Sovereign of all Rus'. Ivan III the Great. Presentation. The reign of Ivan the Third. presentation for a history lesson (grade 10) on the topic Vasily's domestic policy 3 presentation

Vasily III

• Accession to the throne
• Foreign policy
• "gathering the lands"
• Domestic politics
• culture
• Personal life
• Death

Accession to the throne

After the death of Ivan III Vasilyevich in October 1505, Vasily III Ivanovich freely ascended the throne, having received, according to his father’s will, the great reign of Moscow, the right to manage the capital and all its income, the right to mint coins, 66 cities and the title of “sovereign of all Rus'”.

Foreign policy

During the reign of Ivan III, the main goal foreign policy country was the unification of northeastern Rus' into a single state. The final formalization of the independence of the Russian state takes place. Dependence on the Horde ends.

"gathering the lands"

Having become the head of state, Vasily III Ivanovich continued his father's policy - "collecting lands", strengthening the grand duke's power and defending the interests of Orthodoxy in Western Rus'.

Domestic politics

In his domestic policy, Vasily III Ivanovich, in order to strengthen the autocracy, fought against the well-born boyars and the feudal opposition. For speaking out against the policy of the Grand Duke in different years many boyars and princes fell into disgrace, and even Metropolitan Varlaam.

culture

The reign of Vasily III Ivanovich was also marked by the rise of Russian culture, the spread of the Moscow style of literary writing, which took a leading place among other regional literatures. At the same time, the architectural appearance of the Moscow Kremlin was formed, which turned into a well-fortified fortress.

Personal life

Vasily III Ivanovich was married twice. His first marriage was arranged by Ivan III Vasilyevich in 1505. Solomoniya Saburova then became his wife. Since this marriage was fruitless, Vasily III Ivanovich, despite the protests of the church, achieved a divorce in 1525. His second wife was Princess Elena Glinskaya, whom he married in 1526. In this marriage, the sons Ivan (the future Ivan IV the Terrible) and the feeble-minded Yuri were born.

Solomonia Soburova

Elena Glinskaya

death

Grand Duke Vasily III Ivanovich died on December 3, 1533. He was buried in the Archangel Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. The dying prince declared his heir to the three-year-old Ivan IV Vasilievich under the regency of Elena Glinskaya.

Elena Glinskaya

Ivan IV

• http://historykratko.ru/kratkaya-biografiya-vasiliya-3
• http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9_III
• www.google.ru/search?q=vasily+3&newwindow=1&rlz=1C1SVED_enRU431&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=5MWsUbWQKNDE4gTO04GoDQ&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1454&bih=726
• http://kremlion.ru/ruviteli/vasily3/

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Ivan 3 Vasilievich ruled the Russian state for 43 years, ruled from 1462 to 1505. He took the title "Grand Duke of All Rus'". Ivan was 22 years old when he shouldered the heavy burden of ruling the Russian lands. www.site

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His father was Vasily 2 the Dark, whose whole life was a struggle for power. Ivan 3 was a cautious and slow man, so he seemed an unsuitable ruler. But in difficult situations he showed willpower and determination. www.site

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As a legacy from his father, he had to solve two significant problems for the country. Continue the policy of unification of Russian lands and throw off the Mongol-Tatar yoke. www.site

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Mr. Veliky Novgorod did not want to submit to the Moscow government. Martha Boretskaya, who was nicknamed Martha Posadnitsa, strove for independence. She led the boyars in the struggle against the Muscovite state. They began to look for allies in this battle in Lithuanian state. Upon learning of this, Ivan 3 organized a campaign against Novgorod. In 1471, a battle took place near the Shelon River, in which the Novgorodians were defeated. The second campaign in 1478 finally secured the annexation of the Novgorod lands. He also annexed the lands along the Ob River, "Great Perm" and Vyatka to the state. In 1485, the troops of Ivan 3 moved to the Tver possessions, and the territory of his former enemy became part of the state. www.site

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Civil strife in the Golden Horde led to its weakening, the state broke up into many small khanates. The remnants of the Golden Horde began to be called the Great Horde. Since 1478, Ivan 3 stopped paying tribute to her. In 1480, Khan Akhmat gathered an army and went to Rus'. Where the river Ugra flows into the Oka, he was waiting for help. The Polish king and at the same time the prince of Lithuania promised to send an army. The Crimean Khan, at that time an ally of Ivan 3, attacked the Lithuanian lands and help did not come. The Khan's cavalry tried to cross the river, but our troops beat off the attempt. In this battle, the Russians used cannons and squeaked, the Mongol-Tatars did not have such weapons. After unsuccessful attempts, Khan Akhmat fled. The Mongol-Tatar yoke was over. www.site

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In 1497, the first set of laws of a single state was adopted. The document secured a single device and management in the country. www.site

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The Boyar Duma is a council under the prince, the highest authority. Members of the Duma controlled certain branches of the state, were governors, governors in cities. Orders appeared - central government bodies. They were ruled by the boyars, and they also solved individual issues. www.site

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A rule was introduced that limited the departure of peasants from the owner. Now it was possible to go to another owner only once a year - within a week before and a week after St. George's Day. The peasants had to pay the elderly owner - the money "for the yard". www.site

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Under Ivan 3, the name Russia and the coat of arms of the country appear - a double-headed eagle. It was borrowed from the Holy Roman Empire. www.site

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Under the prince, active construction of the cathedrals of the Moscow Kremlin began. Assumption and Annunciation Cathedrals were erected. The Faceted Chamber was created to receive guests. These structures are included in the treasury of world culture. www.site

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EPIGRAPH FOR THE LESSON Ivan 111 was the first Russian ruler who occasionally called himself tsar. Richard Pipes... he finished what his father started, and with his power he surpassed all the monarchs in the world. German Ambassador Baron Herberstein Furlova O.I.

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Lesson assignment. "What is the role of the era of Ivan 111 in the history of our state?" Furlova O.I.

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Ivan III, the son of Vasily II the Dark, from childhood knew the hardships and dangers of the life of the grand-ducal family. Vasily II was blinded by his father's opponents and kept in captivity for several years. The boyars loyal to the Grand Duke hid the young Ivan together with his younger brother. Children lived in constant expectation of trouble. But the enemies lured the children out by deceit and imprisoned them in the monastery together with their parents. Little Ivan saw with what difficulties and losses his father regained the throne of the grand duke. Sovereign of All Rus' Furlova O.I.

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Vasily II understood all the dangers of a competitive struggle for power in the Moscow principality. Therefore, he proclaims his eight-year-old son Ivan the Grand Duke and co-ruler of his father. Soon Ivan begins to carry out important military and political assignments. 12-year-old Ivan is already leading a military campaign. The events of an anxious childhood taught Ivan III to be cautious, diplomatic, and, where necessary, to act tough and decisively. Sovereign of All Rus' Furlova O.I.

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Ivan III helped the Pskovites drive out the Germans, and Pskov recognized Moscow's supremacy. As a result of the military campaign against Kazan, a peace treaty was reached on Moscow's terms and the Russian prisoners who were languishing in captivity were released. In 1462, after the death of Vasily the Dark, Ivan III became the sole ruler of the Moscow principality. He annexed Yaroslavl and Rostov to Moscow, distributing their land and villages to the princes. Sovereign of All Rus' Furlova O.I.

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The conquest of Novgorod Volny Novgorod ceased to comply with the terms of the agreement with Moscow and entered into an agreement with the Polish-Lithuanian king Casimir IV. Ivan III, at the head of a large army, captured Novgorod and brutally cracked down on the Novgorodians. Ivan III made 4 military campaigns against Novgorod before the free city recognized Moscow's authority in everything. The famous veche bell, as a symbol of the independence of Novgorod, was removed by order of Ivan III and transported to Moscow. Furlova O.I.

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Since 1472, Ivan stopped paying tribute to the Horde. Khan Akhmat sent his ambassadors to Moscow. In front of the Horde ambassadors and Russian boyars, Ivan tore and trampled on the treaty with the Horde. He declared that he no longer obeyed the khan and would not pay tribute to him. Khan's ambassadors were expelled. In 1480, Khan Akhmat sent a large army to recalcitrant Rus'. Fight against the Horde Furlova O.I.

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“The same summer, the evil-named Tsar Akhmat ... went to Orthodox Christianity, to Rus', to the holy churches and to the Grand Duke, boasting of destroying the holy churches and capturing all Orthodoxy and the Grand Duke himself, as if under Batu Besh (it was).” Chronicle Standing on the Ugra Furlova O.I.

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Ivan III advanced his army towards the enemy. Akhmat led the Horde warriors to the Ugra River. On the opposite bank stood Russian army, preventing the Horde from crossing the river and going to Moscow. For several months the troops stood on the Ugra opposite each other. Standing on the Ugra At this time, Ivan III's ally, the Crimean Khan Mengli-Girey, attacked the lands of the Polish-Lithuanian state, because of which its head, King Casimir IV, could not provide the promised assistance to Khan Akhmat. In addition, Russian detachments sent by Ivan III along the Volga attacked the territory of the Great Horde and ravaged its capital, Saray. Furlova O.I.

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By the end of October, the river began to freeze and the enemy could easily cross over to the other side. The Grand Duke ordered the Russian troops to withdraw from the open field to Borovsk, where in winter conditions the defensive position was more advantageous. Thus ended the yoke of the Golden Horde in Rus', which lasted almost 250 years. The Khan's army was not ready for war in winter, the Horde did not have winter clothes. Akhmat thought that Ivan III had cleared an open field for a decisive battle. Frightened by a general battle, the khan hastily withdrew his troops from the Russian land. Standing on the Ugra Furlova O.I.

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The wife of Ivan III died, and the Grand Duke decided to marry a second time. His new wife was Sophia Paleolog, the niece of the last emperor of Byzantium, Constantine, who died from the sword of the Turkish conquerors. The marriage of the Grand Duke to the last Byzantine princess made it possible to declare Moscow the successor of Byzantium, the center of the Orthodox faith. Ivan III made the Byzantine coat of arms - a double-headed eagle - the emblem of his state, and took the title "Sovereign of All Rus'" for himself. Moscow is the third Rome Furlova O.I.

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Moscow - the third Rome The double-headed eagle was required by the Grand Duke in the last decade of the 15th century. not by chance. By this time, the two-headed bird adorned the seals of the strongest monarchs in Europe - the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire, where there was a division: a seal with a single-headed eagle - royal, with a two-headed - imperial. An active exchange of embassies, the presentation of letters with seals, which depicted the sign of imperial power, convinced the head of the Moscow state that it was the double-headed eagle that indicates the high position of Western emperors. Furlova O.I.

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Raising Moscow, Ivan III emphasized the inheritance of power and from old Russian princes. The Italian architect Aristotle Fioravanti erected a new Assumption Cathedral - the main temple of the Russian state. The construction of the Assumption Cathedral in the Moscow Kremlin was modeled on the cathedral in the city of Vladimir. This symbolized the succession of the power of the Moscow princes from the princes of Vladimir, and through them - from Kyiv. Moscow is the third Rome Furlova O.I.

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Basil III and his time.
Lesson 2

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Plan:
1. Father and son 2. Completion of the unification of Russian lands around Moscow. 3. Relations with Crimea and Kazan 4. Scandalous divorce

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Father (Ivan III) and son Vasily III
According to most historians, Vasily III (1505-1533) as a person and statesman was much inferior to his father Ivan III. It fell to him to complete what his father had begun. IN last years Ivan III's life's concern was to find a worthy wife for his eldest son. He tried to find a bride at the courts of European monarchs. But his efforts were inconsolable. One of the reasons was the religious issue. I had to look for a bride among "my slaves." The choice fell on Solomonia Saburova. In 1505 Ivan died. Vasily III occupied the grand ducal throne.

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Completion of the unification of Russian lands around Moscow.
Basil III inherited the country on the rise. However, the process of gathering Russian lands around Moscow was not completed. Prisoner 1508. The treaty secured for Moscow the lands along the upper Oka, which had previously fallen away from Lithuania and passed under the rule of the Moscow rulers.

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Annexation of Pskov
The crisis in relations between the Pskovites and Moscow arose because of the governor, Prince Ivan Repnya-Obolensky. The prince behaved defiantly and abused his power. The townspeople responded to him with hostility.

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Annexation of Pskov
In 1509, the Prince sent a complaint against the Pskovites to Novgorod. Pskov posadniks arrived there with petitions. Vasily promised to judge everything fairly, but he himself took the side of his man. The sovereign was ready to pardon the petitioners if the Pskovites obeyed and accepted the Moscow order: “I’m sure not to be in Pskov, but to be in Pskov for two governors.” In January 1510, Pskov submitted.

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Annexation of Smolensk and Ryazan
In 1512 a new war with Lithuania began. The main target was Smolensk. Having defeated the enemy in the field, the Moscow rati more than once unsuccessfully approached the city. Finally, in July 1514, Smolensk was taken. The capture of the city was interpreted not as a conquest, but as an association of fellow believers under the rule of an Orthodox sovereign. In 1522, the parties entered into a truce. Smolensk remained part of the Russian state In 1521, the Ryazan principality became part of the Russian state

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Relations with the Crimea and Kazan.
In 1521, the Crimean Khan Mohammed Giray removed the Moscow protege from power, and then organized a large campaign against the Russian state. 1. The outskirts of Moscow were devastated. 2. Vasily III issued a promissory note to the Crimean Khan, according to which he promised to resume the payment of tribute.
Muhammad Giray

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Relations with Crimea and Kazan
But on the way back, Mohammed Giray laid siege to Ryazan and demanded obedience and sent ambassadors with a letter to them. Voivode Ivan Khabar tore up the letter and said that it was not at all. And if Mohammed - Giray does not agree with this - let him try to take the city. Ryazan survived.

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Scandalous divorce
Vasily III had no heirs for a long time. This threatened with disastrous consequences - the internecine struggle of the brothers of the Grand Duke for the throne. The boyars insisted on the divorce of the prince. Solomonia was accused of witchcraft and trimmed as a nun. In January 1526, the wedding of Vasily III and Elena Glinskaya took place

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Elena Glinskaya
In 1530, Elena gave birth to their first child, Ivan, later the younger brother of the heir, Yuri, appeared.

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Cancellation of the specific system.
Vasily made sure that no one dared to encroach on his power. He treated his relatives harshly and sometimes ruthlessly. Having become the prince of Moscow, he first of all ordered to shackle his rival, Dmitry, the grandson, into the “iron”. For a long time without an heir, Vasily forbade his brothers to marry, and without sons, they could not pass on their destinies by inheritance. By the end of the reign of Vasily III, only two inheritances of his younger brothers remained. All this testifies to the withering away of the specific system

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Conclusion:
In Russian history, Vasily III acts as the successor to the work of his father, the great Moscow prince Ivan III. It was under Vasily III that the unification of the lands around Moscow was completed and the construction of a single Russian centralized state continued. Basil also had to wage heavy wars in the West and East, during which the country's international position as an independent and influential state of Eastern Europe was strengthened.

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Homework:
§ 1-2, question no. 3

"Political fragmentation" - Slide number 1. Slide number 5. Political fragmentation in Rus' (XII - early XIII centuries). Managed the court. Slide number 7. Prince On the basis of the contract he led the army in wartime.

"Ivan III" - Internal view. The central part of the interior with the iconostasis. Mosaic of the Imperial Palace of Constantinople, VI century. Ivan III (Notes of Herberstein). George the Victorious). Cathedral of the Assumption (Aristotle Fioravanti, an architect from Bologna, arrived in 1475). Roman emperor Constantine I, founder of Constantinople.

"Monomakh Vladimir" - Life - to the Motherland, Soul - to God, Honor - to no one. A) in Novgorod; B) in Chernihiv; C) in Pereyaslavl. 4. "Charter of V. Monomakh" was written. Integrated lesson on history and literature in the 6th grade. What Monomakh's advice is relevant to this day? Vladimir Monomakh (1053 -1125). Questions on the Teachings: About the life of Vladimir Monomakh.

"Feudal fragmentation in Rus'" - Capital - Chernihiv. Kiev principality. Many cities were built on the territory. Craft and trade developed. The princes had strong squads, often fought with the Polovtsians. Each prince minted his own coin. Ki?vo-Peche?rska la?vra) is one of the first monasteries in Rus'. Causes of feudal fragmentation.

"Moscow and Lithuania" - Dates of the reign of Vasily I. 1410 Moscow, Lithuania and the Horde. The army of the Order consisted of 27 thousand knights, cavalry landsknechts and foot mercenaries. What is the significance of the Battle of Grunwald? Tokhtamysh, Khan of the Golden Horde. Vasily I Dmitrievich and Sofia Vitovtovna. Eastern Europe in the first quarter of the 15th century. Union of Horodil of Lithuania and Poland.

"Creation of a unified Russian state" - Perm -1472. Yugra land 1499 Differences in cultural and folk traditions. Transition to the study of new material. Differences in activity in social and political life. A). Edigei. Rus' between East and West. Differences in lifestyle. Confrontation.

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