Abolition of Spetsstroy - bmpd. The abolition of Spetsstroy is a “good thing”
- “I have been working since 2008, but it has never been as bad as it is now. Being a general contractor, the management hires completely left-handed offices, only denoting our presence in front of the customer. Accordingly, all the money ends up in the pockets of the “leftists” and our bosses, while the workers sit at home at their own expense or work on the minimum wage.”
- “I have been working at Spetsstroy since 1985. I have never seen such a disgrace as now. There is a mass reduction of people, and in parallel they accept new ones who are pleasing to the leadership. The management already lacks offices and office equipment.
- "We have been waiting for payment for the work for a year."
- “We worked in the winter from November to March at the Cape Schmidt facility. Complete scam on wages.
- “First, a mass layoff, now a mass dismissal of people from 6 branches of Dalspetsstroy. Wages have doubled."
- “They cut wages by almost three times. How to survive further?
- “How beautiful can you steal money? Very simple. Organize your own production, under the guise of components to import finished products(lights, diesel generator sets, etc.) and resell it to yourself. Great scheme. As for construction, who needs it?
- “Today they turned off the electricity for debts, there is no fuel, since the new year the unknown awaits everyone, and this is a state-owned enterprise.”
- “An organization with branches all over Russia, in which a bunch of thieves and slaves gathered, built a cosmodrome, but there was not enough dough, since it was necessary to build dachas and shops on the territory of Khabarovsk. If a trifle remained, then people were paid salaries. If they didn’t stay, they didn’t pay, explaining to the hard workers that there were financial difficulties at the enterprise.”
Employees of Spetsstroy do not skimp on reviews about the company. Voronezh, Mulino (Nizhny Novgorod Region), Omsk, Plesetsk, Far East, Murmansk Region, Franz Josef Land, Wrangel Island, Cape Schmidt, New Earth... From Moscow to the very outskirts, the state office has earned a reputation as a deceiver. The people who built strategic facilities were reduced to the status of disenfranchised guest workers: sometimes they worked without documents, without money, or even without food and the opportunity to return home. Novaya Gazeta has repeatedly talked about scandals at military construction sites. Spetsstroy, if there was an embarrassment, blamed the contractors for what had happened. They complained that at the suggestion of the customer, who did not pay the bills, they were on the verge of bankruptcy. But in most cases, both sides were good.
Major scandals
After the Omsk tragedy on July 12, 2015, when 24 military personnel died due to the collapse of a section of the barracks of the Airborne Forces training center, the federal center had serious questions about the institution. Not to mention the thunderous story with the Vostochny cosmodrome, which has become a symbol of modern state construction projects: expensive, long and with the use of slave labor.
The whole country learned about the hunger strike of the builders of Vostochny: the object was painfully significant. But this way of knocking out money for military construction workers has become traditional over the past few years. And forced - there is simply nothing. In April, builders of piers for nuclear submarines (Dalspetsstroy under Spetsstroy Rossii) went on strike in Vilyuchinsk, Kamchatka. They were sitting not only without money, but also without electricity: the electricity in their hostel was turned off for non-payment. Earlier, the same office managed to disrupt the deadlines for the takeoff of the main airport in Kamchatka. Soon, a criminal case was opened against the former head of Dalspetsstroy, Yuri Khrizman: he is suspected of misappropriation and embezzlement of 5.16 billion rubles.
But the former deputy director of Spetsstroy, Alexander Buryakov, is charged with fraud in concluding nine subcontracts from the Ministry of Defense for 450 million rubles. Representatives of contracting firms also appear in the criminal case, whose functions, obviously, were limited to issuing kickbacks and sprinkling ashes on their heads when the deadlines for the completion of the next object turned out to be disrupted.
Thus, the deadline for commissioning the runway in Severomorsk-1, Murmansk region, was postponed twice. Last winter, shift workers were no longer imported, the light at the construction site was turned off for debts. Few local workers received a maximum of 10 thousand per month. The contractor, AMD CJSC, called the delay in payments from Spetsstroy as the reason for the collapse. They assured that the opposite was true - AMD did not work out the advance.
Forgotten Watch
The customer and contractors of the famous Arctic construction projects also nodded at each other: 6 military camps and 13 airfields in high latitudes. Now a significant part of them has been commissioned, but the work began only after a scandal in the press. At the end of last year, alarming messages from relatives of workers leaked onto the Web: what's wrong with them? For a long time there was neither a rumor nor a spirit about the workers themselves. The shifts ended a long time ago, but they were not taken to the mainland, the salary came in installments and with huge delays.
Moreover, the contractors at different sites were different, but the problems were the same. Helicopters from the Arctic had to wait a month and a half after the end of the watch, supplies were running out. One of the contractors, RusAlliance Stroy, which received a contract for 3.5 billion rubles without a tender, assured that Spetsstroy was preventing the evacuation of personnel. As a result, the counterparties parted ways, accusing each other of mutual cheating: the military said that RusAlliance did not report on the advance payment spent, and the one that spent its money on the construction site. It took a long time for mutual accusations before the workers were sent to the mainland.
And a year later, the same scandal occurred again - with the participation of another contractor - St. Petersburg AS-Engineering LLC. It received a contract for 6 billion for construction on Novaya Zemlya and on the Golomyanny Island of the archipelago Severnaya Zemlya, as well as for pre-project work in Tiksi.
This fall, after two months without pay, the builders rebelled. The office accused Spetsstroy of stinginess: they say, the real cost of the work is four times higher than the contractual one (not 2 billion, but 8), counter-accusations of dishonesty followed: they did not work out the advance. By the way, another trademark of Spetsstroy in relations with contractors is the issuance of large advances, up to 80%, and the subsequent presentation of claims: they say, the advance has not been worked out, we will not pay more.
Amputation
The autumn story, apparently, became one of the last scandals of Spetsstroy. The decision to liquidate was made after an audit of the office, carried out by the Main Control Directorate of the presidential administration. This means, most likely, that they began to steal quite shamelessly. And budget billions were not enough. Now all the functions of Spetsstroy, as well as the staff of the enterprise and its assets, will be transferred directly to the Ministry of Defense, bypassing "effective managers". By the way, there were quite a few of them: a dozen smaller offices were created at the head office, each of which, in turn, mastered the budgets.
It is too early to judge what will remain after the reform and what results it will give, except for saving the salaries of managers. The only conclusion suggests itself: they could not cure the limb affected by gangrene and decided to amputate it.
It is known that only 11 of the 83 facilities currently being built by Spetsstroy are proceeding according to schedule, and the state of 61 is assessed as critical.
As predicted by "DP", the federal authorities launched a program to reorganize the work of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "", which performs construction work for the Ministry of Defense. Instead of the numerous structures of Spetsstroy, five main directorates will be created by the end of the year to build special facilities in the military districts and in the Northern Fleet. Total number enterprises of Spetsstroy will be reduced by more than 2 times, and the number of employees - by 2 thousand people. At the same time, Spetsstroy will lose all projects that are not related to military secrets. They, according to experts, make up about 30-50% of the company's current portfolio of more than 1 trillion rubles.
This reform will bring order in the work of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise, which in recent years has turned into an intermediary commercial structure "on the sovereign's money," experts say.
Ministry of Defense for reforms
At the disposal of "DP" got Letter from the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation to the President of the Russian Federation, dated January 15. It follows from it that the ministry analyzed the activities of Spetsstroy after the report of the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Dmitry Rogozin on the inefficient work of this organization (). "The analysis showed that Spetsstroy itself fulfilled less than 30% of the contracts received and was an intermediary structure with vague responsibility for the result, quality and timing of work," Sergey Shoigu reports.
To remedy the situation, According to the minister, it was decided to optimize the structure of Spetsstroy. Moreover, the reorganization should take place in the first half of 2016. As a result, only nine out of 18 federal state unitary enterprises will remain from Spetsstroy (see diagram). 24 branches of the enterprise will be reduced. And the total number of personnel will be reduced by 2.1 thousand people - up to 44.3 thousand employees. "This will improve the efficiency of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise," Sergei Shoigu is sure.
Privatization in question
For Spetsstroy they propose to keep functions of the only work executor only in projects related to military secrets. And all other facilities (barracks, dormitories, roads, engineering, etc.) should be removed from the jurisdictional system of the Ministry of Defense and built in accordance with the federal targeted investment program.
According to experts, speech we are talking about contracts worth about 1 trillion rubles, or 30-50% of the current FSUE portfolio. Only in the North-West Spetsstroy may lose control over the budget of 3.5 billion rubles.
Significant market entry a package of government contracts could support the construction industry in a crisis.
But, as follows from materials at the disposal of "DP", the final decision on the corporatization of the enterprises of Spetsstroy has not yet been made. This issue will once again be discussed at the highest level in April this year.
empty maneuver
The press service of Spetsstroy DP's inquiry about the upcoming reform was not answered yesterday. But the interlocutor of "DP" in Spetsstroy said that the employees of the enterprise have known for several months "that some kind of solution is ripening." “Everyone was sure that this time it would work out, because this is not the first time they were dissatisfied with the work of the agency. But since we were talking about big cuts, it didn’t work out. I think they will cut not only the staff, but also the powers. Maybe at least something— then the Spetsstroy system itself will change for the better," the DP interlocutor in Spetsstroy argues.
"The reform of Spetsstroy in the final bill may turn out to be just a budgetary-government maneuver to reduce the number of officials. I’m afraid that in the end they will simply be transferred to another subordination and the restructuring will actually lead to nothing,” says military expert Andrei Frolov. Military observer Alexander Golts agrees with his colleague. According to him, the situation with Spetsstroy is a special case of solving problems "A similar approach was taken with Roskosmos and with the creation of various defense corporations. But there was no result. For its appearance, it is necessary to make the work of Spetsstroy open, and not hide behind state secrets, which are a source of corruption," says Alexander Golts. He recalled that in the United States the military budget is detailed and available to anyone, but in Russia there is no such practice.
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The Federal Agency for Special Construction is being liquidated due to corruption, RBC interlocutors say. A source in the Ministry of Defense claims that all employees of Spetsstroy will be employed
Photo: Maxim Blinov / RIA Novosti
The Federal Agency for Special Construction (Spetsstroy), the liquidation of which on Thursday, December 22, by Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, was implicated in a number of corruption scandals, which led to the abolition of the organization, experts interviewed by RBC believe. The desire to optimize the work of the agency also had an effect.
Instead of Spetsstroy, eight Federal State Unitary Enterprises will be created, which will become part of the armed forces and will be engaged in the construction of military facilities. The agency carried out the whole range construction works in the interests of the Ministry of Defense and executive authorities related to ensuring the country's defense capability. In addition, Spetsstroy was engaged in housing and infrastructure construction for the armed forces.
Expected Solution
The abolition is due to a change in the functionality of Spetsstroy, says Igor Nesterchuk, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration and National Security of the RANEPA. “The new structure will be engaged in defense projects that are classified, and the construction of other facilities related to industry-specific construction, for example, for the space industry, will be under the jurisdiction of specialized structures,” Nesterchuk told RBC.
Andrey Koshkin, an expert at the Association of Military Political Scientists, believes that the decision to liquidate the agency is an attempt to bring the system of special construction out of the corruption impasse.
The reform of Spetsstroy is unlikely to help reduce the corruption component in the system of special construction, military observer Alexander Zhilin told RBC. “I do not believe in this, because the level of corruption in our country has long threatened national security,” the expert said.
AT recent times Spetsstroy was accompanied by a series of corruption scandals, including those related to the construction of the Vostochny cosmodrome. So, in March of this year, it became known that Gazprombank and Roskosmos were to recover 5.1 billion rubles. from Dalspetsstroy, which is part of the structure of the federal agency. At the same time, the Basmanny Court of the founders of the RusAlliance Stroy company, which acted as a subcontractor in the construction of military facilities at Cape Schmidt in the Arctic.
In the same month, on suspicion of taking a bribe in St. Petersburg, there were three employees of the Main Directorate of Special Construction (GUSST) No. 3 under Spetsstroy of Russia. Together with them, one former employee of this enterprise was also detained.
At the end of April, it became known about the ex-head of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Spetsstroytekhnologii under Spetsstroy Vladimir Shamailov and entrepreneur Renat Syamiullina. Both were suspected of commercial bribery. According to the investigation, Syamiullin acted as an intermediary in commercial bribery and received several million rubles for Shamailov from the subcontractor ZAO TMK. The contractor under the contract was supposed to build housing, communications, social facilities for the Vostochny cosmodrome and be engaged in landscaping.
In the autumn, the Federal Antimonopoly Service reported on the failure to meet the deadlines for the implementation of the state defense order by more than 150 billion rubles. Violations were found during the audit of FSUE Spetsstroyengineering, which is subordinate to Spetsstroy. This organization is defined by the government as the sole contractor for construction, design and survey work, works on overhaul and reconstruction of special-purpose objects of the Ministry of Defense.
Last straw
At the end of October, Sergei Shoigu to take unprecedented measures against enterprises that disrupt the state defense order. According to him, "a decision was made to terminate the contracts, return the funds and renegotiate contracts with other enterprises."
As Kommersant wrote with reference to sources close to the Ministry of Defense, Vladimir Putin made the decision to liquidate Spetsstroy following a closed meeting with the leadership of the military department, which took place on November 18.
Now the agency employs 37.6 thousand people, RBC was told in the press service of Spetsstroy. The organization found it difficult to name the exact number of workers employed in the construction of facilities for the Ministry of Defense, but clarified that all 19 Spetsstroy enterprises are somehow related to military construction.
It remains unclear whether the liquidation of Spetsstroy will be accompanied by staff cuts. Sergei Shoigu said that the reform of this structure would make it possible to halve the number of managerial personnel. As a source in the defense department explained to RBC, all employees of the abolished organization will be employed.
At the same time, back in November 2015, Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin, chairman of the supervisory board of Roskosmos, that the agency performs work for only 15-40% of the value of the contracts concluded. Earlier, the interlocutor of RBC, close to the leadership of the FSB, that one of the reasons for the liquidation of the agency was the theft of 200 million rubles. during the construction of three buildings for the Vostochny Mission Control Center.
Position of the Ministry of Defense
The Ministry of Defense believes that Spetsstroy was liquidated due to poor organization of work with subcontractors. This was told to RBC by the director of the department of property relations of the ministry Dmitry Kurakin. Vladimir Putin on the liquidation of Spetsstroy, which was responsible for the construction of the Vostochny cosmodrome and other strategically important facilities, at the end of December 2016.
According to Kurakin, the Federal State Unitary Enterprises subordinated to Spetsstroy carried out only 30% of the construction work for the ministry “on their own”, and in other cases other organizations were involved.
“Then there was a chain of subcontractors, sometimes from five or six links to the final one - the one who went to the site and started pounding piles there. Six intermediate links. Everyone has their own technical supervision, everyone took their percentage. That is, the conclusion is a bad organization, ”Kurakin explained.
Another serious problem in the work of the already liquidated Spetsstroy is “re-contracting”, that is, when the organization’s capabilities turned out to be insufficient to fulfill contracts to the extent that they were concluded, Kurakin says. The agency wanted to build more facilities than the money was allotted for it, he said.
The reason for the "re-contracting" the head of the department calls the budget cuts. At the same time, advances have already been paid for the contracted facilities, and the contractor has already entered the facility and attracted bank loans for this.
The point of view of the military does not contradict the position of the Prosecutor General's Office, said Ilya Shumanov, deputy director general of the Russian division of Transparency International. When it comes to subcontractors who are involved in the implementation of large projects, one must understand that this is “the same stolen money that prosecutors and investigators revealed when they initiated criminal cases,” Shumanov said.
The scheme of embezzlement resorted to by Spetsstroy dilutes responsibility - it can be transferred to contractors, and they do it with their subcontractors, Shumanov emphasized.
“Subcontracts are issued because contractors do not have qualifications, or it is agreed in advance that subcontractors will be structures affiliated with the management of Spetsstroy. Nobody discloses information about subcontractors. It is impossible to find someone who actually did the work,” Shumanov said.
Changing places of terms
In total, prior to liquidation, Spetsstroy owned 19 enterprises (the parent organization and 18 federal state unitary enterprises), which employ about 37.6 thousand people. Now more than 2,000 special and social facilities are being built for the Ministry of Defense. In June 2016, the Accounts Chamber published a report stating that the activities of Spetsstroy in 2015 were unprofitable. The net profit of the agency's enterprises in 2015 was 5.2 times less than in 2014. Moreover, Spetsstroy itself is actively involved in lawsuits: in 2015, the amount of claims against unscrupulous counterparties amounted to about 150 billion rubles.
After the reorganization, the military department agreed to take into its structure eight federal state unitary enterprises, which will be engaged in the construction of military facilities. The rest of the Spetsstroy enterprises will be handed over to the military to other ministries, departments and state corporations, Kommersant wrote.
The ministry will retain those assets that belong directly to Spetsstroy, Kurakin told RBC. We are talking only about our own property and projects: for example, a base in Novorossiysk or the Vostochny cosmodrome. The latter is of interest to the Ministry of Defense "from the point of view of engineering design solutions and implemented construction technologies," Kurakin noted.
The transfer of the management functions of Spetsstroy to the Ministry of Defense gives the department the right to complete financial control over the activities of the Federal State Unitary Enterprises that remained after the reorganization of the agency, said the editor-in-chief of the Arsenal of the Fatherland magazine, reserve colonel Viktor Murakhovsky. “And this means that Spetsstroy will no longer have any autonomy and independence,” he said.
After the abolition of Spetsstroy, problems with the construction of military facilities will still remain, Shumanov believes. The fact that separate federal state unitary enterprises will be created on the basis of Spetsstroy does not actually change anything, he notes. Some people will be transferred to the category of managers of these Federal State Unitary Enterprises, who will perform similar functions, Shumanov explained.
Spetsstroy did not respond to RBC's request.
Why Spetsstroy was abolished.
The New Year's greetings of the director of Spetsstroy of Russia Alexander Volosov, which appeared on the website of the Federal Agency for Special Construction on December 30, were prepared in advance - he spoke about "hard work", solved "important tasks", completed and completed construction projects and wished the enterprises "stability and development".
And on December 29, Vladimir Putin signed a decree on the abolition of Spetsstroy and the transfer of its functions to the Ministry of Defense under the leadership of Sergei Shoigu. Spetsstroy must be liquidated by July 1, 2017.
On the one hand, the administrative resource of Sergei Shoigu increased after this decision. He received control over the financial flows of Spetsstroy enterprises - 150 billion rubles. per year - and a portfolio of construction orders for 1 trillion rubles. On the other hand, in his four years as minister, Sergei Shoigu failed to stop the endless series of corruption scandals that accompanied almost every construction site of the liquidated agency. “Spetsstroy is a very specific organization, a funnel where gigantic sums can fall through,” says Alexander Konovalov, president of the Institute for Strategic Assessments and Analysis. According to him, more than one federal agency has already proved its inefficiency and has been liquidated. “Besides, in Spetsstroy everything is classified, opaque, no one from the outside can come with a check,” adds Pavel Salin, director of the Center for Political Science Research at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.
secret builder
The Agency for Special Construction under the Ministry of Defense has existed under various names since 1951, when a decision was made to build an air defense system around Moscow. “It was created specifically for the construction of strategic secret facilities, was engaged in the construction of shelters for the leadership of the USSR, built command posts for strategic nuclear forces and other objects of important national importance - primarily for the stable control of the armed forces in the event of a nuclear attack,” explains the president of the Academy of Geopolitical problems, retired Colonel-General Leonid Ivashov. Throughout the entire period of its existence, the activities of Spetsstroy only expanded: in 1955, he began to build facilities for the aerospace industry, from the 1960s, to build radio communication systems in the Far East and a road network in the oil fields in the Tyumen region. Spetsstroy was responsible for social and cultural facilities for the military throughout the country and a number of sports and household facilities for the 1980 Olympics in Moscow. A separate service formed outside the Ministry of Defense in 1997 (Rosspetsstroy, then Spetsstroy) fulfilled most of the state order for the restoration of infrastructure in Chechnya. Having in its composition many structural divisions, Spetsstroy is engaged in the construction of housing for the military. He also works on civil orders. So, at the end of 2010, this very structure was at the center of a scandal around one of the contracts in Gelendzhik. Then businessman Sergei Kolesnikov announced that the complex under construction in the village of Praskoveevka on the Black Sea coast, which has been under construction since 2006, is supposedly the future private residence of Prime Minister Vladimir Putin. According to him, it was Spetsstroy who erected the palace on the site of the Tuapse rest home.
Then General of the Army Nikolay Abroskin was in charge of the military construction department. But the Ministry of Defense was headed at that time by Anatoly Serdyukov. “He promoted the idea of outsourcing, as he called, non-core functions for military personnel,” recalls Konstantin Sivkov, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Missile and Artillery Sciences. - It was a veiled form of embezzlement of the state budget. At that time, Spetsstroy got a lot of people who had nothing to do with military service, "effective managers", financiers, lawyers and other public who tried to warm their hands on this.
Spetsstroy in 2011 was headed by an entrepreneur and a former senator from Leningrad region Grigory Naginsky. In the early 1990s, Naginsky created the construction company Titan-2 (now owned by his daughter Elena), and it began to receive large orders from the Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant, also a contractor of which was Spetsstroy.
With the advent of Naginsky, transformations began in Spetsstroy. In fact, the agency ceased to be military. It was subordinate to the Ministry of Defense, but all personnel became civilians. The agency began to enter the civil engineering market as well. According to Grigory Naginsky, the result of the reform was the enlargement of federal state unitary enterprises. 14 legal entities were created instead of the previous 140. Then there was also talk about the subsequent corporatization, preparation for which was planned to be completed in the summer of 2014. But Naginsky failed to do this. The case of Oboronservis and Evgenia Vasilyeva got in the way.
The materials of the investigation featured a suspicious transaction, as a result of which the shares of OJSC 31st State Design Institute for Special Construction (31st GPISS) were sold at a reduced price. One of the buying companies at the time of the transaction was under the control of the former head of the department of property relations of the Ministry of Defense Evgenia Vasilyeva, and the wife and daughter of Grigory Naginsky were co-owners of the second. The Nagin shares were returned, but the new Minister of Defense, Sergei Shoigu, made it clear that he would not tolerate those involved in corruption scandals - not only suspects, but also witnesses.
The delay in the construction of a naval base in Novorossiysk also played against Naginsky (its budget in 2010 prices is 92 billion rubles). The construction of the object was supposed to be completed by 2010, but this did not happen.
Naginsky was fired from Spetsstroy in July 2013. The department was headed by an associate of Sergei Shoigu, who had worked in the structures of the Ministry of Emergency Situations since 1995, Alexander Volosov. “Just as Serdyukov appointed Naginsky to control financial flows, Shoigu brought his man from the Ministry of Emergency Situations to this place,” notes political analyst Stanislav Belkovsky.
hard landing
Volosov could not cope with the problems. The number of corruption scandals, resignations and criminal cases only increased every year.
In the fall of 2015, the then head of the presidential administration, Sergei Ivanov, severely criticized the work of the Federal Agency for disrupting the reconstruction of the airport in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. He called the delay in the delivery of the object complete carelessness, irresponsibility and uniform disgrace. The work was carried out within the framework of the Federal Target Program “Economic and social development East and the Baikal region for the period up to 2018”, the total amount of funding from the federal budget exceeded 12 billion rubles. The airport was supposed to be handed over back in 2014. Ivanov said that representatives of the agency gave “standard arguments”: “They chose a subcontractor - it was the same on Vostochny, he went bankrupt: money bye-bye, head bo-bo. They filed a lawsuit. Well, filed, what's the point? Where is the money, Zin? Spetsstroy promised to complete all work by May 2016. But the airport was commissioned only at the end of last year.
The construction of a strategic facility at Cape Schmidt in the autumn of 2015 was also almost in jeopardy. The military base on the northern coast of Chukotka has existed since 1954, and new construction there was launched at the end of 2014. Spetsstroy took Rusalyans Stroy LLC as a subcontractor and transferred more than 3.2 billion rubles to it. But the work was not done, and the money disappeared. The situation led to a conflict: "Rusalliance Stroy" publicly accused the leadership of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "GUIR No. 2 at Spetsstroy of Russia" of wasting budget funds. Military builders responded with mutual accusations. According to the database of the Kartoteka.ru service, the founders of Rusalliance Stroy are Dmitry Bushmanov and Alexei Eckert. In the spring of last year, they were arrested and are accused by the RF Investigative Committee of organizing embezzlement on an especially large scale. In the database of arbitration courts, you can find several dozen lawsuits filed against Rusalliance System. Basically, the claims come from GUIR No. 2: it expects to recover from merchants 2 billion rubles that were spent for purposes not stipulated by the contract, to return 332 million rubles spent on improper fulfillment of obligations for the lease of the Admiral Makarov icebreaker, to sue the advance in in the amount of 232 million rubles. Another article of the Criminal Code related to non-payment of wages to employees was added to the fraud charges.
Back in October 2015, GUIR No. 2 terminated the subcontract with RusallianceStroy. Then it cost the position of the head of GUIR No. 2 Oleg Sirazetdinov.
In March 2016, the Main Investigative Directorate of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation for St. Petersburg opened four criminal cases against employees of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “GUSST No. 3 at Spetsstroy of Russia”. GUSST No. 3 is a contractor for the construction of facilities in 11 regions of Russia by order of the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Roskosmos, Rosatom, as well as the authorities of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District.
In August last year, Deputy Director of Spetsstroy Alexander Buryakov was detained, accused of embezzling 450 million rubles. during the construction and reconstruction of nine facilities of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. We are talking, in particular, about facilities on the islands of Iturup and Kunashir, where Spetsstroy built military positions, training grounds, storage areas for ammunition and equipment. In November 2016, he was arrested in the same case former first Deputy Director of Spetsstroy Alexander Zagorulko. He was the right hand of Alexander Volosov - since 1995 they worked together in the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Zagorulko came to Spetsstroy in August 2013 at the invitation of the same Volosov and first became acting. deputy director, then was promoted to acting. first deputy director, and in August 2014, by presidential decree, he was approved in this position. Being a military builder by education, Zagorulko oversaw a wide range of issues and actually replaced Alexander Volosov at many meetings.
cosmic scale
The largest construction recent years for Spetsstroy was the Vostochny cosmodrome. Naturally, he had the most problems. Over the past three years, Vostochny's main contractor, FSUE Dalspetsstroy, a structural subdivision of Spetsstroy, has already had its third leader. The two previous ones left in connection with the claims of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation and initiated criminal cases related to theft during the construction of the cosmodrome. The total damage from fraud during the construction of a strategic facility is estimated at least 8 billion rubles. More than 20 criminal cases have been initiated based on the materials of inspections, and at least 10 more cases are being processed. According to an audit conducted by the Accounts Chamber in 2014, Roskosmos committed financial violations by 92.9 billion rubles during the construction of the cosmodrome, and the estimated cost of construction was overstated by 20%.
On October 30, 2014, the Investigative Committee filed charges under Part 4 of Art. 160 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (“Theft of another's property entrusted to the guilty, committed by a group of persons on an especially large scale”) to the ex-head of Dalspetsstroy Yuri Khrizman. And on November 30, within the framework of the same case, the Basmanny Court of Moscow authorized the arrest of the former accountant of Dalspetsstroy, Vladimir Ashikhmin. The main reason for initiating a criminal case was precisely the results of audits by the Accounts Chamber. According to the investigation, the general contractor used for other purposes part of the advance funds under 11 state contracts during the construction of the cosmodrome facilities. Thus, the budget for the construction of Vostochny received less than 5.2 billion rubles. The term of arrest of Khrizman and Ashikhmin has been extended until April 12, 2017.
In April 2016, the former head of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Spetsstroytekhnologii under Spetsstroy of Russia Vladimir Shamailov and businessman Renat Syamiullin were taken into custody. They are suspected of commercial bribery.
At the end of last year, the Simonovsky District Court of Moscow began considering another criminal case of embezzlement in the East. In the dock are the former general director of the Volga-Vyatka Construction Company (VVSK) Yevgenia Degtyareva, her father Sergei Degtyarev, whom the investigation considers the actual owner of the company, as well as former managers of the company Alexander Bazankov and Murat Matuev. They are accused of fraud and money laundering.
In August 2013, the construction company VIP-Stroyengineering became the winner of two competitions and received contracts from FSUE Spetsstroytekhnologii and FSUE GUSST No. 1 at Spetsstroy of Russia for the construction of roads to the Vostochny cosmodrome, residential buildings, schools and child care facilities in the Uglegorsk, Amur Region (now Tsiolkovsky). For the next two years, the customer transferred budget funds to the accounts of VIP-Stroyengineering in parts for a total amount of about 2.5 billion rubles.
Investigators believe that the owners and managers of VVSK and its subsidiaries used the money received from the budget not to build spaceport facilities, but to pay off the company's debts. In particular, VVSK transferred over 700 million rubles. to the accounts of the capital construction department of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, for which VIP-Stroyengineering was supposed to build housing in Moscow and Sochi. The advance payment has been received, but the facilities have not yet been completed. In addition, the arbitration court ordered VIP-Stroyengineering to pay more than 300 million rubles to the Ministry of Emergency Situations. for another unfinished - a branch of the All-Russian Center for Emergency and Radiation Medicine. A.M. Nikiforov in Krasnoyarsk. According to investigators, Degtyarev budget funds not only paid off his debts, but also provided loans to affiliated companies. For example, Atmosfera LLC and Elitstroy LLC, under the guise of an interest-bearing loan, received 11.5 million rubles from VIP-Stroyengineering. to conduct commercial activities. Another structure, Land Yug LLC, was transferred 14.5 million rubles on the basis of a loan agreement. According to Kartoteka.ru, until February 2016, the co-owner of this company was the son of Sergei Degtyarev Gleb. Another co-owner of Land Yuga is businessman Pyotr Seleznev, who, through several companies, such as Softbank Group, SB Engineering and Gefest Technology Group, is associated with Dmitry Sergeev's construction corporation Gefest. It builds and invests in infrastructure projects and real estate in Russia and abroad. In particular, it is building a nuclear power plant in Kursk and a 30-hectare greenhouse complex in the Belgorod Region, as well as housing in Reutov near Moscow, is expanding the Panama Canal, and even intends to take part in the construction of the Central Ring Road. The consolidated revenue of Gefest in 2014, according to its own data, exceeded 52 billion rubles.
"VIP-Stroyengineering" - "daughter" of VVSK. "VVSK's customers are key departmental structures, such as the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Federal Agency for the Development of the State Border of the Russian Federation (Rosgranitsa, liquidated in November 2016), Spetsstroy of Russia, as well as state-owned companies such as MRSK and Transneft," the company's website says. . In 2011, the turnover of VVSK amounted to about 4 billion rubles. But the investigation concluded that Degtyarev and his accomplices fraudulently stole 1.363 billion rubles allocated by VIP-Stroyengineering. They are also charged with the legalization of these funds. On November 23, the Simonovsky Court extended until May 10, 2017, the term for the arrest of the Degtyarevs.
At the end of 2016, the Prosecutor General's Office sent materials to the military court against Andrey Yartsev, the former head of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Spetsstroyservice" at Spetsstroy of Russia, accused of embezzling almost 1.2 billion rubles. during the construction of the Vostochny cosmodrome.
It is difficult to estimate how much financial claims against Spetsstroy and its contractors will increase. In October last year, the Federal Antimonopoly Service found out that Spetsstroyengineering failed to meet the deadlines for completing work under government contracts totaling more than 150 billion rubles. The Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation initiated criminal cases on the facts of non-payment of wages to builders on Vostochny, the management of Roskosmos complained about the unsatisfactory quality of work, and the Ministry of Construction complained about the low financial discipline of the general contractor. The General Staff of the Armed Forces was also dissatisfied with the work, where they claimed that the backlog from the work schedule was recorded at 72 out of 83 military facilities. “Until recently, Spetsstroy was considered a reliable contractor for the most unique work,” says Igor Korotchenko, editor-in-chief of the National Defense magazine. “The reason for today's problems lies in the fact that the leaders of the organization could not meet those high requirements and lowered them in relation to themselves and contractors.” According to him, the scale of corruption during the construction of the East was huge. “Spetsstroy began to behave like a state within a state. It degraded and had to be liquidated,” the expert states. According to the results of an audit initiated by Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin in 2015, it turned out that the agency performs work for only 15-40% of the value of the contracts concluded. Thus, more than 250 companies were involved in the construction of Vostochny, many of which did not have the necessary competencies or equipment. Then the Ministry of Defense began the reform of Spetsstroy, which involved the liquidation of about half of the 18 Federal State Unitary Enterprises. But the situation only worsened - and at a November meeting with Vladimir Putin, a decision was made to liquidate the agency.
Accession
Instead of Spetsstroy, eight Federal State Unitary Enterprises will be created, which will become part of the armed forces and will be engaged in the construction of military facilities. Thus, all functions for the construction of facilities that ensure the country's defense capability will be closed directly to the Ministry of Defense, which will get the agency's assets. By March 1, 2017, Deputy Minister of Defense for Finance Tatiana Shevtsova and Deputy Minister for Logistics Dmitry Bulgakov will have to organize the transfer of budget allocations and material and technical means from Spetsstroy to the Ministry of Defense. Timur Ivanov, Deputy Minister of Defense for quartering, will provide preparations for the liquidation and transfer of the functions of Spetsstroy to the Ministry of Defense.
He came to the Ministry of Defense in April 2016 to replace Alexei Dyumin, who had left for the governorship of the Tula region. Ivanov is the youngest deputy to Shoigu. Born in 1975 in Moscow, he graduated from the Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics of Moscow State University with a degree in Applied Mathematics. In 1997-1999 held senior positions in commercial organizations. In 1999, he became an adviser to the head of the department for the construction of nuclear facilities of the Ministry of atomic energy, then he was an adviser to the first deputy head of Rosenergoatom, later he took the chair of the first vice president of Atomstroyexport, from where he left for the post of deputy chairman of the board of Inter RAO UES. In 2009-2012 was the general director of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Russian Energy Agency" of the Ministry of Energy of Russia. He was a member of the working group of the government commission on energy efficiency in the fuel and energy complex.
Timur Ivanov became close to Sergei Shoigu during his tenure as Deputy Prime Minister of the Moscow Region in 2012, when Shoigu was in charge of the region. Ivanov was appointed general director of Oboronstroy (a subsidiary of Defense Ministry-owned JSC Garrison) when Shoigu became defense minister. Having completed several important assignments, he earned the trust of the minister. For example, under Ivanov, Oboronstroy settled a difficult situation with the construction company SU-155, which violated the deadlines for the delivery of residential buildings for military personnel, in 2014 built the Sevastopol Presidential Cadet School in three months, quickly completed the construction of Patriot Park, at the opening attended by Vladimir Putin. This was in 2015. A little later, Putin awarded him the title of Honored Builder of the Russian Federation. Now it is Timur Ivanov who will oversee the work of the units that the Ministry of Defense will receive from Spetsstroy. In the near future, the ministry will assess whether it needs all 18 Federal State Unitary Enterprises and seven headquarters of Spetsstroy. It is possible that certain assets will be transferred to other federal agencies, such as the Ministry of Construction. “As Minister of Defense, Shoigu began to take control of huge subordinate structures, but it is obvious that it is impossible to cope with such a monster as Spetsstroy without replacing the entire leadership of the organization,” notes Nikolai Petrov, professor at the Higher School of Economics. “Now the reorganization will be carried out under the full control of the minister, and this is positive for Shoigu.”
Spetsstroy has already cut off oxygen. Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin, who oversees the construction of the Vostochny cosmodrome in the government, instructed Roscosmos to directly, without Spetsstroy, conclude contracts with contractors. The Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Center for the Operation of Ground-Based Space Infrastructure" (TsENKI), which will complete the construction of the launch and technical complexes, as well as water intake facilities to ensure launches in 2017. “The admission of employees of the former general contractor has been terminated,” said Andrey Okhlopkov, Deputy General Director for Technological Development of the Ground-based Space Infrastructure of TsENKI. This enterprise specializes in the creation of ground-based space infrastructure and manages Russian spaceports.
Who was abolished
Federal Agency for Special Construction (Spetsstroy)
Federal Drug Control Service
The Federal Migration Service
Federal Service for Financial and Budgetary Supervision (Rosfinnadzor)
Abolished on February 2, 2016. The service was attached to the Federal Treasury, functions
currency control were transferred to the Federal Tax Service and the Federal Customs Service.
Federal Agency for the Development of the State Border of the Russian Federation (Rosgranitsa)
Federal Space Agency
Federal Tariff Service
Federal Agency for the Supply of Arms (Rosoboronpostavka)
It was liquidated on September 8, 2014. The functions were transferred to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Defense, the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Drug Control Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation.
Federal Service for Defense Order (Rosoboronzakaz)
It was liquidated on September 8, 2014. The functions were transferred by the government of the Russian Federation to the federal departments, whose activities it manages.
Federal Service for Financial Markets
liquidated on September 1, 2013. Powers transferred to the Bank of Russia.
