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LEDs for the home. Where can I buy LED lamps for the home? Comparative analysis with analogues

Every year, discoveries occur in the world, which in the future make it possible to somewhat simplify the life of ordinary citizens. One of the most important moments of our modern life is paying utility bills. And light in bills is not the last place, since it is not always possible to use it less than your real needs. But with the invention of LED lamps and fixtures, it finally became possible not to reduce the amount of light used, but at the same time pay several times less.

In today's article, we will talk about such an important parameter of LED light sources as power (m), as well as the power factor and others. important features this type of lighting.

Features and main technical characteristics

LED bulbs today are actively replacing other types of lamps from everyday use. After all, they are more efficient than other light sources.
LED lamps are characterized by high energy efficiency. This means that such light bulbs consume much less electricity than their predecessors.

Note! LED light bulbs are light sources of a new generation, fundamentally different from fluorescent products and incandescent lamps.

The advantages of LED light bulbs are as follows:

high specific power;
long period of service;
high energy efficiency;
excellent color rendering index;

LED color rendering index

environmental friendliness;
operational safety.

But there are also disadvantages, which are the rather high cost of LED lighting products. Therefore, such light bulbs have not yet completely replaced light sources that are less efficient in terms of power and quality of illumination.
LEDs have the following characteristics:

power - from 1 W;
light output - 88.8 Lm / W;
voltage - 170-240 V;
color effect - warm or cold white / yellow light;
luminous flux - 800 lm;
heating t0 - 2700 K;
duration (average) of work - 40,000 hours.

But the most important parameter for choosing this product to replace the type of lighting in the house is the power and its coefficient.

Basic characteristic of LED light source

By replacing older models with led light bulbs, the first thing you should pay attention to will be the power (specific) and its coefficient. These settings for lighting are basic. In order to effectively determine the power and its coefficient, a table with a list of technical characteristics is given on the package.

Note! Different lamps, despite the same indicators, can give different light. This circumstance also applies to LED products manufactured by various manufacturers.

Two lamps with the same value may have different luminous flux, as well as the angle of dispersion and color temperature. All these parameters are contained in the table indicated on the packaging of any types of lamps.
Luminous flux refers to the radiant power (how much light it emits) that a light source produces in all directions. Below is a table that shows the average values luminous flux different lamps.

Luminous flux of various lamps

As you can see, this parameter will make it possible to estimate how much electricity the light source consumes. This is very important to know when replacing one type of lighting with another. In order to correctly determine (m) luminous flux and how much the selected model consumes, there is the following table.

Power table

The table shows that when using 3 W LED lamps, their light output will correspond to 25 W incandescent lamps. This table also shows how much savings in terms of energy consumption can bring even the smallest light source.

Note! The indicators that are given in the table are indicated in average values. This means that in reality they may differ slightly from the indicated figures, especially among different manufacturers.

Power factor of LED products

As stated above, the consumed (m) is important indicator efficiency of application for illumination of this or that light source. Thanks to this characteristic, there were LED lights. At the same level of luminous flux, they consume much less (m), thus saving electricity and your money.

Note! (m) lamps, their efficiency and luminous flux cannot be considered separately.

Power consumption is measured in watts and is always indicated by manufacturers on the packaging of each lighting product. At the same time, there is one more indicator that should be discussed in this situation - the coefficient (m).

Power factor for LED lamps

This coefficient is otherwise known as cosine phi. But this is an older name for the parameter from the time when impulse sources nutrition. It reflects the degree of distortion of the form of the sinusoidal voltage available in the network. Also, this coefficient reflects the shift of current in relation to voltage. It is measured in relative units and ranges from one and less.
Note! The ideal option for lighting is a coefficient (m) equal to one.

Work efficiency as an important selection parameter

Choosing the LED type of lighting, you need to choose the right light source. To date, LED products are represented by the widest range of the most diverse types.

Variety of LED models

It is necessary to choose here not only according to the above parameters, but also according to energy efficiency. At the same time, no matter which model you choose, it will still be much more efficient than the old counterparts (incandescent, halogen and fluorescent).
One more important characteristic The choice of LED products is to evaluate its effectiveness. Efficiency is the ratio of the luminous flux of a lamp to its power consumption. This parameter is measured in lumens/watt.

Note! The higher the efficiency of the light source, the brighter it will shine, consuming the same power.

For LED, the standard efficiency would be 80-100 lumens/watt. For example, the same value for incandescent lamps will be at a level of about 12 lumens / watt. Looking only at these figures, you can see how efficient and profitable the use of LEDs will be compared to incandescent lamps, which are already becoming obsolete, as they are not able to compete with more profitable models.

A little nuance to keep in mind

When evaluating such an indicator as efficiency, one should distinguish between the efficiency of LEDs and separately lighting fixtures. Growth in the efficiency of LED-luminaires is continuously increasing due to the increase in the efficiency of the LEDs themselves.

LEDs

But at the same time, it should be remembered that the ceiling and the driver of the lighting device introduce a certain proportion of losses. This is often forgotten by people when choosing a light source for certain types of lighting fixtures. Therefore, when choosing a light bulb for a specific type of device, you should definitely remember about such losses. Otherwise, the selected model, even with the same power as the one being replaced, may give a lower luminous flux. As a result, the lighting of the premises will be of poor quality and will not meet the standards prescribed in the documents regulating this issue.
By looking at efficiency in detail, as the ratio of luminous flux to power consumption, one can quickly determine the degree of effectiveness of LEDs as an advantageous substitute for older light sources (incandescent, halogen and fluorescent bulbs).

Conclusion

Conducting a comparative assessment in terms of power, efficiency and other criteria for assessing the prospects of a particular light source, LED lamps undoubtedly occupy leadership positions in all respects. Their low electricity consumption at the same power and luminous flux makes LED products the most perspective plan home and street lighting applications. As soon as they get cheaper, the old models will surely become history.

Sconces in the interior of the bathroom: the right choice and installation

LED lamp considered an environmentally friendly light source. Skillfully selected lighting allows you to create a functional interior and a favorable atmosphere in your home.To understand how to choose LED lamps for your home, you need to study their features, characteristics and principle of operation. At the same time, these light sources can work for a long time, do not cause harm. human body and save energy.

Systems of lighting sources in the interior

Choosing the right LED bulbs for your home saves money cash. One of the main advantages of such lighting is that it does not have hazardous components. An important point is the value of energy consumption, which is 10 times less than that of standard products.

Such lighting devices have the following characteristics:

increased light output;
low power consumption value;
long service life;
have a uniform glow that does not tire the eyes;
are safe to use;
resistance to voltage drops;
device versatility.

These qualities unite all LED devices, but there are differences between the products that relate to the base option, case dimensions and equipment power.

The device and circuits of LED lamps

Knowledge of the device will give an understanding of how to choose LED lamps for the home. The design consists of three main elements:

the LED is considered a source of radiation, this element can have a different layout;
mini transformer is engaged in voltage conversion;
The radiator helps cool the heating transformer.

In addition, the device includes a diffuser used to distribute light. This element is made of polycarbonate or translucent plastic. The capacitor serves to remove the ripple in the voltage. Such a detail as a driver is used for alternating current.

An important detail is the brass base, which is responsible for contact with the cartridge and the base of the base, which protects the body from electricity breakdowns.

How to choose LED lamps for your home: an analysis of lighting devices

These light sources are more expensive than analogues. When deciding how to choose an LED lamp for your home, you need to analyze it for comparison with alternative fixtures. This will allow you to judge the effectiveness of LED devices.

Related article:

Such lamps can save thousands of rubles a year. In this review, we will look at their types, characteristics and prices so that you can understand which ones are best suited for your tasks.

Plinth types

LED products are produced with different variations of standard socles. There are the following options:

E 27 and 14 are common products. With a diameter of 14, elongated variants are used, as well as for floor lamps and sconces;
GU 10 is a swivel base with two-pin connector. Apply in built-in type;
GU 5.3 with 5.3 mm pin spacing. Used for spot lighting in drywall constructions;
G 13 is used for ceiling and linear lighting fixtures for rooms with a large area.

When selecting structures according to the type of base, you need to choose those that are already installed in the house.

Table of power of LED lamps and incandescent lamps

Using the power table of LED lamps, you can evaluate the difference between this indicator and other light sources. It should be borne in mind that in the case of such models, power does not always indicate the brightness of the glow.

In the table you can see the power ratio of LED lamps and their analogues.

Table 1. Power ratio for LED lamps and their analogues

Light output indicators

An important indicator is the indicator of the luminous flux, the unit of which is expressed in lumens. Not all manufacturers indicate this value, so many choose products based on power.

When organizing lighting in a home, it is worth choosing models with a power of 6-10 watts. Such products will provide a luminous flux, which is equal in brightness to incandescent lamps with a power of 60 watts.

Table 2. Luminous flux indicators for LED lamps and their analogues

Fluorescent lamps		Incandescent paws		LED lamp
Power, W	Luminous flux, lm	Power, W	Luminous flux, lm	Power, W	Luminous flux, lm
5	145	15	135	3	360
11	500	60	730	6	630
21	900	100	1380	10	920

Color temperature features

Incandescent lamps at any power give a yellowish glow, and LED products can have different shades. When choosing LED lamps for a home with a base, you need to pay attention to the color of the glow. This parameter is indicated on the packaging of the lamps or in the technical documentation.

Useful information! For decorating a living room, it is better to choose options with a neutral white glow.

Angle of emission of light sources

Unlike conventional incandescent lamps, the angle of the luminous flux for such products may vary. This must be taken into account when choosing products. If you use products with a narrow stream, then a certain place on the ceiling will be illuminated. The manufacturer indicates the angle of dispersion on the package. For this, special technical designations are used. For example, VNSP stands for narrow beam, FL for low beam, and VWFL for wide beam.

Useful information! Llamas with a narrowly focused glow are suitable for highlighting interior items.

Illumination standards and the choice of model for the student's table

It is important to choose the right lighting for the student's desktop. In this case, you need to take into account the location of the lighting fixture, the table, and also choose the right model.

There are certain standards for desktop illumination. In this case, the light flux should be soft, even and not flickering. In addition to artificial lighting, it is important to use the main light. This will help to avoid fatigue and eye strain.

When choosing a model, you need to be guided by the safety and ease of use of the device. Many devices are equipped with a special holder. The plafond must completely cover the lamp so that the light does not enter the eyes.

Useful information! On sale there are models of LED lamps that have.

Options for LED lamps for the home: prices

The table shows prices for some popular models.

Table 3. Average cost of LED lamps

Despite the fact that for the first time the emission of light by a solid-state LED was obtained at the beginning of the 20th century, it took more than 80 years for applied physics to create a light emitting diode (light emitting diode - LED), operating in a spectrum suitable for the human eye, and at the same time not with cosmic value. Japanese scientists who were able to make LEDs cheap and pave the way for their widespread use in everyday life were awarded the Nobel Prize in 2014.

We, as consumers, can use the achievements of physics in our life by organizing lighting in our house or apartment with the maximum possible variability, minimal harm to environment and for financial gain. Consider what factors to consider when choosing a modern LED lamp for your home.

When choosing a lamp for the home, we, first of all, out of habit, focus on its power. Traditionally, this indicator was measured in watts consumed. And it was clear to everyone that there is a 100 watt bulb for a large room, and there is a 60 watt bulb, say, for a toilet. But this story has sunk into the past along with Ilyich with an ordinary filament. Everything has changed in modern times.

Now, in times of energy-efficient technologies, it is incorrect to talk about the brightness of a lamp based on the power of its energy consumption. Mainly because light bulbs made using different energy-saving technologies have different energy consumption at the same light output. For example, a 30-watt lighting power corresponds to an 80-watt fluorescent and a 200-watt incandescent lamp. This leads to unnecessary confusion.

It would be more correct to talk about a more universal parameter characterizing the power of lighting a llama - brightness of the light flux, which is measured in units called lumens.

The parameter of the brightness of the light flux is not tied to watts, it only tells us about the brightness of a particular lamp so that we can compare it with the brightness of another made in the same or another energy-saving technology.

Before you choose the power of LED lamps, you need to remember that LED technology is constantly improving and becoming more energy efficient. Therefore, when buying a lamp, you need to carefully look at the packaging and pay attention to the numbers of luminous flux in lumens. In order to navigate these figures, we present the indicators power of LED lamps in accordance with the incandescence of conventional lamps.

Emission spectrum and color temperature

Speaking about the emission spectrum, which underlies the emitted color temperature, it should be noted that in all the experiments performed with the participation of conventional incandescent lamps, energy-saving and LED lamps, it was LED lamps that demonstrated the highest quality emission spectrum.

If the spectrum of incandescent lamps is orange-yellow, the spectrum mercury lamps consists of red, green and blue, then the emission spectrum of the LED lamp includes two components: blue - from the LED itself, and the smeared spectrum - from the phosphor filling the lamp. The ratio of these two components determines color temperature of LED lamps.

Color temperature is the third important (after power and brightness) parameter of the LED lamp. As you probably know, this indicator is measured in Calvin degrees. Historically, early lighting technologies were more heating than luminous and emitted light in the red-yellow spectrum.

For example, a glowing ember has a color temperature of 600 K, and most of its energy goes into heat. The higher the color temperature, the less heat the source radiates.

LED lamps can reach a color temperature of 7000K and produce standard colors from warm yellow to cool white. At the same time, LED lamps do not heat up, i.e. almost all their energy goes into useful light.

Why is it so important to have a radiator for LED lamps

The radiator, as you might guess, serves to cool the diodes. Although the LED lamp itself, if you touch the lamp shade with your hand, does not heat up, diodes, like any semiconductors, heat up under the influence of electricity. And they really don't like it.

Radiator for LED lamp located between the lamp itself and the base. Person using lighting fixture, does not see it. It is a ribbed construction made of aluminum or its alloys. The radiator has longitudinal slits, the so-called ribs, which allow air to move freely along the slits, which ensures heat dissipation.

The subtlety in choosing LED lamps with a good radiator is as follows. In some cheaper versions of these devices, the longitudinal ribs on the radiator are applied so that in a vertical position they perfectly move the air inside the lamp. But in a horizontal position (i.e. if the lamp is screwed into the lighting fixture in a horizontal position) - some ribs will create obstacles for proper convection, which will lead to a violation of heat dissipation.

Technically, this problem was solved by using the cross section of the ribs in the form of an arcuate profile.

In this version of the radiator, the fins are arranged with some twist, with alternating lengths - this together makes possible the turbulent movement of the air flow, which does not depend on the position of the lamp itself relative to the horizon.

It is not visually possible to choose the right radiator, provided that it is closed from the buyer's view. Therefore, we advise buyers to focus on cost. When thinking about which LED bulb to choose, keep in mind that more expensive models are more likely to have the right heatsink.

Types of LED lamp bases and design options

According to the options for the base, LED lamps are presented in a variety of ways.

The most popular base is the standard base of the E27 incandescent lamp. LED lamps with a luminous flux of more than 1200 lm are only available with socket E27.
Base E14(Mignon type) is also widely used in lighting fixtures.
Plinth GU10 with 2-pin connector and swivel mount with socket are used in ceiling lights type of reflective LED lamps.
Plinth GU5/3 with a 2-pin connector is also common in ceiling lamps of reflector lamp types.
Plinth G13 with 2-pin connector for ceiling lights.

There are other types of plinths that are less common, both at the suggestion of manufacturers and at the request of buyers.

Numerous manufacturers of LED lamps offer different versions. It:

standard round shape
candle lamps,
in the form of a candle in the wind,
accent or spot lighting lamps.

Innovative in its design and technological implementation was the appearance of LED lamps with the ability to change colors, including red, yellow, green and blue. A lamp that changes colors is a unique find for people who love variety in the interior.

Service life, cost and manufacturers

A few years ago, LED bulbs had a lifespan of 10 years. Today, well-known European manufacturers claim long service life of their lamps - up to 15, 20 and even 25 years.

Before purchasing energy-saving lighting fixtures, you should decide which company to choose an LED lamp.

The market for this type of product is represented by numerous manufacturers. Branded companies offer goods at a higher price. This is not a tribute to fashion and not only a payment for the brand. It is these well-known manufacturers that have in their assortment not only high-quality products, but also the latest developments in this dynamically developing industry. It should be mentioned here:

longer service life of such lamps,
environmental friendliness of production materials,
the presence of unique features, such as the already mentioned lamp with the ability to change colors.

Among the well-known electronics manufacturers are the following companies:

Dutch Philips,
American General Electric,
German Osram,
Japanese Supra,
German BLV.

The cost of lamps from these manufacturers will be above average: start at 300 rubles. and can easily overcome the mark of 1000 rubles.

There are Russian manufacturers of LED lamps on the market. Here you can name the companies Gauss, Kreonix, Start, Optogan. The price for domestic models ranges from 200 rubles. up to 1000 rubles.

In addition, manufacturers are widely represented on the LED products market, offering budget options for lamps at a price of 130 rubles.

The final verdict on energy-saving LED lamps: how to choose

The fundamental difference between LED technology is that light is emitted by a diode as a result of the movement of electrons through a semiconductor. Therefore, their service life is very long. They almost do not emit heat and do not contain harmful substances.

The color range of LED lamps is almost unlimited and depends on the material of the LED and the principle of its operation.

When choosing a lamp that will illuminate your home for the next 20 years, you need to be guided by the following rules:

Compare the lamp's luminous flux with its color temperature to get better quality light, the color you need.
The most popular are lamps with a light power of 700-1500 lm, which roughly corresponds to an incandescent lamp of 60-100 watts.
Know that the color temperature of the sun on a bright day is 6500 K. If you do not need the brightness of a sunny day in the room, buy a lamp with a lower color temperature.
Buy LED lamps from well-known companies: do not be afraid to overpay, you will get a quality, safe lamp that will serve you for decades.

Video with recommendations for choosing LED lamps according to their characteristics

LED lamp is a light source whose operation is based on the properties of semiconductors.

It consists of the following components:

diffuser;
a cluster consisting of a board with LEDs placed on it;
radiator for heat dissipation;
driver (power supply);
plinth;

The operation of lamps is based on the emission of light waves by an LED-LED when a current is passed through it. It is a semiconductor diode different type.

The principle of operation is the p-n transition of semiconductor electrons under the action of an electric current. Two semiconductors with different charges are used. The n type has a negative charge, because it has extra electrons, while the p type, on the contrary, lacks electrons.

Instead, empty seats in the form of holes. This type of semiconductor has a positive charge. If a current is passed through connected semiconductors of different types, the excess electrons of one will tend to occupy the free places of the other, i.e., move from one energy level to another.

This transition will be accompanied by the release of energy, which manifests itself as a visible light flux. Almost all of the released energy is converted into light, with the exception of long-wavelength photons. They are immediately absorbed with the release of heat, heating the semiconductor.

To protect against overheating during operation of the LED, it is protected by heat sinks.

Comparative characteristics

The advantages of LED lamps are best seen from a comparison of the main characteristics reflected in the table:

When choosing LED-lamps, you should be guided by the correspondence of its power to conventional filament bulbs.

To do this, there are comparative tables, one of which is given below:

Indicators, pros and cons of LED lamps

They are characterized by the following important indicators:

Power consumption electricity. Lies in the range from 1 W to 10 W. For use sources with a power of 100 W or more. This indicator characterizes mainly the rate of electricity consumption, and not the intensity of lighting.
Light stream. Its values are measured in lumens. Unfortunately, this indicator is often indicated in small print or not at all. The standard is the compliance with the luminous flux of an incandescent lamp, the power of which is indicated on the packaging box. The issue of selecting the required power is important when buying LED light sources, and it will be more correct to recalculate their luminous flux to the equivalent power of tungsten light bulbs.
Plinth type.
operating temperature range. The spread of the range depends on the manufacturer, the characteristics of the crystals and other factors. The maximum values for the operation of LED sources are from - 60 degrees to + 60 degrees.
Color temperature. It is known that at different heating temperatures, substances glow in different colors. For example, a tungsten arc, when heated to 1200 degrees Kelvin, begins to glow red. Incandescent lamps have a color temperature range from 2200 o K to 2800 o K, the indicator of which depends on the power. The shades of the glow of LED lamps are associated with the nature of the materials used in the manufacture of semiconductors, and the intensity of the glow depends on the strength of the current. LED lamps have colors:
- warm tone, in the range from 2700 0 K to 3500 0 K.
- Neutral (day) shade, in the range from 4200 0 K to 5400 0 K.
- Cold- White color , from 6500 0 K and more.
Permissible operating voltage power source. LED products are an alternative to conventional lighting from incandescent lamps, so they are powered by a 220V power supply. Also, there are models with a small base, which require a voltage of 12V. For this, special adapters are used.

LED lighting is designed for all existing lighting devices used in everyday life, offices and production. The base of such lamps should fit their cartridge and be easily screwed in. Therefore, it should not differ from the bases of conventional incandescent appliances, which have three parameters: E40, E27 and E14. The size of the base E27 is the most versatile, it is often called "large".

For lighting devices on LEDs, the resource of trouble-free operation is provided for 30,000 - 50,000 hours. For each product, it is different and depends on the manufacturer, semiconductor material and its technical characteristics.

Advantages and disadvantages

LED products have many advantages:

They use much less electricity compared to others intended for domestic needs. For example, compared to an incandescent lamp, electricity is consumed 8-10 times less. At the same time, the light output for each watt of electricity used is about 120 lm, while a tungsten light bulb gives only 10 to 24 lm.
Heat loss during operation is negligible and account for about 20% of all released energy. The main part, which is 80%, is light radiation, in contrast to incandescent tungsten sources.
LED lamps are durable as they can last up to 50,000 hours.
Products are safe to use: are not damaged by falling, do not contain substances hazardous to humans. They do not require disposal, as they do not contain mercury.
LED lamps have a varied spectrum of light.
The operation of the devices is not affected by the frequency of switching on. and off, unlike other lighting products.

Flaws:

The main disadvantage of LED lamps is their high cost.
Also, the inconvenience is the need for a heat sink that removes heat. The higher the power of the LED, the larger the area of the heat-removing element should be, which affects the size of the lamp itself and the convenience of its installation in fixtures.
In designs that do not have a luminous flux equalizing capacitor, the light can be supplied in a pulsating form.
The direction of the light flux is unidirectional, therefore, the installation of several light sources or a diffuser is required. LEDs containing crystals with a large number p-n transitions that provide a large angle of light scattering.

The average service life is 1 thousand hours.

The most famous light source, without which there is not a single room where a person is present, is an incandescent lamp. It is a device whose action is based on the glow of a heated to high temperatures spirals made of metal wire, most often tungsten.

The heating of the coil occurs when current is passed through it. The higher the temperature of the tungsten filament, the brighter the glow. This is due to electromagnetic waves created by a heated source.

To achieve a visible glow, ideal temperature should correspond to its indicator on the surface of the Sun, and this is 57700K. At lower values, the light "turns red". Electromagnetic waves are converted into visible light only partially, the main part of the energy is spent on heating.

For protection, the tungsten filament is placed in a glass flask. Argon is pumped inside this container or a vacuum is created, since the tungsten filament is oxidized when it comes into contact with air from such high temperatures.

Tungsten light sources are available in various modifications and shapes. Flasks can be round, elongated, mushroom-shaped. Its surface for some brands may have a matte finish in order to obtain a softer glow. They can also be with one and two spirals.

The product for household needs is produced with a base marked E27 (large) and E14 (small). Operating voltage 220 and 127 volts with power ranging from 25 to 500 watts. The light output of tungsten products has a range of 9 to 19 lm/W.

Advantages and disadvantages

Classical light sources have many advantages:

They are produced in a variety of, designed for different voltage and power.
Connected to the mains without additional devices.
They can work with power surges.
The intensity of the luminous flux by the end of operation practically does not decrease.
Unresponsive to temperature changes and humidity.
They have compact shapes.

Flaws

Low light output.
The predominance of yellow-red color glow.
Short service life.
Glow hue dependency from the supplied voltage: the higher it is within the permissible range, the higher the temperature of the filament and the brighter the glow, which becomes white. At the same time, the service life is reduced.

Incandescent lamps have long been the uncontested way of lighting. But at present, there are more economical and with a long service life - gas discharge and LED. For right choice of these models, it is necessary to know the correspondence of their characteristics to the parameters.

Differences between LED and spiral models

The characteristics of any lighting device are determined by its design and principle of operation. The operation of an incandescent lamp is based on the high electrical resistance of tungsten: a spiral of this material glows when current is applied. For protection from external influences, uniform glow and for safety reasons, it is enclosed in a glass flask with rarefied air inside.

Traditional incandescent lamps are characterized by an affordable price, which is a relative way to save money. Be sure to take into account its average service life and power consumption. If we compare the compliance of LED lamps with incandescent lamps, it is more cost-effective to purchase the former. They are a set of semiconductor diodes interconnected in a single circuit. Each of them is a crystal that emits photons when an electric current passes through it.

Before you buy LED lamps, you should compare them with spiral ones. The difference is this.

LED lights consume significantly less energy. On average, 10 times less than incandescent lamps.
Scattering angle. The vast majority of LED lamp designs are a plane on which light elements are installed. In this case, the scattering angle does not exceed 170°. For incandescent lamps, this figure is 360 ° - full illumination.
Semiconductor models last much longer. This is due to the low heating of the crystal, which does not lead to its gradual destruction, which is characteristic of a tungsten spiral.

That is why it is better to buy the equivalent of an incandescent lamp - an LED lighting fixture. The difference in cost is compensated by low power consumption and long service life.

Compliance Calculation Methods: Comparison Table

What are the parameters to choose an LED lamp? In this case, it will be incorrect to take into account the power - it only shows the amount of electrical energy consumed. The defining parameter for any lighting device is the intensity of the luminous flux, measured in lumens (Lm).

It is generally accepted that a 100 W incandescent bulb emits light with an intensity of 1200-1400 Lm. The difference may be due to the degree of transparency of the glass bulb. In order for the LED model to have the same intensity value, its power consumption should be about 14 watts. Why, then, are most often looking for an equivalent precisely in terms of energy consumption? Manufacturers do not always indicate the value of the intensity of the light flux. Therefore, for a correct comparison with the characteristics of incandescent bulbs, the power ratio should be taken.

Spiral, W	LED, W	Luminous flux, Lm

But it is not always possible to find a suitable LED light bulb in terms of power. Therefore, instead of the 1st, you can install several - in total they will create a luminous flux of the desired intensity.

Spiral, W	Required number of LEDs
Spiral, W	1 W	3 W	10 W

In addition, other comparative characteristics, in particular, the scattering angle. It defines the area to be illuminated. To create full lighting, it is recommended to purchase LED bulbs in the shape of a "pear". It has light points located over the entire surface and have different directional angles.

Its dimensions are approximately equal to a traditional light bulb with a spiral, and this is not always acceptable. Therefore, semiconductor models with a flat platform are most often installed, the scattering angle of which does not exceed 170 °. Such models are best suited for spot lighting.

You should also take into account the number of LEDs: the larger they are, the more uniform the lighting will be. But this affects the cost of the light bulb. Therefore, most often choose models with 4-8 LEDs with a total power of 10-14 watts.