TOP 10 electric heaters is presented here), but in fact the choice can be limited. This is done according to the following criteria:

Which option should not be considered?

Ground source heat pumps, also known as geothermal systems, concentrate heat from the ground through pipes sunk about 6 to 8 feet below the surface or into vertically drilled wells that typically run several hundred feet deep.

Heat pumps are powered by electricity, but because they extract free heat directly from the air or the ground, they are extremely efficient. For grounded systems, the ratio is from 1 to. What's more, heat pumps can work in reverse, which cools buildings. That is, in the summer, these systems release heat from buildings and discharge it into the environment. Above ground systems can also be equipped with water heaters, so most household hot water can be acquired using heat from the ground.

Required power;
Mounting method;
Safety protection class;
Required additional features;
Case dimensions;
Design;
The budget for the purchase;

Having made a list, you can easily choose the appropriate option.

Overview of electric boilers for heating private houses: prices for the most popular models

Here is a list of the most popular manufacturers who have distinguished themselves by excellent quality and excellent performance. Heating in a private house with an electric boiler (cost in the table below) is considered an alternative in the absence of a gas main.

Heat pumps do not burn with any fossil fuels, although the electricity that powers them can be generated from coal, natural gas, or even nuclear power plants. Because no fuel is burning in your home, these systems do not create indoor air pollution or cause home fires. While both types of heat pumps are suitable for new and existing buildings, air source heat pumps are much easier and cheaper to install in an existing home.

One common type of air source heat pump that provides both heating and cooling is known as a "mini split", so called because it contains a central outdoor unit and one or more indoor units that provide hot or cold air, depending on the season. These devices are relatively simple and inexpensive to install.

Table of electric boilers

Image	Manufacturer	Number of circuits		power, kWt	Area, m2	price, rub.
	EVAN-S1-3	one		3	25	7 500
	RUSNIT 204	one		4	30	9 600
	Ferroli Zews (Zeus) 6	two		6	60	29 500
	Protherm SKAT 9KR	two		9	90	31 000
	Wespe Heizung W.H. Foreman 8	one		8	80	15 000
	Zota - Econom 7.5	one		7.5	70	10 000
	Vaillant eloBLOCK VE 6		two	6	65	33 000

Heating the house with electricity. The most economical way for you

All explanations about savings will be considered on the example of a two-story house, which has an area of 100 m2.

Grounded systems are more expensive than conventional heating and cooling systems due to the need to dig or drill pipes. However, they are significantly more efficient than air-sourced options and can therefore be more economical in the long run.

How to make economical heating in a private house

One of the easiest and most economical ways to heat a home is with a solar hot air system, which is usually used as a supplementary heat source. solar systems hot air collectors are often mounted on the walls of south-facing houses. In winter, the low-angle sun shines on the collectors and heats them up. If the temperature inside the device reaches 110 degrees Fahrenheit, a small fan kicks in. It draws cool air from the room into and through a collector where the air is heated and then pumped back into the house.

Calculation of the cubic capacity of the room. Having 100 squares, they need to be multiplied by the height of the ceiling, for example, 2.7 meters, it turns out 270 m3. This building has an average degree of insulation, which means that it is necessary to add another 10 percent to the power. Having collected the parameters in a bunch, the following result is obtained (270/20) + 10% \u003d 15 kW
Purchase of equipment. Pipes, taps, fittings, and other nonsense will cost about 30,000 rubles. As for the boiler, assuming that there is no 380V in the house, it is recommended to purchase two electrode boilers, each with a power of 7 kW. The cost of one is on average 15,000 rubles.

Management of the entire system. We'll have to buy an electronic controller, with full stuffing. Scheduling boilers for the week ahead, adjusting the boiler temperature depending on the weather outside, and many other necessary functions. The cost of this miracle of technology is about 10,000 rubles.

Installation costs. Depending on the region of residence, the cost varies, but on average it is 30 percent of the cost of the entire system.
Additional, but not mandatory, power supply. Solar panels with a power of 3 kW will cost you 80,000 rubles.

What happened in the end? The total cost without solar panels is 70,000 rubles. Power consumption is 14 kW / h, for a day of operation of two boilers at a street temperature of -10, consumption will be about 90 kW / day. The cost of a kilowatt of light is 5.38 rubles, which means 90x5.38x30=14526 rubles per month. If we count with installed solar panels, then the amount of expenses will be 11,500 rubles.

One hot air collector heats 500 square feet, giving or taking a little, depending on the amount of sunlight available during the winter and the efficiency of the building. Hot air solar collectors are efficient and fairly inexpensive. If you have good carpentry skills and home building knowledge, they are relatively easy to install. You can even build them yourself - read on. Check the electrical lines and plumbing in the walls before you start, or hire a professional installer.

This is one of hundreds of options for arranging housing with heating, what you choose is up to you.

Note! To understand how to heat a house with electricity economically, you need to know some tricks. One of them is the installation of a three-tariff meter.

Overview of the latest solutions in electrical heating systems

It can be immediately noted that all latest developments very expensive, but they have a good tendency, they quickly pay off.

Collectors can be installed on new or existing homes. Solar hot air systems are low maintenance and durable. They also offer a solid return on investment, making them one of the most cost-effective green heating options. However, before purchasing a system, check with your local installer to determine the size of the system required, expected heat output, and economy. One model from your solar home is equipped with a small solar module that generates electricity to power the home with solar-heated air.

Solar collectors that heat water. Such panels are placed on the roofs of houses from the sunny side. They show themselves very effectively in sunny regions. They have high efficiency and maximum level environmental friendliness. And the downside is the impossibility of operation in the dark. In most cases, they are installed as an alternative source of thermal energy.

Solar systems. Heat pumps that suck heat from environment(air, earth and water), and transfer it to the coolant. An excellent option for heating, but very costly at the initial stage. The equipment takes up a lot of space. Payback period from 2 years.

Infrared film for floors, walls and ceilings. Innovative development. The material is mounted under and plaster of any surface, heats well due to the scale of the covered plane. The downside is the increased consumption of electricity and the fact that the laying of such heating can only be done at the stage interior decoration home under renovation.

Electrode boilers designed for heating a private house (owner reviews and approximate prices are on many forums and websites). A small device in the form of a pipe, heats up water, passing through itself. The coolant must contain salt. Charged particles accelerate to tremendous speed inside the pipe and heat the water with their friction. A very efficient technology. A negative nuance is the discrepancy between the power and the heating area declared by the manufacturer.

conclusions

Heating a house with electricity is the most economical way only if you approach it wisely. By investing more money when installing units, you will save a tidy sum in the future. Moreover, in today's world, where the level of pollution is off scale, the use of environmentally friendly technologies is a very important point both for you and for future generations. Remember this.

Systems from other manufacturers require network power, although their power consumption is quite small. Solar hot water systems are commonly referred to as solar thermal systems. They consist of solar collectors, which are usually installed on the roof of the house, the storage tank and the pipes that connect them. The pumps circulate the coolant - either water or non-toxic antifreeze - through the solar collectors, where it is heated by the sun in the collectors. It is then pumped back to the storage tank, where a heat exchanger transfers the solar heat that collectors have stored for water in another tank.

Heating with electricity in a private house Seems in a simple way maintaining optimal temperature. Indeed, the advantages are obvious - "heat" itself runs through the wires, it does not need to be obtained by burning, it is not necessary to select fuel and spend money, effort and time on delivery.

Hot water is drawn from this tank for domestic use. By adding more solar collectors and installing a larger storage tank, these reliable, economical systems can be used to heat homes. Solar thermal systems can be tied to new or existing radiant floors, hot water or forced air systems, although special high temperature collectors known as evacuated tube collectors must generally be used to create high temperature water for radiant floor heating.

However, convenience does not always come cheap.

Firstly, electricity tariffs have never been small, and secondly, there is always the risk of a power outage, which dictates the creation or permanent availability.

Eventually one has to think about creating a heating system that would combine: savings, efficiency and protection against risks. I already wrote about, today I will talk about electric heating and how to heat it inexpensively a private house electricity.

The use of bimetallic radiators

Solar thermal home heating systems work well in many climates, are quiet, and do not contribute to indoor air pollution. They can be installed in new or existing homes and require little electricity to operate their pumps and electronic controls. Many qualified installers can be found in major cities.

While these systems qualify for federal tax credits and sometimes state or local incentives, they tend to be expensive. Carefully analyze cost effectiveness. One of the main disadvantages of solar thermal heating systems is that they produce excess hot water during the sunniest time of the year. Some homeowners divert this heat to pipes buried in the ground next to the house. Others dump excess heat into a sand pit far from home. Be careful when installing such a system in an area with short winters, because if you end up shedding or diverting extra heat, it won't be a very good investment.

With electric convectors really provide a cheap and efficient heating system. The electric convector is built on the principle of natural air circulation. From the heater, warm air moves upwards, thus stimulating the movement of air inside the room, and ensuring uniform heating.

However, the convector is effective only in warm climates, when frosts do not exceed 10-15 degrees.

pros

To the virtues convectors include the following:

No forced air blowing. Even in the cleanest home, there are solid particles that lie on surfaces. By artificially blowing warm air out of a heater, this dust becomes part of the air we breathe. Natural air circulation is not so active, therefore, dust does not rise into the air.
Small size with sufficient power. The heating elements of convectors heat up quickly, converting electricity into heat with an efficiency of up to 80%. In addition, there is a system of operation in different modes, as well as thermostats that allow you to work not constantly, but only when the air temperature drops.
Mobility, allowing you to move the convector around the room, to places with maximum cold supply.
Opportunity creating a heating system exclusively with the help of convectors or using them as an integral part of a more complex heating system.
Electric heating element does not heat up more than 100 degrees, and the body - 60 degrees. They have an increased level of protection against moisture, which allows the use of the convector in the kitchen and bathrooms.

Minuses

Cons of electric convectors is the installation of heaters in every room of the house. In addition, if you turn them on at the same time, then there is a possibility of exceeding the limits of permissible power.

However, the minuses can be turned into pluses by installing a relay for turning on the heaters in turn.

The relay will allow create a stable temperature in the house, reduce energy costs and stay within power limits. There is one more argument in favor of a system of convectors - they will not fail all at once. Replacing one or two appliances without losing heat is not difficult.

P eat heat from a tubular electric heater to a liquid-based coolant. Usually, water and oil are used as a coolant, sometimes antifreeze. The principle of the device of heaters is the same as that of electric kettles, so they are also called heaters and oil coolers. In fact, this is a boiler placed in a vessel with water.

The efficiency of such devices is quite high, and the heat loss for heating the boiler itself is minimal.

Which to choose

tubular radiator is a thin-walled metal tube with a spiral inside, therefore:

If you do not need particularly high temperatures, then you need to take a heater with carbon steel tubes.
If the device is to output stably high temperature or work in an aggressive environment, then you need to take a device made of stainless steel.

pros

The undoubted advantages of tubular heaters include their safety, reliability of operation and versatility of use.
They can be used in both gaseous and liquid media.
Not explosive, and not afraid of vibrations and shocks.
Tubular heaters are available in a variety of design solutions, which allows you to economically heat a private house with electricity without violating the aesthetics of the interior.

Minuses

However, heating elements have a high cost due to the expensive metals that are used in production. Since scale forms on the tubes, it is necessary.

Inside this boiler there are electrodes that act as a heating element. When current passes through a liquid, heat is released. This means that in electrode boilers there is no actual heating element on which scale could form.

The absence of scale will greatly facilitate operation.

pros

They have great reliability and work much longer than tubular heaters. In addition, they are small in size, which is very convenient for a small residential building.

Minuses

To disadvantages relate high requirements to the liquid used as a coolant. Water must be subjected to special treatment, and antifreeze in general must be exclusive - from the device developer.

Infrared heaters consider the most economical of all electric heaters. They do not need heating elements and pipes with water. Infrared heaters heat objects, not the room. Then the air is heated from the heated objects.

If a tubular heater can be compared to a kettle, then an infrared heater can be compared to a microwave.

Which to choose

Infrared panels are especially popular. They are installed on the ceiling or on the walls of residential and industrial premises. Since the heating area is increased, the room becomes warm faster than usual.

You can use such a panel as an independent source of heating or as an addition to an existing system. The infrared heater goes well with tubular or electrode boilers.

For example, an infrared heater can only be turned on in spring and autumn, when it is too early to turn on the main heating, or when it suddenly gets cold outside.

Instead of a conclusion

However, the cost of equipment must be added to the price of heating, as well as the costs of its maintenance, repairs, fuel, etc.

If we compare electricity bills, firewood, coal, pipes, boilers and other equipment, then we can conclude that heating private electricity is cheaper than solid-state boilers, stoves and other systems alternative to gas heating. However, besides money, there is another argument in favor of electric heating - it is time saving: turn it on, leave it and forget it. The only downside is a sudden power outage.

In continuation, watch a video on how to make cheap heating of a private house with electricity with your own hands. I am also attaching a diagram of such an electric heating: