4 parts of the world title. How many continents on earth and their names. Indian Ocean interesting facts

To understand the concepts a bit...

Continents and parts of the world. What is the difference between these concepts? Let's open the encyclopedia and try to figure it out. Mainland and continent (as the book says) are one and the same.

If you start looking for what a continent is, you will see the inscription "see the mainland." So the mainland is the largest array earth's crust, most of which is above sea level, and its peripheral half is located below sea level. About 200 million years ago (at the beginning of the Mesozoic) they were all a single megacontinent Pangea. Then there was a split, and as a result of the drift, the continents took their current position. Today they occupy 29% of the total earth's surface. The parts of the world are the land regions of the Earth. They include the continents or most of them with nearby islands. For example, Eurasia contains two parts of the world - Asia and, accordingly, Europe. Currently, there are six continents on our planet: South America, North America, Australia, Africa, Antarctica, Eurasia. Parts of the world: Antarctica, Africa, Australia along with Oceania, Arctic, Asia, America, Europe. And if the continents are an objective reality, then parts of the world are a concept that has developed historically. These values ​​were introduced by people, as was the division into the New and Old Worlds.

The largest part of the world is Asia

The most extensive part of the world is Asia, which is located on the continent of Eurasia. Its area is 44 million square kilometers, which is 4 times more than Europe.
It was in Asia that all the world's religions and most of the ancient civilizations originated. The diversity of nature and geographical conditions this part of the world developed diligence and patience in its natives, and also contributed to their large numbers. Nature in Asia is characterized by a variety of manifestations. On its territory there are mountain ranges (Tien Shan, Himalayas and Caucasus), huge deserts (Karakum, Gobi and Arabian), endless steppes of Mongolia, jungles of Laos, India and Vietnam, impenetrable taiga in Siberia and volcanic Pacific islands. And at the same time, only 1/6 of it is suitable for housing, although this is an average figure for our planet. Another inconvenience for living in this part of the world is delivered by monsoons. They blow with a clear seasonal direction. In summer, winds come only from the sea, bringing heavy rainfall. In winter, their direction changes dramatically, causing droughts. And since Asia borders on the Pacific Ocean, it, like no other part of the world, is subject to huge fluctuations in humidity.

Why is Asia called Asia

Asia is an Assyrian word that translates as "sunrise". But among the Assyrians, this expression was a kind of vernacular until the moment when it fell into the use of the Greeks, who made it the name of a part of the world. Everything east of Europe and closer to sunrise, they began to call Asia. And when a series of great geographical discoveries began, it was the word "Asia" that they decided to use to name the vast lands that are closer to sunrise. The name "Europe" comes from ancient Greek myths. There was once a beautiful earthly woman named Europe, who later became the wife of the Cretan king, and the inhabitants of this country began to call their native land Europe. But historians suggest that the word is Assyrian and means "sunset".

At school, I really liked to study the geography of continents and oceans. It has always been interesting, but how do people live on other continents, what is interesting there and what is there that we do not have. Now I have traveled a bit in different parts of the world and I can say that there is some kind of zest on every continent.

How are continents different from parts of the world?

First you need to figure out what is the mainland. As a child, I called them giant islands, which is approximately how it turns out, because the continents are completely surrounded by water (one can consider Africa an exception, which is separated from Europe by an artificially dug channel). A continent should be understood as a giant piece of land.

With parts of the world, everything is also extremely clear. These are vast territories that have some kind of peculiarity, but are not necessarily surrounded on all sides by water. For example, they share Asia and Europe, these two parts of the world have a lot of differences, although they share one continent. Parts of the world can be distinguished for similar climatic conditions, they can also be distinguished due to certain historical factors, for example: Western Europe.

Some people manage to confuse these two concepts, but they have many different differences between them.

How many parts of the world are on the planet

If everything is simple with the continents, there are only six of them, then with parts of the world things are much more complicated. It is unlikely that it will be possible to give an absolutely exact answer to this question, and this is all because different sources emit different amounts of parts of the world. Common ones are:

• Europe;
• Asia;
• America;
• Oceania.

Also popular is the division into Old light(which includes Eurasia and Africa, these are the continents that were known before the discovery of America) and the New World, which includes those continents that were discovered at the time Late Middle Ages.

The same Europe is also usually divided into several parts of the world, for example, Western Europe, Eastern, Central. With Asia, the situation is about the same.

Some parts of the world are named after the continent where they are located, such as Africa and Antarctica, Australia can also be added here.

Very often you can hear in everyday conversations how the mainland is called the concept of "part of the world." Is it correct? Are these terms related or are they synonymous? Let's find out!

Part of the world are land regions, which include both the continents themselves and adjacent islands.

In total, six parts of the world are known, including Australia and Oceania, America, Asia, Europe, Africa, and Antarctica. As you know, there is one continent Eurasia, and so it unites two parts of the world - Europe and Asia. As for America, the situation is reversed here, because this part of the world unites two continents - South America and North America.

The concepts of "part of the world" and "mainland" are also distinguished by another feature. The division into continents, as you know, is carried out according to the principle of separation by water space, but the division into parts of the world carries, rather, a cultural and historical aspect.

It is worth noting that the division into parts of the world should not be confused with the "New" and "Old" world. The "Old" world is called the continents that were known to science before the discoveries of Columbus, and the "New", respectively, after the era geographical discoveries.

Six parts of the world.
These are Europe, Asia, America, Africa, Australia and Antarctica.

Most of the land is located north of the equator.
Here is Europe, Asia, North America and half of Africa.
The southern hemisphere contains southern Africa, South America, Antarctica and Australia.
The highest part of the world is Antarctica. Its average height above sea level is 2040 meters.
The lowest is Europe. Its height above sea level is approximately 300 meters.
All the largest peaks of the Earth are in Asia.
It is here, for example, that the most high mountains The lands are the Himalayas with the highest peak in the world, Chomolung (Everest), whose height is 8848 meters above sea level.

The surface of the Earth is also usually divided into continents.
There are also six continents - Eurasia, Africa, South America, North America, Antarctica and Australia.
As you may have noticed, there is a slight difference here.
Two parts of the world - Europe and Asia - unite Eurasia into a single continent.
Part of the world America, on the contrary, is divided into two continents - North and South America.

Once, a very long time ago, all the continents made up one continent - Pandeya.

The largest continent is Eurasia. It is located in the Eastern Hemisphere of the Earth.
On its territory there are two parts of the world - Europe and Asia.

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Africa is the second largest continent on Earth.
The continents of North and South America are located in the Western Hemisphere.
They will be connected by the narrow Isthmus of Panama, thus creating one mainland.
Australia is the smallest continent located in the hot zone of the Southern Hemisphere.

total area of all continents is 139 million square kilometers.
The remaining 10 million square kilometers of land are islands in the seas and oceans.

§ 15. Continents and oceans - Vakhrushev, grade 2, workbook

1. Determine from the maps in which hemisphere lies the main part of each continent. The hemispheres are designated by the first letters of their names: C or Yu, B or 3.

2. Answer the questions.

What continent are the two parts of the world on?
Mainland: Eurasia (Europe and Asia)

What part of the world unites two continents?
Part of the world: America (North America and South America)

On which continent or ocean are the Earth's poles located?
North Pole: Arctic Ocean
South Pole: Antarctica

What ocean is between Asia and America?
Pacific Ocean

What ocean is located between Asia, America and Australia?

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Pacific Ocean

3. Solve the crossword puzzle and explain the meaning of the word in the box.

Mainland- it's a huge area sushi, surrounded by water.

4. You and your desk mate go on a flight. The starting point is the home school. One of you will be the pilot: he chooses the direction of flight and writes it down in a table. Another writes down the name of the continent or ocean under the wing. Then you switch roles and continue your journey without flying anywhere twice.

Man began to divide the land into regions from time immemorial. With the development of large territories, it became necessary to designate them for a better understanding of land ownership. Parts of the world are large areas of land that include continents or large parts of them, including nearby islands. They are connected with the historical development of society, and are not equivalent.

How many and what parts of the world are there on Earth?

Divide land into different regions began in antiquity. In those days, three parts of the world were known: Europe, Asia and Africa, also called the Old World. During the period of great geographical discoveries, three more areas were mastered, including America, Australia and Antarctica, also called the New World. Thus, today the world is usually divided into six parts of the world. Some of them territorially coincide with the continents, and the Eurasian continent is divided into two large parts.

Australia and Oceania

Australia and Oceania on the map

At the same time, it is the smallest continent and part of the Earth, with an area of ​​7.6 million km². The federal state of Australia includes 6 states. More than 24 million people live here, the population density is very low.

The region is made up of islands and atolls. pacific ocean. Their total area is 1.24 million km². Oceania includes more than 10 independent countries and about 30 territories dependent on other states. The population exceeds 10 million people.

Asia

Asia on the map

It is located in the eastern part of Eurasia and ranks first among all parts of the world both in terms of area and population. The area of ​​the territory is about 44.58 million km². The natural boundary between Europe and Asia is Ural mountains. There are about 50 countries in Asia. More than 4 billion people live here, the ethnic composition of which is very diverse.

America

America on the map

America consists of two continents located in and hemispheres. The total area is 42.55 million km². There are 36 states and 17 independent territories in America. The population is about 1 billion people, most of which live in Latin America.

Antarctica

Antarctica on the map

It occupies the territory of the same continent. This part of the world was discovered in 1820. The area of ​​Antarctica is 14.11 million km². There is no permanent population, and the temporary population is up to 5,000 thousand people. The land does not belong to any state. According to the international treaty of 1959, the territory is demilitarized. There are several polar stations on the continent, belonging to different countries. They conduct exclusively scientific activities.

Africa

Africa on the map

Another part of the world known since antiquity is. The ancient Greeks called it Libya. The size of this part of the world is approximately 30.3 million km². It is located in the southern and northern hemispheres of the Earth, passes through the territory of the continent. Africa is the cradle of mankind. Today there are 54 states in which 1.1 billion people live.

Europe

Europe on the map

Europe lies in the western part of the Eurasian continent, its area is 10.18 million km². Numerous large islands and peninsulas adjoin it. Today Europe is the largest political and cultural center of the Earth. There are 43 states on its territory. Part of the world is characterized by a high population density. About 10% of the world's population lives here.

How are parts of the world different from continents?

By the mainland is meant a huge part of the land, surrounded on all sides and. In different historical times, the number of continents was not the same. The division into continents is due to geographical and geological features. Parts of the world include the continents or part of them. These also include the islands closest to the continents. The division of land into parts of the world is associated with historical and cultural events.

Parts of the world and oceans

Europe is washed by 10 seas of the Arctic and Atlantic oceans. The Asian part of the world is washed by three oceans. The main sea routes are located in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Therefore, the bays and coastal seas of the Asian part of Eurasia are actively used in world shipping.

From the northwest, Australia is washed by the Indian Ocean. The Pacific Ocean adjoins it from the east. The islands of Oceania are located in the Pacific and Indian oceans.

The southernmost part of the world, Antarctica, is washed by three oceans: the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific. Some oceanographers combine the waters of these oceans into a separate Southern Ocean.

North America is washed by three oceans: the Arctic, Pacific and Atlantic. The Pacific and Atlantic oceans adjoin the shores of South America.

The shores of Africa are washed by the waters of the Atlantic and Indian oceans. The southern points of America and Africa are located close enough to Antarctica and are washed by the Southern Ocean.

Which countries are located in two parts of the world?

Russia has a huge territory. Occupying an impressive part of the continent, it is located simultaneously in the European and Asian parts of the world.

The Scandinavian country of Denmark is located in the northwest of Europe. It also includes Greenland. Geographically, it belongs to North America, so it can be argued that Denmark is located in two parts of the world.

Egypt is located in Africa and Asia at the same time. The small Sinai Peninsula, which belongs to this country, belongs to the Middle East. It is in Sinai that oil deposits and beautiful resorts are located. Most of the country is located in the desert African lands.

The Republic of Yemen, located in Southwest Asia, belongs to the Socotra archipelago in the Indian Ocean, which belongs to the African part of the world.

Indonesia is the largest archipelago. Its islands are located on both sides of the equator. The northern part of the republic is located in Asia, and the southern part is in Oceania.

The main part of the territory of Spain is located in the south-west of Europe. The remnant of the once vast Spanish colonial empire in Africa is the enclave of Vanity.

Two thirds of Kazakhstan's territories are in Asia. A small part of it lies in Europe. Azerbaijan and Türkiye are on the border between Europe and Asia.

USA is located in North America. However, the state owns several land areas in the Pacific Ocean, which belongs to Oceania.

The mainland is a large land area, which is washed on all sides by oceans or seas.

How many continents are on Earth and their names

The Earth is a very large planet, but despite this, its significant area is water - more than 70%. And only about 30% is occupied by continents and islands of various sizes.

Eurasia is one of the largest, it occupies more than 54 million sq. square meters. It is located on the 2 largest parts of the world - Europe and Asia. Eurasia is the only continent that is washed on all sides by oceans. On its banks you can see a large number of large and small bays, islands of different sizes. Eurasia is located on 6 tectonic platforms, which is why its relief is so diverse.

The highest mountains are located in Eurasia, as well as Baikal - the deepest lake. The population of this part of the world is almost a third of the entire planet, who live in 108 states.

Africa covers over 30 million square meters. The name of all the continents on the planet is studied in detail in the school curriculum, but some people even in adulthood do not know their number. This may be due to the fact that continents are often called continents in geography lessons. These two names have significant differences. The main difference is that the continent has no land border.

Africa among all others is the hottest. The main part of its surface is made up of plains and mountains. In hot Africa, the longest river on Earth, the Nile, flows, as well as the desert, the Sahara.

Africa is divided into 5 regions: South, North, West, East, and Central. There are 62 countries on this part of the Earth.

All continents include North America. From all sides it is washed by the Pacific, Arctic, and also the Atlantic Ocean. The coast of North America is uneven, a large number of large and small bays, islands of various sizes, straits and bays have formed along it. In the central part there is a huge plain.

North America

The locals of the mainland are Eskimos or Indians. In total, there are 23 states in this part of the Earth, among them: Mexico, the USA and Canada.

South America occupies more than 17 million square meters on the surface of the planet. It is washed by the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, and is also the longest mountain system. The rest of the surface is mostly plateau or plains. Among all parts, South America is the rainiest. Its indigenous people are Indians living in 12 states.

South America

The number of continents on planet Earth includes Antarctica, its area is more than 14 million square meters. Its entire surface is covered with blocks of ice, the average thickness of this layer is about 1500 meters. Scientists have calculated that if this ice completely melted, the water level on Earth would rise by about 60 meters!

Antarctica

Its main area is a desert of ice, the population lives only on the shores. Antarctica is the coldest surface on the planet average temperature air - from -20 to -90 degrees.

Australia- the occupied area is more than 7 million square meters. This is the only continent with only 1 state. Plains and mountains occupy its main area, they are located along the entire coast. It is in Australia that the largest number of large and small wild animals and birds live, here is also the largest variety of vegetation. The indigenous people are Aborigines and Bushmen.

Australia

How many continents on Earth are 6 or 7?

There is an opinion that their number is absolutely not 6, but 7. The territory located around the South Pole is huge blocks of ice. Currently, many scientists call it another continent on planet Earth. But there is no life at this South Pole, only penguins live.

To the question: " How many continents are there on planet Earth?", you can accurately answer - 6.

Continents

There are only 4 continents on Earth:

1. America.
2. Antarctica.
3. Australia.
4. Afro-Eurasia.

But each country has its own opinion about their number. For example, in India, as well as the inhabitants of China, they believe that their total number is 7, the inhabitants of these countries call Asia and Europe separate continents. The Spaniards, when they mention the continents, name all the surfaces of the world connected with America. And the inhabitants of Greece say that there are only 5 continents on the planet, because as soon as people live on them.

What is the difference between the island and the mainland

Both definitions are a large or smaller area of ​​land, washed by water on all sides. At the same time, there are certain significant differences between them.

1. Dimensions. One of the smallest is Australia, it occupies a much larger area than Greenland, one of the largest islands.
2. History of education. Each island is formed in a special way. There are continents that arose as a result of ancient fragments of lithosphere plates. Others - turned out due to volcanic eruptions. There are also those species that emerged from polyps, they are also called "coral islands".
3. Its habitability. Absolutely on all six continents there is life, even on the coldest - Antarctica. But most of the islands are still uninhabited. But on them you can meet animals and birds of a wide variety of breeds, see plants that have not yet been explored by man.