Drugs that cause appetite in an adult. The benefits of vitamins for appetite in adults. Bitter herbs that increase appetite

Today the problem of weight is very relevant. And not everyone wants to lose weight, some want to get better. For this, there are vitamins for appetite for adults. After all, it is very difficult to eat if there is no appetite. But, refusing to accept it, a person deprives his body of the elements necessary for his life. This always leads to poor health.

Untimely food intake leads to disruption of the digestive tract, the appearance of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Metabolism (metabolism) is disturbed.

Reasons for lack of appetite

Before fixing any problem, you must first find out the causes of its occurrence. This also applies to lack of appetite in adults. Reasons include:

• prolonged stress;
• liver disease;
• gastritis;
• infection;
• taking certain medicines;
• pathological depression and bad habits.

If there is no appetite for a long period, then this indicates that the body needs help.

Only a doctor knows how to help the body. Self-medication can bring not benefit, but harm.

Back to index

How to awaken an appetite

Health workers suggest taking vitamin complexes to stimulate appetite. Often it is a vitamin deficiency that leads to a lack of desire to eat. There are a lot of vitamins for appetite for adults today.

The following vitamins are considered especially effective in solving this problem:

1. Vitamin B1 (thiamine). It provides good health, prevents fatigue, eliminates loss of strength. Restores normal work the process of digestion, the functioning of the stomach. The psycho-emotional sphere is adjusted, the desire for a snack increases.
2. Vitamin B3 (nicotinic acid). She has a vital role in the functioning of the body. Acid is synthesized from tryptophan, which enters the intestine with food. Vitamins B6 and B2 are also involved in the process. Vitamin B3 promotes the breakdown of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. Improves the work of the digestive tract. Appetite increases.
3. Vitamin B5, or calcium pantothenate (pantothenic acid), converts sugars and fats, starch and carbohydrates into energy that the body needs. Regulates the functioning of the nervous system. Necessary for the proper functioning of the adrenal and thyroid glands.
4. Vitamin B7 (biotin). It is produced by the intestinal microflora, but only in a small volume. Therefore, it must also enter the body from the outside. Responsible for the normalization of glucose levels, participates in the processes of carbohydrate metabolism. Promotes the absorption of proteins, burns fats. Without its participation, biologically active substances and fatty acids cannot be formed.
5. Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin). It is required to increase the energy potential, raise the tone. Able to prevent the occurrence of stress or depression. Vitamin B12 ensures the normalization of carbohydrate and fat metabolism.
6. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid). It is required not only to stimulate appetite. The normal functioning of the whole organism without vitamin C is also impossible. With its participation, redox processes take place and carbohydrate metabolism. It helps the body absorb iron from food. In the production of bile acids, this vitamin plays a leading role, resulting in a marked increase in food cravings.

Back to index

Bitterness to stimulate appetite

In addition to vitamins, for appetite, adults can use bitterness. These are extracts of bitter-tasting herbs. Bitterness irritates the mucous membrane of the stomach, stimulates the need for food. In the pharmacy you can buy:

• tincture of bitter wormwood;
• calamus rhizome;
• appetizing collection.

Back to index

Other Ways to Increase Appetite

Vitamin deficiency in the body can be filled not only with vitamin complexes purchased at a pharmacy. The appetite of an adult can also be increased with the help of food consumed. These are foods and spices that activate the digestion process and contribute to the production of not only intestinal, but also gastric juice:

• salted or pickled vegetables, horseradish and radish, garlic and onions;
• chicory, coriander, salt;
• lemon and orange, grapefruit, sour apples and peaches;
• cranberry, mountain ash and blackberry, barberry, coriander honey;
• apple-carrot juice, pomegranate or lemon juice, coffee.

Perfectly awaken the desire to snack physical activity. If there is no opportunity to do fitness, then it is necessary to include walks in the fresh air in the daily routine.

When choosing vitamins to increase appetite, one must take into account their participation in metabolic processes and energy synthesis in the body. Vitamin complexes can also increase appetite. They help the body absorb vitamins from the food we eat.

Vitamin B12 and vitamin C most actively solve the problem of increasing appetite in adults.

The inclusion of vitamins, bitters and the right foods in the menu will help overcome the problem of reduced appetite in adults.

MEDICINES THAT INCREASE APPETITE

see also apilak, hepaliv, juval, carngine chloride, liv-52,

limoitar , chilibuha tincture.

Herbal medicines that increase appetite (bitterness)

Calamus rhizome ( Rhizoma Calami)

Contains essential oil (in crude raw materials 2%, in purified 1.5%), bitter substance acorin, tannins.

Indications for use. As a means of increasing appetite and improving digestion.

Method of application and dose. In the form of infusion (10.0:200.0) 1/4 cup 3 times a day half an hour before meals.

Contraindications.

Release form. Chopped rhizome in a package of 100 g.

Storage conditions. In a dry, cool place.

CENTAURY GRASS ( Herba Centauria)

Contains bitter glycosides (gentiopicrin, erytaurin, erythrocentaurin), alkaloids (erythricin, gentiamin), flavone glycoside centaurein.

Indications for use. To stimulate appetite and improve digestion in case of reduced function of the gastrointestinal tract.

Method of application and dose. In the form of an infusion (10.0:200.0) in a tablespoon 3-4 times a day half an hour before meals.

Contraindications. Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.

Release form. In a package of 100 g.

Storage conditions. In a cool dry place.

Centaury grass is also included in the preparation depuraflux.

MONTANA HOME DROPS ( Montana home drops

Pharmachologic effect. Stimulates the secretion of digestive juices, enhances the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. It has a choleretic, laxative and antimicrobial effect.

Indications for use. Decreased appetite, flatulence (gas accumulation in the intestines), discomfort in the gastrointestinal tract, hypoacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach, accompanied by a reduced release of hydrochloric acid).

Method of application and dose. Inside with a small amount of water, 1-2 teaspoons after meals; with reduced appetite - 10-20 minutes before meals. For constipation - dilute 2 teaspoons in a glass of slightly warm water and take on an empty stomach before breakfast.

Contraindications. Alcoholism. Not recommended for use during breastfeeding.

Release form. Drops in bottles of 50, 200 and 500 ml. 100 ml of solution is a 48% alcohol extract of the following herbs: hop cones - 1 g, gentian root - 2 g, Ceylon cinnamon roots - 1 g, orange peel bitter extract - 2 g, caraway seeds - 1 g, dandelion root - 3 g , mint oil - 0.06 g, red sandalwood bark - 1 g.

Storage conditions. In a place protected from light.

DANDELION ROOT (Radix Taraxaci)

Contains bitter glycoside (taraxacin), resins, inulin (up to 40%) and other substances.

Indications for use. As bitterness to stimulate appetite, as a cholagogue for constipation.

Method of application and dose. In the form of an infusion (a teaspoon per cup of boiling water) for "/4 cups half an hour before meals 3-4 times a day.

Contraindications. Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.

Release form. Dandelion root, whole and chopped.

Storage conditions. In a cool dry place.

Dandelion root is also included in the preparation Montana homemade drops.

WORMWOOD HERB (Herba absinthii)

Contains bitter substances (absinthine and anabsinthine), essential oil (0.5-2%), tannins, flavonoid artemisetin, etc.

Indications for use. As a means of increasing appetite and improving digestion, with a decrease in the function of the gastrointestinal tract.

Method of application and dose. Half an hour before meals 3 times a day, infusion (10.0:200.0) for a tablespoon or tincture for 15-20 drops.

Contraindications. Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.

Release form. Chopped grass in a package of 100 g; tincture in vials of 25 ml; thick extract.

Storage conditions. In a dry, cool place.

- BITTER (Tinctura amara)

Indications for use. It is prescribed as bitterness to stimulate appetite, with hypacid (inflammation of the stomach, accompanied by reduced release of hydrochloric acid) and chronic atrophic (inflammation of the stomach with thinning of the mucous membrane) gastritis, with anorexia (lack of appetite) associated with diseases of the nervous system, etc.

Method of application and dose. Apply inside 10-20 drops per reception 30 minutes before meals.

Contraindications. Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.

Release form. In dark glass bottles of 25 ml. Obtained from centaury grass (60 g), water trefoil leaves (60 g), calamus rhizomes (30 g), wormwood herb (30 g), coriander fruits (15 g) and ethyl alcohol 40% in the amount necessary to obtain 1 l tincture.

Storage conditions. In a place protected from light.

COLLECTION APPETITE

(Species amarae)

Indications for use. Like bitterness to stimulate the appetite.

Method of application and dose. In the form of an infusion (a tablespoon per glass of boiling water), a tablespoon 3-4 times a day half an hour before meals.

Contraindications. Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.

Release form. In a package of 100 g. Ingredients: wormwood herbs - 8 parts, yarrow herbs - 2 parts.

Storage conditions. In a dry, cool place.

Wormwood herb is also included in the preparations ari-stochol, vitaon, tincture of valerian, wormwood, belladonna, tincture of valerian, wormwood, belladonna and peppermint, gastric tablets with belladonna extract.

shamrock water leaf (Folium menyanthidis)

Synonyms: Sheet of three-leafed watch, Sheet of trifolia.

Contains glycosides, flavonoids (rutin) and tannins.

Indications for use. As an appetite stimulant, with a decrease in the function of the gastrointestinal tract and as a choleretic agent.

Method of application and dose. In the form of an infusion (2 teaspoons per cup of boiling water) 1/4 cup 2-3 times a day half an hour before meals.

Contraindications. Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.

Release form. In a package of 100 g.

Storage conditions. In a dry, cool place.

FERROVIN CHINO WINE WITH IRON (Ferrovin)

Pharmachologic effect. Increases appetite. Stimulates hematopoiesis (blood formation).

Indications for use. Lack of appetite (in debilitated patients), anemia (decrease in the content of red blood cells in the blood), increased need for iron.

Method of application and dose. Inside 1 hour before meals or during meals 1 tablespoon 2-3 times a day, adolescents - 1 time per day.

Side effect. Unpleasant sensations in the epigastrium (the area of ​​the abdomen located directly under the convergence of the costal arches and the sternum), a feeling of fullness in the stomach, constipation, diarrhea, staining of feces in black.

Contraindications. Diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, pregnancy, breastfeeding. Use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus, since 15 ml contains about 2.1 g of sugar.

Release form. In vials of 700 ml. 100 g solution contains nitrogen-containing iron citrate 500 mg, magnesium hypophosphate 5 mg, liquid extract of quinine 500 mg, orange peel infusion(Auranti amari) 200 mg, sugar 200 mg, wine up to 100 g.

Storage conditions. In a cool, dark place.

Medicines of various groups

PERIACTIN(Periactin)

Synonyms: Peritol, Cyproheptadine hydrochloride, Adekin, Apetigen, Astonin, Tsipraktin, Tsiprodin, Istabin, Pariaktin, Supersan, Vieldrin, Vinorex, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. It is an antagonist of serotonin and histamine, has the ability to stimulate appetite (see also Cyproheptadine).

Indications for use. To increase appetite (see also Cyproheptadine).

Method of application and dose. To increase appetite, adults are prescribed 1/2-1 tablet 3-4 times a day or 1-2 teaspoons of syrup 3-4 times a day; children from 2 to 6 years - no more than 2 tablets or 4 teaspoons of syrup per day; children from 6 to 14 years old - no more than 3 tablets or 6 teaspoons of syrup per day.

Contraindications. Glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure), gastric ulcer, asthma attack, old age. The drug is not prescribed for children under 2 years of age.

Release form. 4 mg tablets; syrup in 100 ml vials containing 2 mg per teaspoon (5 ml).

Storage conditions. List B. In a cool, dark place.

PERNEXIN ELIXIR (Pernexin elixir)

Combined preparation containing liver extract, cyanocobalamin (vitamin Bp), thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin bi), riboflavin (vitamin B), pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin Wb), nicotinamide (vitamin PP), calcium pantothenate, sodium glycerophosphate, iron gluconate.

Pharmachologic effect. It has a hepatoprotective (protecting liver tissue) effect, stimulates hematopoiesis in case of deficiency of vitamin Bp and iron, increases the tone of the body.

Indications for use. Lack of appetite, exhaustion, poor concentration, symptoms of vitamin B deficiency, convalescence, pregnancy and lactation, anemia (decreased hemoglobin in the blood).

Method of application and dose. The drug is prescribed for adults and children over the age of 3 years, 1 teaspoon (5 ml) 3 times a day, best with meals. Children from 1 to 3 years old - 2 teaspoons 3 times a day. Good tolerability of the drug allows adults and children to take it for a long time.

Contraindications. Increased iron content in the blood and tissues, impaired absorption of iron, cardiac decompensation, recent myocardial infarction, acute bleeding.

Release form. Bottles of 100 ml of elixir. 100 ml contains: liver extract - 3 g, cyanocobalamin - 0.04 mg, thiamine hydrochloride - 15 mg, riboflavin - 10 mg, pyridoxine hydrochloride - 5 mg, nicotinamide 160 mg, calcium pantothenate - 12 mg, sodium glycerophosphate - 1000 mg, iron gluconate - 340 ml.

Storage conditions.

PRIMOBOLAN-DEPO (Primobolan Depot)

Pharmachologic effect. Increases physical activity and appetite, increases body weight, stimulates the synthesis of endogenous (formed in the body) protein, improves general condition, reduces urea excretion.

Indications for use. To increase physical activity and appetite, increase body weight, after major operations and severe chronic infectious diseases; cachexia (extreme depletion), condition after radiation and cytostatic (suppressing cell division in cancerous neoplasms) therapy, breast and genital cancer in women, hematopoiesis (hematopoiesis) disorders, long-term treatment with corticosteroids, osteoporosis

(malnutrition of bone tissue, accompanied by an increase in its fragility), slow formation of callus, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, muscular dystrophy (decrease in muscle volume and strength), impaired growth and development of children.

Method of application and dose. Assign adults 1 ampoule intramuscularly 1 time in 2 weeks, then 1 ampoule 1 time in 3 weeks, children - 1 mg / kg of body weight

1 time in 14 days, which corresponds to 0.07 mg / kg of body weight per day.

Contraindications. Pregnancy, prostate cancer.

Release form. Ampoules of 1 ml (100 mg); ampoules for children, 1 ml (20 mg).

Storage conditions. List B. In a dry, dark place.

ANOREXIGENIC (APPETITE DEPRESSOR) MEDICINES

disopimone (Desopimon)

Synonyms: Chlorfenterphine hydrochloride, Aderan, Apsedon, Avikol, Avipron, Lucofen, Rebal, Theramin, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. According to the chemical structure and pharmacological properties, it is similar to phenamine and fepranone. Like fepranone, it has an anorexigenic (appetite-depressing) effect, without causing pronounced excitation of the central nervous system and only slightly increasing blood pressure.

Indications for use. As an anorexigenic agent, mainly for exogenous alimentary obesity (obesity associated with overeating); can also be used for adiposogenital dystrophy (obesity associated with metabolic disorders) (in combination with hormone therapy), hypothyroidism (thyroid disease) (in combination with thyroidin) and other forms of obesity. Treatment is carried out in combination with a low-calorie diet, if necessary - with fasting days.

Method of application and dose. Assign inside in tablets of 0.025 g (25 mg) 1-2-3 times a day with meals in combination with a low-calorie diet.

Side effects and contraindications. Possible complications, precautions and contraindications are the same as when using fepranone.

Release form. Tablets of 0.025 g

Storage conditions. List A. In a dry place.

ISOLIPAN(Isolipan)

Synonyms: Dexafenfluramine.

Pharmachologic effect. Anorexigenic (appetite suppressant), serotonin mimetic (causes inhibition of reuptake and increased release of serotonin). Unlike amphetamine anorexigenic drugs, it does not have a psychostimulating effect, does not cause an increase in blood pressure.

Indications for use. Obesity, including resistant (resistant) to treatment with other drugs.

Method of application and dose. Inside, morning and evening, 1 capsule, preferably with meals, for 3 months.

Side effect. Dry mouth, nausea, constipation, diarrhea, frequent urination, dizziness, headache, asthenia (weakness), mood disorders, reactive depression (depressed, sad state in response to mental trauma), drowsiness or insomnia, irritability.

Contraindications. Glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure), depression (a state of depression) and psychogenic anorexia (loss of appetite caused by mental illness) even in history (previously), pharmacomania (painful craving "to take a drug), alcoholism. You should avoid taking the drug for the first 3 months of pregnancy Use with caution in patients with impaired

heart rate, liver and kidney failure.

Incompatible with anorexigenic agents of central action (see Desopimon, Mazindol, Mirapront, Fepranon) and MAO inhibitors. Potentiates (enhances) the effect of sedative (calming) and hypotensive (lowering blood pressure) drugs, the hypotensive effect of tricyclic antidepressants and the hypoglycemic (lowering blood sugar) effect of sulfonamides.

Release form. Capsules containing 15 mg of dexafenfluramine, in a package of 60 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. In a dry place.

MAZINDOL(Mazindol)

Synonyms: Terenak, Teronak, Afilan, Dimagrir, Magrilan, Samonter, Sanorex.

Pharmachologic effect. It has an anorexigenic (appetite-depressing) effect. Facilitates adherence to a low-calorie diet.

The main factors in the mechanism of the anorexigenic action of mazindol are an increase in the activity of the satiety center in the hypothalamus (a part of the brain) and a decrease in stimuli for the need for food, which is associated with the effect of the drug on the adrenergic systems of the brain.

Indications for use. It is used in the complex therapy of obesity in adults and children over 12 years of age.

Method of application and dose. Assign inside during meals at firstl/i tablets (0.5 mg) per day (in the first 4-5 days), then 1 tablet 1 or 2 times a day (during breakfast and lunch). The maximum daily dose is 3 tablets. The course of treatment usually lasts from 4 to 12 weeks.

Side effect. When taking the drug, dry mouth, nausea, headache, sleep disorders, urinary retention, sweating, allergic skin rash, increased arterial pressure are possible. The dose of the drug in these cases is reduced or discontinued. In the course of treatment (on the 8-10th week), some addiction to the drug and a decrease in its anorexigenic effect may develop.

Contraindications. The drug is contraindicated in glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure), renal, hepatic and heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia, increased excitability. Do not prescribe mazindol simultaneously with MAO inhibitors (see Nialamide).

Release form. Tablets of 1 mg in a package of 20 and 100 pieces.

Storage conditions. List A. In a dry place.

MIRAPRONT(Mirapront)

Pharmachologic effect. Affects the centers of the hypothalamic region (a part of the brain) that regulate the feeling of satiety. Suppresses excessive appetite; action lasts 10-12 hours.

Indications for use. Exogenous (alimentary - associated with overeating) obesity.

Method of application and dose. Assign 1 capsule after breakfast.

Side effect. Dry mouth, sweating, irritability, insomnia.

Release form. Capsules of 15 mg.

Storage conditions. List B. In a dry, dark place.

PONDERAL(Ponderal)

Pharmachologic effect. Reduces lipogenesis (the process of fat formation) by increasing peripheral glucose uptake; increases the breakdown of fats. The result of the treatment is a progressive decrease in reserve fat deposits in the subcutaneous fat. It has the ability to reduce appetite without stimulating the central nervous system.

Indications for use. Obesity in adults and children; obesity against the background of hypertension (persistent increase in blood pressure) and diseases of cardio-vascular system, mental illness; obesity, difficult to treat; obesity during menopause (the phase of menopause that occurs after the last menstrual-like bleeding) and in diabetes mellitus.

Method of application and dose. With obesity I degree adults are prescribed 1 tablet in the morning and 2 tablets in the evening; with obesity II degree - 2 tablets in the morning and 2 tablets in the evening; with obesity III degree - 2 tablets 3 times a day.

Children from 6 to 10 years old are prescribed 1 tablet per day; from 10 to 12 years - 2 tablets per day. The dose for children may be increased to 3 tablets per day if there is significant obesity. The decrease in body weight as a result of treatment usually occurs from the 2-3rd week from the start of treatment.

Side effect. Dyspeptic disorders (digestive disorders), dizziness.

Contraindications. First 3 months pregnancy. The drug should not be prescribed together with MAO inhibitors, as well as patients with depressive syndrome (in a state of depression).

Release form. Tablets of 20 mg.

Storage conditions. List B. In a dry, dark place.

FENFLURAMINE (Fenfluramine)

Synonyms: Minifage.

Pharmachologic effect. Anorexigenic (appetite suppressant), serotonergic agent.

Indications for use. Obesity.

Method of application and dose. Take orally 1 capsule per day; after 3-4 weeks - up to 2 capsules at a time. The course of treatment is from 6 weeks to 3-9 months.

Side effect. Dizziness, headache, asthenia (weakness), depression (a state of depression), irritability, insomnia, drowsiness, nightmares, dry mouth, nausea, diarrhea, frequent urination.

Contraindications. Glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure), mental anorexia (loss of appetite caused by mental illness), depressive states (states of depression), pharmacomania (painful craving for taking a drug), alcoholism. It is not recommended to take the drug during pregnancy and lactation.

Incompatible with neuroleptics, antidepressants; potentiates (enhances) the hypoglycemic (lowering blood sugar) effect of sulfonamides.

Release form. Capsules retard (long-acting), containing 60 mg of fenfluramine hydrochloride, in a package of 30 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. In a dry place.

FEPRANON(Phepranonum)

Synonyms: Amfepramone, Abulemin, Anorex "Ortho", Danulen, Diethylpropion, Dobesin, Keramm, Natorexic, Parabolin, Regenon, Tenuat, Tepanil, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. The drug has anorexigenic (appetite-depressing) activity.

Indications for use. The indication for the use of fepranone is mainly alimentary obesity (obesity associated with transmission); it can also be used in adiposogenital dystrophy (obesity associated with metabolic disorders) - in combination with hormone therapy, in hypothyroidism (thyroid disease) - in combination with thyroidin and other forms of obesity. Treatment is carried out in combination with a low-calorie diet, if necessary - with fasting days.

Method of application and dose. Assign inside in the form of tablets of 0.025 g (25 mg) 2-3 times a day for half an hour or an hour before meals (breakfast and lunch). With good tolerance and insufficient effect, you can increase the dose to 4 tablets per day. The course of treatment is 1.5-2.5 months. If necessary, conduct repeated courses with breaks of 3 months.

Side effect. Fepranone is usually well tolerated. However, in persons with hypersensitivity and in case of an overdose, irritability, insomnia, dry mouth, nausea, constipation or diarrhea and other side effects may occur. When prescribing the drug to people with diseases of the cardiovascular system and with hyperthyroidism (thyroid disease), caution is necessary.

Treatment should be carried out under the close supervision of a physician.

Contraindications. The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy, advanced forms of hypertension (persistent increase in blood pressure), severe disorders of cerebral and coronary (cardiac) circulation, myocardial infarction, thyrotoxicosis (thyroid disease), glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure), tumors of the pituitary gland and adrenal glands, sugar diabetes, increased nervous excitability, epilepsy, psychosis, severe sleep disturbances. Do not prescribe the drug to patients taking MAO inhibitors (see Nialamide).

Release form. Tablets of 0.025 g (25 mg) in a package of 50 pieces.

Storage conditions. List A. In a dry, dark place.

EMEMITATIVE MEDICINES

See also bromocriptine, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate.

APOMORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE

(Apomorphini hydrochloridum)

Pharmachologic effect. Apomorphine retains some of the pharmacological properties of morphine. He

has a weak analgesic analgesic) activity, has a depressing effect on the respiratory center. The effect of apomorphine on the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the medulla oblongata is especially pronounced,

the excitation of which causes its strong emetic effect. Directly the vomiting center apomorphine, like morphine, depresses. If the first dose of apomorphine did not have an emetic effect, then repeated administration is ineffective. The use of apomorphine also has no effect if the excitability of the vomiting center (for example, with deep anesthesia) or the chemoreceptor trigger zone (for example, under the influence of neuroleptic substances) is suppressed.

Indications for use. As an emetic, apomorphine hydrochloride is used when it is necessary to quickly remove toxic substances and poor-quality food from the stomach, especially when gastric lavage is not possible.

Method of application and dose. The action occurs within a few minutes after subcutaneous injection. 0.002-0.005 g (0.2-0.5 ml of 1% solution) is injected under the skin for adults, 0.001-0.003 g for children (from 2 years of age).

Higher doses for adults: single dose under the skin - 0.005 g, daily under the skin - 0.01 g.

Side effect. Apomorphine should be used with caution; some patients may develop a collapse (a sharp drop in blood pressure), visual hallucinations (visions that acquire the character of reality) may occur, especially in people who have had delirium tremens in the past; people with traumatic encephalopathy (a complication of traumatic brain injury) may have neurological disorders. Allergic reactions are possible (skin rash, itching, etc.).

With a sharp decrease in blood pressure, it is necessary to prescribe cardiovascular agents, to give the patient a horizontal position.

Contraindications. Apomorphine is contraindicated in severe heart disease, atherosclerosis, open forms

tuberculosis of the lungs and other diseases with a tendency to pulmonary hemorrhage, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, burns of the stomach with strong acids and alkalis, organic diseases of the central nervous system, in old age.

Apomorphine is not prescribed for children under 2 years of age.

When using apomorphine, care should be taken to avoid getting vomit into the respiratory tract.

Release form. 1% solution in ampoules of 1 ml in a package of 5 or 10 pieces.

Storage conditions. List A. In a dark place.

AMMONIA SOLUTION (Solutio Ammonii caustici)

Synonyms: ammonia.

Pharmachologic effect. When inhaled, it reflexively stimulates the respiratory center. When ingested, it has an emetic effect.

Indications for use. Vomiting agent.

Method of application and dose. Assign inside 5-10 drops per 100 ml of water.

Attention! Use only diluted! Taking undiluted drug causes burns of the esophagus and stomach. When using an ammonia solution, be careful not to get vomit into the respiratory tract.

Side effect. In large doses, it can cause reflex respiratory arrest.

Release form. 10% solution in vials (with ground stoppers) 10 each; 40 and 100 ml and in ampoules of 1 ml (with a braid) in a package of 10 pieces.

Storage conditions. In a cool place. S

ANTIVOTE MEDICINES

See also chlorpromazine, anesthesin, haloperidol, droperidol, peppermint tincture, neuleptil, prifinium bromide, mint tablets,

chlorprothixene , ztaperazine.

bromopride(Bromopride)

Synonyms: Bimaral, Albex, Antemex, Bromil, Digezan, Emeprid, Lemetic, Mepramide, Modulan, Opridan, Predicil, Viaben, Viadil, Anauzin, Emedian, Pridecil, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. It has an antiemetic effect. Soothes hiccups and improves the tone of the digestive system.

Indications for use. As an antiemetic.

It is prescribed mainly for nausea and vomiting associated with disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (decreased tone of the stomach and intestines, belching, flatulence - accumulation of gases in the intestines, etc.), with gastritis, dyskinesia (impaired mobility) of the biliary tract, etc.

Method of application and dose. Take orally 1 capsule (10 mg) 3 times a day before meals; in more severe cases - 2 capsules 3 times a day.

It can be used in the form of suppositories (suppositories) 20 mg 1-2 times a day, as well as intramuscularly or intravenously, 1 ampoule (10 mg) 1-2 times a day.

Side effect. In rare cases, headache, dizziness, weakness, dry mouth are possible.

Contraindications. Pregnancy.

Release form. Capsules of 0.01 g (10 mg) in a package of 60 pieces; suppositories for children, 0.01 g (10 mg) and for adults, 0.02 g (20 mg); 0.5% solution in ampoules of 2 mg (10 mg per ampoule).

Storage conditions. In a place protected from light.

VOGALENE(vogalen)

Pharmachologic effect. Antiemetic. By acting on the vomiting center, it prevents nausea and vomiting of various origins.

Indications for use. Vomiting and nausea of ​​any origin in adults, children and newborns.

Method of application and dose. Adults are usually prescribed 5 to 20 mg (2-8 tablets) per day; children, depending on age, in drops from 5 to 15 mg (50 or 150 drops) per day; newborns - from 0.5 to 1 mg (5 or 6 drops) per day per 1 kg of body weight. Drops are recommended to be applied 15-20 minutes before meals.

Release form. Tablets of 2.5 mg; ampoules of 10 mg.

Storage conditions. List B.

DIMENHYDRINATE (Dimenhydrinatum)

Synonyms: Dedalon, Didalon, Adrazine, .Anautin, Andramin, Antemin, Antivomit, Aviomarin, Chloranautin, Daldalon, Diphenhydramineteoclate, Dramamine, Dramil, Emedil, Marevit, Menhydrinat, Nauseal, Permigal, Teodramin, Travelin, Vertirozan, Vomidrin and others

Pharmachologic effect. Hi Blocker -receptors. Shows a pronounced antiemetic activity.

Indications for use. For the prevention and relief (removal) of manifestations of sea and air sickness, with nausea and vomiting of various origins, with Meniere's disease, etc.

Method of application and dose. Assign inside (before meals), depending on the patient's condition, 0.05-0.1 g (1-2 tablets) 4-6 times a day. For the prevention of air and sea sickness, 1-2 tablets are prescribed half an hour before boarding an airplane or ship.

Side effect. Dry mouth, drowsiness, disturbance of accommodation (impaired visual perception). These phenomena are eliminated when the dose is reduced.

Release form. Tablets of 0.05 g (50 mg) in a package of 10 pieces.

Storage conditions. List B. In a dry place.

DIMETPRAMIDE (Dimethpramidum)

Pharmachologic effect.

Indications for use. For the prevention and relief (removal) of nausea and vomiting in the postoperative period, during radiation treatment and chemotherapy of cancer patients, etc.

Method of application and dose. Assign inside (before meals) 0.02 g 2-3 times a day; intramuscularly - 1 ml of a 2% solution 2-3 times a day.

Higher doses: when taken orally - 0.1 g per day, with intramuscular injection - 5 ml of a 2% solution (0.1 g) per day.

Side effect. Allergic reactions are possible.

Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to the drug, pregnancy, lactation.

Release form. Tablets of 0.02 g (20 mg); 2% solution in ampoules of 1 ml (20 mg).

Storage conditions. List B. In a place protected from light at a temperature not exceeding +20 ° C.

DIXAFEN(Dixaphenum)

Pharmachologic effect. It has an antiemetic effect and stimulates the cardiovascular system.

Indications for use. As an antiemetic.

Method of application and dose. Enter intramuscularly 1 ml 1-2 times a day before meals.

the same as for dimetpramide.

Release form. Aqueous solution (bright orange) containing dimetpramide, caffeine and ephedrine in ampoules.

Storage conditions.

DIMETCARB(Dimetcarbum)

Pharmachologic effect. It has an antiemetic effect.

Indications for use. It is used as an antiemetic for the prevention and relief (removal) of nausea and vomiting.

Method of application and dose. 1 tablet 3-4 times a day before meals.

Side effects and contraindications the same as for dimetpramide.

Release form. Coated tablets containing dimetpramide and sydnocarb.

Storage conditions. List B. In a dark place.

DOMPERIDONE(Domperidone)

Synonyms: Motilium, Cilroton, Euciton, Nauselin, Peridal, Peridon, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. It has an antiemetic effect, soothes hiccups and eliminates nausea in some cases. It has a regulating and normalizing effect on the motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract, which is associated with a blocking effect

on dopamine receptors (D2) of the gastrointestinal tract. It is similar in action to metoclopramide. Unlike metoclopramide, it does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier (the barrier between blood and brain tissue) and does not cause extrapyramidal disorders (impaired coordination of movements with a decrease in their volume and trembling).

Indications for use. Domperidone is used for functional disorders gastroduodenal region (the place where the stomach passes into the duodenum), hypotension (decreased tone of smooth muscles) of the stomach, reflux esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus due to reflux of gastric contents). The drug alleviates dyspeptic symptoms (digestive disorders) associated with a decrease in gastric emptying. It is also used for vomiting caused by various reasons.

Method of application and dose. Adults are prescribed 10 mg 3-4 times a day before meals. With severe nausea and vomiting, 20 mg is prescribed 3-4 times a day. Children weighing 20-30 kg are given "/2 tablets 2 times a day, over 30 kg - 1 tablet 2 times a day. Children can be given a 1% solution orally, 1 drop per 1 kg of body weight 3-4 times per day or 2.5 ml of suspension for oral (oral) use per 10 kg of body weight 3 times a day. The drug is recommended to be taken before meals. If necessary, the dose of the drug can be doubled. Rectally (into the rectum) adults are prescribed 2 -4 suppositories of 60 mg; children over 2 years old - 2-4 suppositories of 30 mg; children under the age of 2 years - 2-4 suppositories of 10 mg.

Side effect. Dry mouth, headache, diarrhea (diarrhea), allergic reactions (skin rash, itching), spasms of the smooth muscles of the stomach are possible.

Contraindications. Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, mechanical intestinal obstruction, perforation (through defect) of the stomach or intestines, pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity to the drug. The drug is not prescribed for newborns, infants and children weighing up to 20 kg. You should not prescribe domperidone with anticholinergics (atropine, antispasmodic, platifillin, etc.) due to the fact that the latter depress intestinal tone.

Release form. Tablets of 0.01 g (10 mg), film-coated, in a package of 50 pieces. Granules. Solution for oral administration. Suspension in vials. Candles of 60, 30 and 10 mg.

Storage conditions. List B. In a dark place.

Meklozin (Meclozine)

Synonyms: Meclozine hydrochloride, Bonin.

Pharmachologic effect. Meclozine has antihistamine and anticholinergic properties. The place and mechanism of action of meclozine in vertigo of various nature is not clearly defined. Pharmacological studies of other antihistamines have shown that their possible site of action is peripheral labyrinth structures (formations of the inner ear containing receptors for the auditory and vestibular apparatus); it can be assumed that they are also the site of action of meclozine.

Indications for use. Prevention and symptomatic (relieving, but not eliminating the cause) treatment of nausea, vomiting and dizziness.

Method of application and dose. Adults and children over 12 years of age for the prevention and symptomatic treatment of nausea, vomiting and dizziness are prescribed in daily dose 25-100 mg in divided doses, depending on the clinical effect.

A single dose of 25-50 mg of the drug prevents the symptoms of motion sickness for about

24 hours. The initial dose should be taken at least 1 hour before travel to ensure absorption of the drug. Subsequently, the drug can be taken again every 24 hours if indicated during the trip.

For nausea and vomiting in pregnant women, the drug is usually effective at a daily dose of 25-50 mg.

With labyrinthine and vestibular disorders (in this case, diseases characterized by nausea, vomiting, dizziness, imbalance due to diseases of the receptor apparatus of the inner ear), the optimal dose is usually 25-100 mg per day, depending on the clinical effect.

Side effect. Drowsiness, dry mouth, fatigue, vomiting and, in rare cases, blurred vision may occur. Like all antihistamines, may cause irritability in children.

Contraindications. Hypersensitivity to the drug. Patients with glaucoma (an eye disease accompanied by increased intraocular pressure) and with an enlarged prostate gland, take meclozin only as directed by a doctor. When prescribing meclozine to pregnant women, the possible risk and potential benefit from drug use. Large and long-term experience with the use of meclozine in women experiencing nausea and vomiting during pregnancy has not revealed a teratogenic (causing impaired fetal development) effect associated with taking the drug.

In view of the possibility of developing drowsiness, you should take the drug with caution in case of driving a car or dangerous mechanisms.

Release form. Tablets containing 25 mg of meclozine hydrochloride, in a package of 10 pieces.

Storage conditions. In a dry, cool place.

METHOCLOPRAMIDE (Metoclopramidum)

Synonyms: Metoclopramide hydrochloride, Raglan, Cerucal, Perinorm, Clomethol, Bimaral, Comportan, Gastrobids, Imperial, Maxolon, Regastrol, Rimetin, Terperan, Viscal, Clopan, Emetizan, Legir, Maxeran, Metoclol, Moriperan, Nauzifar, Paspertine, Peraprin, Plastil , Pramin, Primperan, Primperil, Reliverin, etc.

Pharmachologic effect. Metoclopramide is a specific blocker of dopamine receptors, as well as serotonin receptors.

The drug has an antiemetic effect, soothes hiccups and, in addition, has a regulatory effect on the functions of the gastrointestinal tract. The tone and motor activity of the digestive organs is enhanced. The secretion of the stomach does not change. There are indications that the drug promotes the healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Indications for use. Metoclopramide is used as an antiemetic for nausea, vomiting associated with anesthesia, radiation therapy, side effect medicines (digitis, cytostatics /substances that inhibit cell division/, antibiotics, etc.), dietary disorders, etc.

It has no effect on vestibular vomiting (caused by motion sickness).

In gastroenterological practice, the drug is also used in the complex treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastritis, dyskinesias (impaired mobility) of the abdominal organs, postoperative paresis (reduction in strength and / or amplitude of movements) of the intestine, with flatulence (gas accumulation) and other diseases.

The therapeutic effect is associated with an increase in the tone of the stomach and intestines, acceleration of gastric emptying and

pylorus (narrowed part of the stomach at the place of its transition to the duodenum), a decrease in hyperacid stasis (stopping the movement of food in the stomach due to acidification).

There is evidence of the effectiveness of metoclopramide in the treatment of dyspepsia (repeated vomiting, nausea) in severe cardiac patients (myocardial infarction, heart failure) and in vomiting of pregnant women.

The drug has also found application as a means of facilitating and improving the radiodiagnosis of diseases of the stomach and small intestine.

There is evidence of the high efficacy of metoclopramide in migraine and the successful use of the drug in Tourette's syndrome (generalized tics - involuntary facial twitches - in children).

Method of application and dose. Metoclopramide is used orally, and in severe cases parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously).

Inside give adults usually 10 mg (1 tablet) 3 times a day (before meals). Intramuscularly (or intravenously) administered 1 ampoule (2 ml = 10 mg of the drug) 1-3 times a day. Children are prescribed in smaller doses in accordance with age (children over 6 years of age - "/ 2-1 tablet 3 times a day).

The tablets are swallowed without chewing with a small amount of water.

For x-ray examination, adults are administered 1-2 ampoules (10-20 mg) intravenously or given orally (5-15 minutes before the start of the study) 15-30 mg.

Side effect. The drug is usually well tolerated. In rare cases, extrapyramidal disorders (impaired coordination of movements with a decrease in their volume and trembling), characteristic of parkinsonism, are possible. In the mechanism of these side effects, apparently, the antagonistic effect of metoclopramide on dopamine receptors in the brain plays a role. To remove these phenomena, caffeine is administered parenterally (see page 73).

Children under the age of 14 years should be prescribed the drug with caution due to possible side effects.

When taking the drug, drowsiness, tinnitus, dry mouth are also possible. To reduce these phenomena, the drug is sometimes prescribed after meals.

Contraindications. When using the drug in the form of injections, the ability to drive cars and perform work that requires special concentration of attention may be impaired.

Release form. Tablets of 10 mg in a package of 50 pieces; in ampoules of 2 ml (10 mg per ampoule) in a package of 10 pieces.

Storage conditions. In a place protected from light.

RODAVAN(Rodavan)

Combined preparation containing chlorphenoxamine hydrochloride, 8-chlorotheophylline and caffeine.

Pharmachologic effect. It has an antiemetic effect, affecting the vomiting center.

Indications for use. Prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting in sea and air sickness, pregnancy, radiation sickness and chemotherapy; after anesthesia.

Method of application and dose. Adults are prescribed for the prevention of sea and air sickness, 1-2 tablets or 1 suppository for "/ 2 hours before departure. This dose can be repeated immediately after departure.

For treatment, 1 suppository into the rectum 3-4 times a day or 1-2 tablets 2-3 times a day.

Side effect. Dry mouth, dizziness, incoordination. Possibly decreased response.

Release form. Composition tablets: chlorphenoxamine hydrochloride - 20 mg, 8 chlortheophylline - 20 mg, caffeine - 50 mg; candles for adults of the composition: chlorphenoxamine hydrochloride - 80 mg, 8-chlorotheophylline - 40 mg, caffeine - 100 mg; candles for children of the composition: chlorphenoxamine hydrochloride - 24 mg, 8-chlorotheophylline - 16 mg, caffeine - 20 mg.

Storage conditions. List B. In a dark place.

thiethylperazine (Thiethylperazinum)

Synonyms: Torekan, Thiethylperazine maleate, Goresten, Trusten.

Pharmachologic effect. The drug is effective in vomiting of various origins. Under experimental conditions, it suppresses vomiting caused by excitation of the vomiting center (apomorphine) and irritation of gastrointestinal tract receptors (copper sulfate). The mechanism of the antiemetic action of thiethylperazine consists of a calming effect on the vomiting center and a simultaneous action on the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the medulla oblongata.

Indications for use. Thiethylperazine is used to prevent and stop vomiting of various origins, including radiation therapy and chemotherapy of malignant neoplasms, surgical interventions, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, sea and air sickness, migraine, vomiting of pregnant women. Positive results (cessation of nausea and vomiting, reduction or cessation of dizziness, nystagmus of involuntary movements of the eyeballs, gait disorders) were noted with vestibular and coordination disorders associated with cerebrovascular disorders, vegetative dystonia, Meniere's disease.

Method of application and dose. Assign thiethylperazine orally 1 tablet (6.5 mg) 1-3 times a day or administer 1 suppository (6.5 mg) 2 times a day (morning and evening), in acute cases, use intramuscularly 1-2 ml ( 6.5-13 mg) per day. The course of treatment continues if necessary 2-4 weeks. To prevent postoperative vomiting, 1 ml (6.5 mg) is injected intramuscularly about half an hour before the end of the operation.

Side effect. The drug is usually well tolerated. Sometimes there is dry mouth, drowsiness. In rare cases (more often in children), extrapyramidal disorders (disturbances in coordination of movements with a decrease in their volume and trembling) may develop, therefore it is not recommended to prescribe the drug to children under the age of 15 years.

Contraindications. The drug is contraindicated in severe depression of the central nervous system, in a coma (unconscious) state.

Release form. Dragee (6.5 mg each); candles (6.5 mg each); 1 ml ampoules (6.5 mg).

Storage conditions. List B. In a dark place.

TROPISETRON (Tropisetron)

Synonyms: Novoban.

Pharmachologic effect. An antiemetic that is effective in vomiting caused by chemotherapy with anticancer drugs. The mechanism of action is associated with selective blocking of peripheral and central serotonin receptors.

Indications for use. Tropisterone is used to prevent nausea and vomiting during cancer chemotherapy.

Method of application and dose. Assign adults in the form of six-day courses at a daily dose of 0.005 g (5 mg). On the 1st day, it is administered intravenously shortly before the start of chemotherapy. From the 2nd to the 6th day, the drug is taken orally.

For intravenous infusions, dilute the contents of one ampoule (5 ml containing 5 mg of tropisetron equals 5.64 mg of tropisetron hydrochloride) in 100 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution; enter slowly. Inside prescribed in the form of capsules containing 5 mg of tropisetron.

Capsules are taken on an empty stomach (1 hour before breakfast) with water.

Side effect. The drug is usually well tolerated. Possible side effects: headache, dizziness, fatigue, constipation or diarrhea; in patients with arterial hypertension (high blood pressure), blood pressure may increase; in rare cases, visual hallucinations (delusions, visions that acquire the character of reality) are possible.

Contraindications. Pregnancy, breastfeeding.

It should be borne in mind that rifampicin, phenobarbital and other drugs that induce (increase) the activity of liver enzymes, reduce the concentration of tropisetron in blood plasma.

Release form. 0.1% solution in ampoules of 5 ml (5 mg of the drug in an ampoule) in a package of 5 pieces; capsules containing 5 mg of tropisetron.

Storage conditions. List B. In a dark place.

The problem of lack of weight is almost at the level of the problem of excess weight. As they say, to each his own!

One of the causes of underweight is lack of appetite, especially in children. What to do?

It is important to make the right diet. With reduced appetite and a lack of body weight, the calculation of the amount of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, calories is carried out according to the upper limit of the recommended age norms.

Great importance to restore appetite, physical exercises, walks and outdoor games are played. They allow you to increase the overall tone of the body and "work up" the appetite.

Sometimes you need to use medicinal herbs or drugs, nutritional supplements. Do not forget that the selection of drugs is carried out according to the doctor's prescription. A large arsenal of medicines is used - from digestive enzymes to anabolic steroids.

However, in children, the use of liquid bitters is limited, since the child is usually difficult to persuade to take medicine that is not entirely palatable. It should also be borne in mind that alcohol forms of drugs are not recommended for young children. Therefore, instead of tinctures and balms with a bitter taste familiar to adults, tablet forms of preparations and dietary supplements with bitterness should be recommended to increase appetite in children. For a child, it is enough that the phytocomplex includes only one bitterness (for example, wormwood or dandelion). They should be taken 20-30 minutes before meals.

Many others have the ability to restore lost appetite. medicinal plants, fruits and berries: juniper and barberry berries, anise and caraway seeds, blackcurrant, rose hips, sea buckthorn, chokeberry, citrus fruits, apples, kiwi, strawberries. Therefore, children can be recommended special mouth-watering teas with the listed components and fruit salads (no more than 30-50 g) 40-60 minutes before the main meal. Aromatherapy with oils of chamomile, cardamom, hyssop, bergamot, wormwood, juniper will also help restore appetite.

Parents who are concerned that the child does not eat well can also be recommended oral forms of preparations with citric and succinic acids. It is these two organic acids that have a selective effect on intracellular metabolism and stimulate appetite.

To compensate for the deficiency of essential nutrients and stimulate appetite, it is necessary to use products with essential nutritional factors. These primarily include amino acids, vitamins and minerals. Of the amino acids for children with reduced appetite, methionine, L-carnitine, glycine, lysine can be recommended. These substances take an active part in the energy metabolism of cells, stimulate metabolism, and contribute to the physical and intellectual development of children. In the assortment of pharmacies, they are presented both in the form of monopreparations and combinations with other biologically active compounds.

For many decades, when children refuse to eat and develop a lack of weight, the dry matter of native royal jelly, obtained from the secret of the pharyngeal maxillary gland of worker bees (apilak), has been used. Chemical composition royal jelly is complex - it contains proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, macro- and microelements. In terms of nutritional value, it is significantly superior to many foods. For example, it contains 5 times more proteins than cow's milk, 6 times more carbohydrates, and 3 times more fats.

Today, royal jelly is available in pharmacies both in the form of traditional sublingual tablets and oral complexes - capsules, syrups, powder for making nutritious drinks. It is very important that apilac can be used in children of the first year of life.

Another bee product needed for "weak eaters" is flower pollen. It is collected by bees during pollination of plants and used to feed bee brood and ensure the function of the glands that produce royal jelly, enzymes and wax. Flower pollen is considered to be the most perfect natural nutrient product. It contains all the components necessary for life.

Combined preparations are gaining more and more popularity among pharmacy visitors, which, in addition to royal jelly and pollen, include lysine, vitamins, minerals, and lecithin.

Traditional medicine also recommends other beekeeping products - propolis and bee bread (bee bread) as general tonic for reduced appetite in children. Propolis has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic effect, and bee bread serves as a source of essential minerals and vitamins, especially potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and vit. A, E, C, RR.

With recommendations for taking drugs of this group, it is necessary to pay attention to pharmacy buyers that they are contraindicated in case of individual intolerance to beekeeping products. With great care, they should be used for allergies to honey and bee stings.

Since nutritional deficiency in children is always accompanied by a decrease in the body's defenses, it is advisable to use drugs from the group of adaptogens. A pronounced therapeutic and prophylactic effect has a powder obtained from the horns of reindeer - pantocrine. It can be recommended to children from 3 years old. Pantocrine should be taken in courses for 1-2 months. If necessary, you can resume the reception after 2-3 months. In Ukraine, pantocrine is available in the form alcohol extract and tablets. In other CIS countries, injectable forms of the drug are also used.

For adolescents with asthenia and reduced appetite, plant adaptogens are suitable: ginseng, eleutherococcus, aralia, Chinese magnolia vine, Rhodiola rosea, etc. For children, drugs in this group should be used only as directed by a doctor, since they actively affect the hormonal background.

From homeopathic remedies for appetite disorders in children, complexes with Cina, Colchicum, magnesium and calcium salts are shown.

Treatment of changes in appetite in children takes time, great patience of parents and doctors. In many ways, the effectiveness of measures to restore appetite depends on how accurately the cause of the violations is identified and how consistent the parents are in implementing the recommendations of doctors, pharmacists, psychologists and nutritionists.

A drug	Pharmachologic effect. Indications for use	Dosage and administration	Contraindications
AIRA RHIZOM (Rhizoma Calami)	As a means of increasing appetite and improving digestion.	In the form of an infusion (10.0:200.0), a quarter cup 3 times a day half an hour before meals.
CENTAURY HERB (HerbaCentaurii)	To stimulate appetite and improve digestion in case of reduced function of the gastrointestinal tract. Centaury herb is also part of the drug depuraflux	In the form of an infusion (10.0:200.0) in a tablespoon 3-4 times a day half an hour before meals.	Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.
MONTANA HOME DROPS (Montanahomedrops)	Stimulates the secretion of digestive juices, enhances the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. It has a choleretic, laxative and antimicrobial effect. Decreased appetite, flatulence (gas accumulation in the intestines), discomfort in the gastrointestinal tract, hypoacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach, accompanied by a reduced release of hydrochloric acid).	Inside with a small amount of water for 1-2 tsp. after meal; with reduced appetite - 10-20 minutes before meals. For constipation - 2 tsp. dilute in a glass of slightly warm water and take on an empty stomach before breakfast.
DANDELION ROOT (Radix Taraxaci)	As bitterness to stimulate appetite, as a cholagogue for constipation. Dandelion root is also part of Montana Homemade Drops.	In the form of an infusion (tsp per cup of boiling water), a quarter cup half an hour before meals 3-4 times a day.	Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.
WORMWOOD HERB (Herba Absinthii)	As a means of increasing appetite and improving digestion, with a decrease in the function of the gastrointestinal tract.	Half an hour before meals 3 times a day, infusion (10.0:200.0) for a tablespoon or tincture for 15-20 drops.	Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.
BITTER (Tinctura amara)	It is prescribed as bitterness to stimulate appetite, with hypacid (inflammation of the stomach, accompanied by reduced release of hydrochloric acid) and chronic atrophic (inflammation of the stomach with thinning of the mucous membrane) gastritis, with anorexia (lack of appetite) associated with diseases of the nervous system, etc.	Apply inside 10-20 drops per reception 30 minutes before meals.	Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.
APPETITE COLLECTION (Species amarae)	Like bitterness to stimulate the appetite. Wormwood grass is also included in the preparations of aristochol, vitaon, tincture of valerian, wormwood, belladonna, tincture of valerian, wormwood, belladonna and peppermint, stomach tablets with belladonna extract.	In the form of an infusion (st. l. per glass of boiling water) 1 tbsp. l. 3-4 times a day half an hour before meals.	Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.
WATER LEAF SHAMLOCK (Folium Menyanthidis)Synonyms: Three-leafed watch sheet, Trifolia sheet.	As an appetite stimulant, with a decrease in the function of the gastrointestinal tract and as a choleretic agent.	In the form of an infusion (2 tsp per cup of boiling water), a quarter cup 2-3 times a day half an hour before meals.	Hyperacid gastritis (inflammation of the stomach due to a persistent increase in acidity), peptic ulcer of the stomach with high acidity.
FERROVIN CINNE WINE WITH IRON (Ferrovin)	Increases appetite. Stimulates hematopoiesis. Lack of appetite (in debilitated patients), anemia (decrease in the content of red blood cells in the blood), increased need for iron.	Inside 1 hour before meals or during meals 1 tbsp. l. 2-3 times a day, teenagers - 1 time a day.	Side effect. Unpleasant sensations in the epigastrium (the area of ​​the abdomen located directly under the convergence of the costal arches and the sternum), a feeling of fullness in the stomach, constipation, diarrhea, staining of feces in black. Contraindications. Diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, pregnancy, breastfeeding. Use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus, since 15 ml contains about 2.1 g of sugar.
PERIACTIN (Periactin) Synonyms: Peritol, Cyproheptadine hydrochloride, Adekin, Apetigen, Astonin, Tsipraktin, Tsiprodin, Istabin, Pariaktin, Supersan, Vieldrin, Vinorex, etc.	It is an antagonist of serotonin and histamine, has the ability to stimulate appetite (see also Cyproheptadine). To increase appetite (see also Cyproheptadine).	To increase appetite, adults are prescribed 0.5-1 tablet 3-4 times a day or 1-2 tsp. syrup 3-4 times a day; children from 2 to 6 years old - no more than 2 tablets or 4 tsp. syrup per day; children from 6 to 14 years old - no more than 3 tablets or 6 tsp. syrup per day.	Glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure), gastric ulcer, asthma attack, old age. The drug is not prescribed for children under 2 years of age.
PERNEXIN ELIXIR (Pernexin elixir)	It has a hepatoprotective (protecting liver tissue) effect, stimulates hematopoiesis in case of deficiency of vitamin Bp and iron, increases the tone of the body. Lack of appetite, exhaustion, poor concentration, symptoms of vitamin B deficiency, convalescence, pregnancy and lactation, anemia (decreased hemoglobin in the blood).	The drug is prescribed for adults and children over the age of 3 years, 1 tsp. (5 ml) 3 times a day, best with meals. Children from 1 to 3 years old - 0.5 tsp. 3 times a day.	Increased iron content in the blood and tissues, impaired absorption of iron, cardiac decompensation, recent myocardial infarction, acute bleeding.
PRIMOBOLAN-DEPO (Primobolan Depot)	Increases physical activity and appetite, increases body weight, stimulates the synthesis of endogenous (formed in the body) protein, improves general condition, reduces urea excretion. To increase physical activity and appetite, increase body weight, after major operations and severe chronic infectious diseases; cachexia (extreme depletion), condition after radiation and cytostatic (suppressing cell division in cancerous neoplasms) therapy, breast and genital cancer in women, hematopoiesis (hematopoiesis) disorders, long-term treatment with corticosteroids, osteoporosis (impaired bone tissue nutrition, accompanied by an increase in its fragility), slow formation of callus, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, muscular dystrophy (decrease in muscle volume and strength), impaired growth and development of children.	Assign adults 1 ampoule intramuscularly 1 time in 2 weeks, then 1 ampoule 1 time in 3 weeks, children - 1 mg/kg of body weight 1 time in 14 days, which corresponds to 0.07 mg/kg of body weight per day.	Pregnancy, prostate cancer.

The main sign of a good appetite is the onset of hunger 4-5 hours after the last meal. In situations where, after this period, a person does not want to eat, we can talk about malfunctions in the body. As a result of loss of appetite, a person may develop a large number of diseases. This is primarily vitamin deficiency, stomach ulcers or gastritis, psycho-emotional disorders, impaired cellular metabolism, anorexia.

Reasons for lack of appetite

With the fast pace of life in modern conditions, the number of causes that cause loss of appetite is only growing. Among the various disorders and diseases, the main ones are:

• Poisoning the body with toxins. The occurrence of hunger is controlled by the brain. As a result of exposure to toxins in the body, brain function is disrupted, which can lead to loss of appetite. Poisoning the body with toxins is often due to food poisoning, drug abuse, alcohol and cigarette abuse, overexposure to substances contained in cosmetics, perfumes, petroleum products, household chemicals, carbon monoxide intoxication, drugs, acute infection, etc.
• Diseases of the digestive system. People with various pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract may experience symptoms of dyspepsia: pain, flatulence, nausea, diarrhea. At such moments, the loss of desire to eat is due to fears of being in an awkward situation during communication. The solution to the problem of lack of appetite here is based on the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.
• Hormonal disorders. Changes in the endocrine system in a teenager or a woman during pregnancy can cause loss of appetite. This is caused by a rapid increase or decrease in sex hormones in the body. A situation where there is no appetite is often caused by disorders in the thyroid gland. In addition to lack of appetite, a person is accompanied by chronic fatigue, reaction inhibition, increased susceptibility to colds, weight loss or its sharp increase. Patients with diabetes mellitus suffering from pancreatic dysfunction may also not feel hungry. The lack of insulin, which is a powerful anabolic hormone, leads to metabolic disorders.
• Disorders of the nervous system . Often, lack of appetite is due to psycho-emotional disorders. Stress, depression, various forms of dementia and others mental illness lead to a categorical refusal of the patient to eat. Along with this, patients often complain of a feeling of overeating and feeling full too quickly. Patients in severe stages of mental disorders are force-fed. The comorbidity of mental disorders is often anorexia. Often girls with an inferiority complex are exposed to this ailment. In pursuit of a slim figure, they begin to use unbalanced diets and forced emptying of the stomach from food. As a rule, everything ends with a complete refusal of food and hospitalization.
• Oncology. In most forms of cancer, the cancer patient experiences weight loss and loss of appetite. This is caused by disorders in the functioning of organs, hormonal disruptions and other disorders caused both directly by the pathology itself, as well as by chemotherapy, radiation and other types of therapy for the disease.

Other common causes are related to incorrect actions on the part of the person himself:

• Wrong diet. When a person begins to consume food according to a scheme drawn up by an unqualified specialist, malfunctions in the digestive tract may occur. It is often mistakenly advised to use various kefir, fruit, rice and other mono-diets. As a result of such nutrition, the patient very soon begins to inhibit the production of enzymes and hormones necessary for the correct functioning of digestion. The result is a slowdown in metabolism, dysfunction of organs and systems, rapid weight loss, which quickly returns after the diet is canceled. Often, body weight after switching to regular food continues to increase beyond the value that was before the start of the diet.
• Loss of appetite due to conscious fasting. When all the rules are followed and under the supervision of nutritionists, curative fasting is beneficial. However, failure to follow the recommendations can lead to a complete loss of appetite.
• The result of improper treatment. Long-term use of drugs, herbal preparations without the recommendations of doctors or due to an erroneous diagnosis is one of the causes of poor appetite.
• Sedentary lifestyle. Knowledge workers are most susceptible to decreased appetite. Office workers, scientists, teachers and other categories of the population whose work is not related to the performance of physical work often suffer from metabolic disorders and suppressed hunger. This is due to the fact that in the absence of physical activity, the body does not produce the necessary hormones and enzymes necessary for normal digestion.

Separately, there are reasons that can lead to loss of appetite in a newborn. This is primarily an increase in intestinal motility, which is accompanied by flatulence, constipation and pain. A child may refuse breast milk if a nursing woman ate spicy or salty foods the day before. The temperature, taste and size of the food is of great importance.

There are a lot of reasons that lead to a lack of appetite in both a baby and an adult. An accurate diagnosis can only be made by a doctor after the necessary clinical examination.

Treatment of pathology at home

In order to increase appetite and gain weight at home, you must first increase physical activity. To do this, it is recommended to abandon personal transport, and on the way to and from work, get off a few stops earlier to walk.

An effective way to increase the feeling of hunger is to exercise. Squats, push-ups, and abdominal exercises will help to provide a good load and cause the necessary level of useful stress. It is enough to exercise for an hour a day three times a week to tone your body, activate the production of anabolic hormones and enzymes necessary for appetite and good digestion.

Healing herbs that induce feelings of hunger

In order to increase appetite and stimulate the production of gastric juice, the following herbs are used:

• A decoction of wormwood. The active components of the plant absinthine and anabsinthine stimulate appetite and improve digestion. The broth is prepared as follows: 10 g of dry grass is brewed with 400 ml of boiling water and allowed to brew for 15 minutes. After that, the composition is filtered through gauze and consumed 100 ml before meals 3-4 times a day.
• Dandelion decoction. The bitter dandelion glycoside, taraxacin, is responsible for increasing appetite, which at the same time enhances the secretion of saliva and bile secretion. The decoction is prepared as follows: 15 g of plant roots are brewed with one glass of boiling water and allowed to brew for 20 minutes. After infusion, the composition is filtered through gauze and drunk 50 ml before each meal.
• Calamus tincture. The plant contains tannins, glycosides, alkaloids and phytoncides, which provoke an increase in appetite. The tincture is prepared by pouring 30 grams of calamus with 200 milliliters of vodka or alcohol. After 14 days of infusion in a dark, cold place, the tincture must be filtered and consumed 1-2 teaspoons before meals. Alcohol tincture is recommended to be pre-diluted with water.

To increase the appetite of a cancer patient, it is effective to use ginger. Tea with the addition of this product, in addition to increasing the feeling of hunger, relieves nausea and increases vitality.

Appetite enhancing drugs

It is necessary to start therapy for lack of appetite with natural preparations. These include various herbal preparations, extracts and extracts of medicinal plants, alcohol tinctures. The most popular medicines of this group are Limontar, calamus rhizomes, Montana homemade drops, wormwood herb, bitter tincture, appetizing collection. These drugs are available from pharmacies without a prescription and can be used by adults on their own. For a child 3 years of age and younger, the use of these substances is permissible only after consultation with a pediatrician.

The most popular drugs that increase appetite are:

• Elkar. It is a drug that has an anabolic effect, which results in an increase in appetite and an increase in metabolic rate.
• Pernexin Elixir . The medicine contains liver extract, cyanocobalamin, thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, vitamin B6, niacin, calcium pantothenate, sodium glycerophosphate, iron gluconate. Can be given to a child who is 1 year old.
• Supersan. The drug is a serotonin and histamine antagonist. These mediators, accumulating in the center of hunger, suppress the feeling of appetite. Stopping the action of these mediators, the drug provokes an increase in appetite.
• Insulin and anabolic hormones. These groups of drugs are prescribed mainly for anorexia, cancer and AIDS, when excessive weight loss can lead to death. Ultra-short-acting insulin can cause a strong feeling of hunger in just 15 minutes. Anabolic steroids have properties to increase appetite and increase protein synthesis in the body, which promotes healthy growth. muscle mass, the speedy healing of wounds and the fusion of bones. Used drugs such as testosterone enanthate, retabolil, primobolan. At the same time, along with high efficiency, insulin and anabolic steroids have a large number of contraindications and side effects, which significantly limits their use.

To increase the appetite of cancer patients, the hormones megestrol and dexamethasone are prescribed. The consequence of the use of these drugs is to increase the feeling of hunger, get rid of nausea and improve overall well-being.

Vitamins for adults

Vitamin deficiency provokes disruption of the organs and systems in the human body. The metabolic rate drops, appetite disappears, sleep is disturbed and fatigue increases. To eliminate the deficiency, it is most effective to use vitamins or vitamin-mineral complexes.

Popular drugs for adults are:

• Immunal Forte;
• Multi-tabs Immuno Plus;
• Vitrum.

Increased appetite in children and adolescents

Of the vitamin complexes, children are prescribed Elkar, Pikovit, Kavit Junior, Vitrum Kids.

It is important to keep in mind that it is strictly forbidden to prescribe vitamins or a vitamin-mineral complex to a child on their own. This should be done by the doctor after the examination.

Toddlers under 1 year old nutrients received with mother's milk. Therefore, the diet of a woman is of particular importance. Her diet should include required amount proteins, fats, carbohydrates, trace elements and vitamins. It is not recommended to use potent drugs for mother and child at this stage.

When feeding a child 3 years and older, it is important to consider not only the composition of the product, but also its color, temperature and shape. In addition, on the eve of a meal, it is necessary to create a favorable psychological atmosphere. It is effective to give your child sweet mint tea half an hour before a meal. If the initial recommendations do not have the desired effect, it is necessary, after consulting a doctor, to start taking medications. The most effective of them are:

First of all, it can even increase appetite proper diet. It is better to eat often, but in small portions, while using the foods that you like the most. In addition, try to constantly update your diet so that certain foods do not start to disgust. Even if some dish is your favorite, you should not eat it every day. Eliminate food at night and in the middle of the night - this inevitably leads to a decrease in blood levels, and as a result, an increase in appetite. Use a variety of spices for your dishes.

Get in the habit of drinking a glass of sour juice before meals. A little sugar will cause an increase in insulin in the blood, which stimulates appetite, and the sour taste of juice stimulates the mucous membranes reflexively. In addition, before eating, you can take a few tablespoons of cabbage juice, eat a fresh slice or no more than 100 mg in solution. If you do not like these products, give preference to fresh sour.

Eat one apple 20-30 minutes before meals

Psychologists say that even a beautifully laid table plays an important role in stimulating appetite. You may not even have time to taste a bite, but it will be difficult to resist a beautifully set table, well-decorated dishes and the aroma of food. Good rest and physical activity can also increase your appetite. Sometimes, to increase appetite, you can carry out planned hunger strikes: do not eat during the day, but drink the required amount of water. However, remember that such hunger strikes can only be carried out by healthy people.

Bitterness to increase appetite

Efficiency: moderate

Bitterness is actively involved in increasing appetite. These are a variety of bitter herbal extracts that have an irritating effect on the gastric mucosa, which allows you to reflexively increase your appetite. The bitterness sold in pharmacies has no contraindications and side effects, and is also absolutely safe for health. In addition, you can buy bitterness at a pharmacy, and you do not need a prescription.

Bitters (Tinctura amara)
It is used to increase appetite inside, 10-20 drops per reception. Take half an hour before meals.

Collection appetizing (Species amarae)
It is taken to increase appetite in a tablespoon up to 4 times a day. It is used 30 minutes before meals in the form of an infusion, which will be obtained if a tablespoon of the collection is diluted in a glass of boiling water.

Calamus rhizome (Rhizoma Calami)
The infusion contains essential oils, tannins and bitter substance akorin. Take to increase appetite in the form of an infusion 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals, ¼ cup.

Centaury herb (HerbaCentaurii)
The herb contains alkaloids (gentiamin, erythricin), bitter glycosides (such as erytaurine, gentiopicrin and erythrocentaurin), as well as the flavone glycoside centaurein. Take as an infusion 3-4 times a day, a tablespoon 30 minutes before meals. This bitterness is part of the drug depuraflux.

Home drops Montana (Montanahomedrops)
Drops taken orally 1-2 teaspoons after meals with a little water. If the appetite is reduced - you should also use them before meals, 20 minutes before. For constipation, Montana drops are diluted in warm water, from the ratio: 2 teaspoons per glass of water, taken before breakfast on an empty stomach.

Dandelion Root (Radix Taraxaci)
Dandelion root contains resins, bitter glycoside (taraxacin), inulin (up to 40-45%) and other excipients. Taken as an infusion, ¼ cup 30 minutes before eating. It is worth insisting on the root at the rate of a teaspoon per glass of boiling water, taken at least 3 times a day. Dandelion root is part of the drug Montana home drops, and therefore it is not advisable to combine them.

Wormwood Grass (Herba Absinthii)
The herb contains essential oils (no more than 2%), bitter substances (anabsinthine and absinthine), flavonoid artemisetin, tannins, etc. Take 3 times a day half an hour before meals as an infusion. Use bitterness in a tablespoon or as a tincture (no more than 20 drops). Wormwood herb can be found in preparations such as vitaon, aristochol, belladonna tincture, wormwood, valerian, peppermint, in stomach tablets with belladonna extract.

Appetite enhancers

Pernexin elixir (Pernexin elixir)

Efficiency: moderate

Elixir is a safe complex drug that helps increase appetite. The drug contains thiamine hydrochloride, liver extract, riboflavin, cyanocobalamin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, calcium pantothenate, niacin, iron gluconate, sodium glycerophosphate, and many vitamins. All components of the drug are of natural origin.

Peritol

Efficiency: high

Synonyms: Supersan, Vinorex, Periaktin, Adekin, Apetigen, Tsipraktin, Tsiprodin, Istabin, Cyproheptadine, Vieldrin, Pariaktin, Astonin.

Pharmachologic effect: It is a histamine and serotonin antagonist. These components, accumulating in the center responsible for hunger, suppress the feeling of appetite. Peritol blocks the action of these mediators and thus increases appetite.

Instructions for use: To increase appetite, take 0.5-1 tablet 3-4 times a day or 1-2 teaspoons in the form of syrup 3-4 times a day.

Side effects: Seen infrequently. Mild nausea, headache, anxiety, dizziness, and spasms may occur.

Contraindications: The drug is contraindicated in people suffering from glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure), stomach ulcers, asthma attacks. Also, the remedy is not prescribed for children under 2 years of age and the elderly.

Insulin

Efficiency: very high

Fast-acting insulin 5-10 IU before meals. A significant increase in appetite is observed within 20 minutes after administration. Insulin is popular in bodybuilding as it has a pronounced anabolic effect. Before use, a doctor's consultation and detailed familiarization with pharmacological action drug.

Anabolic steroid

Efficiency: very high

Almost all groups of anabolics increase appetite, however the best remedy for these purposes is the drug Primobolan. However, when taking anabolic steroids, there are side effects which are common to all drugs.

Other drugs that can increase appetite

vitamins

Efficiency: moderate

Preparations with iron

Efficiency: moderate

Statistics show that drugs, which include, significantly increase appetite. Examples include drugs such as Sorbifer, Ferrum Lek, Fenyuls, etc. They are taken with food, but some iron-rich drugs can cause intestinal disorders.

How can you increase your appetite while doing bodybuilding?

If you are pursuing the goal of increasing your appetite, then you can follow the following algorithm, stopping at a certain stage that fully corresponds to your desires:

• Follow the recommendations of nutritionists, which are listed at the beginning of the article.
• Try to consume a lot of calories through liquid foods: protein shakes, food shakes, etc.
• Try taking vitamins (, B12, ascorbic acid)
• Start taking bitterness
• Take Peritol
• Take other drugs

However, it is better to dwell on only one specific point: excessive effort will only do harm.

Causes of decreased appetite

Before resorting to taking drugs that increase appetite, make sure that you do not suffer from diseases that cause decreased appetite. Such diseases can be:

• Gastritis, pulpitis and other intestinal diseases
• Liver disease
• Depression, stress and other mental disorders
• Oncological diseases
• Infections of any kind

In addition to the above, some groups of drugs can also reduce appetite: such as NSAIDs, antibiotics, antihypertensive drugs, as well as smoking and alcohol abuse