Design of waterproofing of underground parts of buildings. How the material is chosen. Waterproofing of the underground part of the building

If waterproofing is not carried out during construction, damage and deformations occur on the finishing layers of soil slabs caused by moisture. The problem can be solved with an additional layer of wet protection. Thus, a continuous air gap is provided between the existing and new floor, which can also be ventilated when reconciling the wall.

Protection of ground plates from moisture emanating from the ground. The dampening layer must be resistant to impact, compression and tear, otherwise it can be easily damaged during construction works for ground plate application. Tracey Smith notes that this is about double the installation speed for the same group of 6-7 people placing sheets of bentonite.

With two levels of parking under the entire campus, it sits along the Salt River on the shores of Temp City Lake. Level ground water is only 30 feet and even in the dry desert, the annual monsoons drop a lot of rain every summer. These were all critical factors in solving Marina Heights waterproofing issues and in the end everyone wins.

Mike Burassa, Senior Project Fellow. A special effort has prompted decision makers to choose - with its superior features and lower installation cost - to be the waterproof product of choice. A highly qualified team was in charge of maintaining the project, making sure the work was delivered on time and on budget.

Tight specs, schedule, and site increase installation pressure. Then there was the installation of a system to prevent water intrusion before the concrete was poured. This meant that the blind application on the entire 20-acre lot had to be waterproofed and done for the first time.

With zero property lines, the excavation had to start right at the edge of the site. However, these concerns paled in comparison to the search for a waterproofing system that could meet the owner's requirements. The performance requirements that the contractor conducts are very clear and there is little technology. Bourassa considered familiar methods and cast the net for more. Options have ranged from admixtures in concrete, to hot and cold liquid membranes, and sheet membranes using bentonite clay are a common choice in the Southwest.

Initially, bentonite was written into the project specification. And there's a quick and easy installation that nearly doubles the square footage per day compared to bentonite. That night, the sky flared up, dropping the rain on the Marina Heights stretch. Contractors may not pour concrete until installation for the blind has been completed.

Smith created a spreadsheet with an estimated schedule of materials needed. Priority review was also a definite plus, says the Ryan Company. Greg did not inspect the substrate before we applied the material and then to make sure the seams were correct.

He will check all the details of the penetration to see that the soil nails have been detailed properly. This new product provides a permanent seal between the membrane and the poured concrete wall or floor. This helps prevent moisture from penetrating the structure and increases resistance to termites, methane and radon.

Primary underground facilities and totals include. Plus a different number of products and system components, for example, for sealing soil around nails, self-adhesive membrane, detailed fabrics, tape, etc. Having a single source provider certainly helped us keep track of product usage, shipping and other details, accelerating progress and staying on schedule,” Smith says.

Strengthening transitions and joints

Structures built under the earth's surface. Components of underground construction, such as architectural planning, construction methods, structural elements and their fastening, and waterproofing and air conditioning, are determined by the purpose and properties of the surrounding rock or earth.

Areas of use. In most industrialized countries, the construction of underground structures is on the rise due to greater savings over surface structures, technical or industrial necessity, urban development conditions, and military considerations. The underground location of structures is advisable in regions with such unfavorable climatic conditions as a sharp decrease in air temperature, hurricane winds, prolonged downpours and mudflows, or in areas with steep terrain. The construction of underground structures has increased significantly in the mining industry.

Underground structures are divided into several groups: transport and hydraulic tunnels; subway; power plants, mainly hydroelectric power plants; warehouses and cold stores; municipal facilities such as pedestrian crossings, garages and municipal canals; tanks for drinking water; oil and gas storage facilities; containers for disposal of hazardous industrial waste; industrial enterprises; medical institutions; and military installations. A special group consists of underground structures of mines located at the bottom of the mine: underground power plants, parking lots, pumping and medical stations.

This group also includes objects that connect surface structures to working surfaces: mine shafts, main drifts and galleries. Underground power plants are more economical to operate than surface ones due to the reduction in the length of water supply lines, volume concrete works and consumption of materials. When a large underground hydroelectric power plant is built, several million cubic meters of rock are removed. Machine shops of power plants have large cross-sections in the hundreds square meters and reach tens and hundreds of meters in length.

Types of waterproofing underground structures

There are three types of underground hydroelectric power plants: terminal, head and intermediate. Thermal and nuclear power plants are also being built underground in Sweden and Switzerland. Underground warehouses are economical because existing mining operations can be placed underneath and because of the stable humidity and temperature and fire protection. In addition, above-ground space is freed up and security is easily maintained. Underground storage can be used to store dead or live storage.

Thanks to live storage, continuous operation and processing of a large daily volume of products and materials. Well-planned large loading docks are essential, as well as direct connections between warehouses and rail facilities. For real-time storage, it is effective to use drifts cut through limestone from the sides of worked-out quarries. The cost of building a warehouse was about 10 percent of the cost of an above-ground cold storage of the same capacity. For dead storage, it is convenient to use worked out mine shafts, using a vertical shaft for access.

The areas under the cities are increasingly developing. Integrated development in large cities promotes the efficient use of above ground areas, helps regulate transportation services, reduces traffic accidents, reduces street noise and air pollution from vehicle emissions, and enhances the aesthetic level of the urban environment.

Urban underground structures have several types. Transport and engineering facilities include pedestrian and road tunnels, car parks and garages, as well as railway terminal installations. Underground facilities in the service sector include shops, cafes, cinemas, exhibition halls, bookstores, archives, cold storage, vegetable storage, and automatic telephone exchanges. Underground industrial and power facilities include machine shops, laboratories, boiler houses and thermal installations.

Among the underground engineering structures are gas and supply lines, boiler houses and heat networks, as well as transformer and gas distribution installations. There are also underground structures for civil defense. Underground structures are an integral part of large cities.

Underground construction frees up most of the usable area of ​​developing regions. Garages, often built on multiple levels, are of particular importance in a municipal underground system. Also promising are the built-in garages in the basement and underground floors. apartment buildings. It is planned to create a unified urban network of underground garages and parking lots in cities such as Stockholm, Paris and Budapest.

Underground storage for petroleum products, natural gas and potable water is larger than aboveground storage and can store up to several million cubic meters of products. Underground tanks are made of concrete, reinforced concrete or metal. When oil and other combustibles are stored underground, the savings from reduced evaporation soon outweigh the extra cost of creating a reservoir. Underground storage is the most effective tool disposal of hazardous industrial waste from the nuclear, chemical and metallurgical industries.

Repositories for such waste are existing brine cavities, abandoned mining operations, and reservoirs built in shale. Industrial waste and water are also pumped down into aquifers that are unusable.

Such underground industrial installations as pumping and compressor stations, blast furnaces and jackets of open-hearth regenerators are built at shallow depths. Underground medical facilities are located in abandoned mines, mainly salt mines. Works with a large cross-section or chambers are adapted for the chambers and doctors' offices. Underground medical facilities are beneficial due to the constant air pressure, humidity and temperature, as well as the absence of bacterial flora, solar radiation and noise.

Inhalation is natural due to saturation environment chemical elements, and the influence magnetic field limited. This creates a microclimate, especially favorable for the treatment of lung diseases. Construction and operation. The method chosen for the construction of an underground structure depends on the depth of the foundation, its structure and the mining conditions of the construction site. Small underground structures are built using open cut and cover methods, as well as prefabrication of covers or in trenches under thixotropic slurries.

Waterproofing of underground structures

Deep underground structures and shallow ones such as subway or municipal canal drainage tunnels are built using the loop or underground method. When the open and close construction method is used, foundation trenches or holes are usually dug. Horizontal transverse reinforcement is used in dry soil and soil with natural moisture content, while reinforced reinforcement is used in unstable, saturated soil. The design in open pits is effective for depths of 7-10 m in ensuring reliable water subsidence.