The position of the Vatican in historical and geographical regions. Vatican geographic location. Natural conditions and resources
State - city Vatican, a sovereign state. It was created according to the Lutheran agreements between the Roman Catholic Church and the Italian state of February 11, 1929. The Vatican is located in the western part of Rome on the right bank of the Tiber River. Here is the seat of the highest administrative centers of the Roman Catholic Church. The country has cathedral of st. Petra and the Vatican palaces with museums and libraries, administrative buildings, churches, houses, courtyards and gardens. Vatican- Withsmallest country in the world. Its area is 0.44 sq. km.
Climate of the Vatican subtropical mediterranean. Average January temperatures range from 0 C to +12 C, July - from +20 to +28 C. Precipitation falls up to 700 mm., Especially in winter, in the form of rain. Snow is extremely rare. The most convenient time to visit the country April to June and September to November.
Visas, entry rules, customs rules
Customs regulations Vatican City are determined by the customs legislation of Italy. For import and export of local and foreign currencies none no restrictions. You can freely import up to 10 thousand euros or an equivalent amount in another currency. Export of large amounts must allow Customs.
From outside the EU per person can bring no more than 200 cigarettes or 250 gr. tobacco, up to 2 liters. wine or up to 1 liter. alcoholic beverages with a strength of over 22%, up to 250 ml. toilet water and 50 ml. spirits. It is also allowed to import jewelry, 1 radio, 1 tape recorder, 2 cameras, 1 video camera, 2 pairs of skis, 2 tennis rackets, 1 bicycle, 1 boat, one kayak or surfboard.
To visit the Vatican needed standard Italian or Schengen visa. To obtain a tourist visa, you must first obtain a passport, 2 application forms and the original invitation, 1 photo 3x4 cm, a certificate from the place of work. The period of stay on a tourist visa is limited to 2 weeks. Visas for a longer period are issued in rare cases, and they also take longer to process. The consular fee is $36.
Every tourist must have with you cash at the rate of $50 per day for the first 10 days of stay, and then $25 per day. Entering the Vatican with children entails unnecessary difficulties. You need a birth certificate and a copy of it. It is advised to paste pictures of children entered in the passport, regardless of age, because. the authorities have the right not to accept the child into the country. An original power of attorney with a translation into Italian is required, indicating the address and phone number of the parents. The power of attorney remains at the consulate and is not returned to the client.
Population, political condition
Permanent population- about a thousand people, of which less than half have Vatican citizenship, mostly - clerics, Swiss guards, gendarmes and a few "secular" citizens. More than 3 thousand people permanently living and working on the lands of the Vatican are citizens of Italy and other states.
Control form— absolute democracy. The Vatican became an independent state in 1929 in accordance with the Lutheran Accords between the Italian government and the Pope.
Head of State and of the entire Roman Catholic Church— Dad elected for life by the College of Cardinals. The Pope has all legislative, executive and judicial power in the country and in the Catholic world as a whole. The duty of government is carried out by a commission of pontiffs headed by the secretary of state.
What to watch
Vatican Gardens bounded by ramparts erected by popes since the Renaissance and Baroque eras. In the westernmost part of the gardens Residence of Pope Leo XIII, where until 1936 was Vatican observatory. Emphasizes residence of Pope Pius IV with bright frescoes inside.
The Vatican is a big treasure trove of art. Many of them are frescoes specially created for internal walls palaces. Collected in galleries and inner palaces examples of painting, sculpture and other arts.
Extraordinary works of art are exhibited in the Vatican Museums. At the Pinakothek collected the richest collection of renaissance paintings and Baroque. There is 3 masterpieces by Raphael:Madonna of Foligno, Assumption and Transfiguration, as well as many paintings created from sketches by Raphael for Sistine Chapel depicting the deeds of the apostles. Among other famous paintings, Saint Jeremiah by Leonardo da Vinci, Pieta by Giovanni Bellini, the Entombment of Caravaggio, the Martyrdom of St. Erasmus Poussin and masterfully written Crucifixion of the Apostle Peter by Guido Reni.
Vatican Antiquities Collection- one of the best in the world. In addition to a rich collection of small forms of Roman art, including glass, ivory, bronze and mosaic, here are wonderful ides of Roman painting from the excavations of Pompeii and Herculaneum. The largest of them are the so-called. Aldobrandine wedding and Odyssey landscapes.
Among the treasures of the Vatican stand out frescoes in the Sistine Chapel, written by Michelangelo in 1508-1512, commissioned by Julius II. The frescoes are placed in rectangular and triangular cells "supported" by architectural elements. Hundreds of figures are depicted in an amazing variety of movements and poses. Such a beautiful picture big court, completed by Michelangelo in 1541. It captures the entire altar wall. In contrast to the bright paintings on the ceiling, dedicated to the plots of the Testament. Although the original shades have faded over time, the composition of the painting still remains.
The Sistine Chapel also features other notable early Renaissance works by Perugino, Botticelli, Signorelli, Ghirlandaio, Pinturicchio and Cosimo Roselli.
On the floor above the Sistine Chapel are the famous paintings by Raphael, which were signed by order of several popes. Raphael himself worked under Julius II and Leo X. The painting was completed under Clement VII by Raphael's students. The frescoes were created in an era when the Renaissance achieved its rise: in Stanza Senyatura - the School of Athens, Dispute and Parnassus by Raphael, in Stanza d "Eliodoro - the Expulsion of Eliodor, the Liberation of the Apostle Peter from prison, the Mass in Bolsena, and in the Stanza del Incendio - the Fire in Borgo and the Coronation of Charlemagne by Pope Leo III.
From other Vatican frescoes there are works by Fra Angelico, reproducing scenes from the life of Saints Stephen and Laurence in the chapel of Father Nicholas V; chambers of Alexander VI's father, known as the apartments of Borgia, magnificently painted by Pinturicchio with scenes from sacred history and from pagan myths; frescoes from the history of the papacy in the Sala Reggia, created by Giorgio Vasari, Francesco Salviati and Federigo Zuccaro and other masters. Frescoes in the Vatican Library, the plots of which are partly inspired by the paintings found in the palace of the ruler Nero; ceiling painting of the Aldobrandino Wedding Hall with scenes from the life of Samson, painted by Guido Reni, and frescoes in the San Bibiana Chapel, commissioned by Pope Urban VIII by a painter of the 17th century. Pietro da Cortona.
Vatican Library contains approximately 65 thousand manuscripts, 400 thousand published volumes, 100 thousand geographical maps and engravings and over 100 thousand autographed items. The library has an exhibition of the most important and beautifully designed editions kept in the Vatican. Among countless old illustrated books there are two manuscripts of the 4th c. AD with poetic texts by Virgil. Ancient written documents of the works of Virgil, Cicero and Terentius serve as primary sources for new editions of these writers. Other items in the library are author's manuscripts and letters of such prominent figures of the Middle Ages and Renaissance as Thomas Aquinas, Petrarch, Michelangelo, Raphael, Luther and Henry VIII; paintings by Botticelli for Dante's Divine Comedy; the Roman diary of Antonio da Sangallo; two examples of Byzantine art - the Scroll of Joshua Roll and the Menologion of Basil II; as well as a complete set of Bible editions, including copies of the smallest and largest formats.
Vatican collections of antiquities- this is Pio Clementino Museum, where many sculptures collected by the popes are found. Some of them were in the villa of the emperor Hadrian near Tivoli and in the palace of the ruler Nero. They served as initial models for Renaissance sculptors who were inspired by ancient art. The most famous dating back to the 1st century. BC. Belvedere torso. The same value is sculptural group Laokon, which Michelangelo considered a model, and statue of Apollo Belvedere admired during the Renaissance.
Chiaramonti Museum also has very large archaeological collections. In his Gallery Lapidario there are many ancient inscriptions. The museum itself has a very beautiful display of Roman statues. The aesthetically largest exhibition pieces are concentrated in Braccio Nuovo. Here stand out Prima Porta Augustus- the best surviving image of the first Roman emperor; magnificent figure of the Nile, embodying the traditions of Hellenism, the magnificent Roman copy of Doryphoros Polikleitos.
Gregorian Museum dedicated Egyptian art. The most famous treasures of this museum are statue of the god Mars from Todi and excellently preserved Tomb of Regolini Galassi.
About 2000 years ago in a small Jewish village in a poor family of Joseph, his wife Mary had a child, who was named Jesus. This is how a new faith appeared - Christianity. The essence of Christianity lies in the belief in one Lord.
Christianity was inextricably linked until the 11th century. It is in this century Roman Catholic Church, unilaterally, included in the general church confession of faith the fundamentally last sentence about the Holy Trinity, which was the reason " Great Schism". Eastern Christian churches from that time began to be called Orthodox, and all Western countries subordinate to Rome ended up in the Roman Catholic Church.
Roman Catholic Church this is more than 900 million followers, which far exceeds the number of other followers of different directions of Christianity. Leading the Catholic Church costs pope- just like that since the III-IV centuries. began to call themselves the bishops of Rome. Since the 6th century, this term has been attached to the head of the Christian community " eternal city » Rome. Roman Bishops calling themselves " vicars of god on earth”, claimed the honorary dignity of all Christian churches.
A lot of powerful Catholic churches stretched from Rome throughout Europe, under the jurisdiction of the pope and not dependent on local authorities. Numerous active military-religious orders were also created.
During the Franco-Prussian War 1870-1871 the capital of the papal country, Rome, was the capital of Italy and, together with the territory of the Vatican, became part of the Italian country. Only in 1929 did Pope Pius XI manage to reach an agreement with Mussolini's fascist regime on Lutheran agreements.
New concordat 1984 confirmed the sovereignty of the Vatican, solemnly handed over to the Italians the freedom of religion.
Characteristically, it was only in October 1993, after a ten-year dispute, that the pope recognized the trade union of civil officials and workers. Since October 1995, all 2,500 Vatican workers must adhere to the latest official regulations, which contained "fidelity to the pope", the rejection of divorce and abortion.
International trade
The main sources of income for the Vatican — tourism and Catholic donations. Mostly Italians work in the Vatican. The citizens of the Vatican mostly work in the church.
Foreign trade is almost non-existent.
The shops
Shops open from 8:00 to 13:00 and from 15:30 to 20:00. Sunday and Monday until noon.
Drinks in the hotel room bar are not included in the room rate, and paid extra when leaving the hotel. The same applies to telephone conversations. Moreover, not only long-distance calls are paid, but even calls within the city.
Demography
Vatican does not have its permanent population. On its territory lives Dad, leaders and employees of the Vatican institutions.
Industry
There is no industry in the Vatican.
Flora and fauna
Vegetable and animal world The Vatican is not only poor, but its general No. Because the country is the smallest in the world.
Banks and money
Vatican banknotes / Currency converter
Banks are open from Monday to Friday from 8.30 to 13.30 and from 15.00 to 16.15, Saturday and Sunday are days off.
money can exchange outside the Vatican, in Italy, at currency exchange offices, at banks, at the post office. At airports, as a rule, the exchange rate is less favorable, but the exchange points there work around the clock. There are also exchange machines that accept US dollars. In wide use plastic cards and traveler's checks. In institutions that accept cards, ads are usually posted in the window. Carta-si».
Geographical position
A state located on the territory of the capital of Italy - Rome (on the hill of Monte Vaticano). The total area is 0.44 km2 (in Rome and its environs, the Vatican owns three cathedrals, several palaces and villas with a total area of 0.7 km2). The length of the border with Italy is 3.2 km.
State structure
The full name is the State of the Vatican. State structure- absolute theocratic monarchy. The capital is the Vatican. The Vatican received its independence on February 11, 1929 from Italy. The national holiday is celebrated on October 22 - the day of the election of Pope John Paul II (1978). The head of state is the Pope, who has absolute power in the Vatican. In the absence of the Pope, the affairs of the Vatican are led by the Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church. The Vatican also has its own government - the Roman Curia.
Population
The population is 830 people, but the Vatican citizenship has about 700 people (1995). Ethnic composition: Italians, Swiss (from which, according to tradition, they form the guard of the Vatican). The official languages are Latin and Italian. The Vatican is the international center of Catholicism. Most of the inhabitants serve in the Vatican institutions (high church dignitaries, priests, monks, etc.), approximately 3,000 people work in the Vatican, but live outside the country.
Economy
The Vatican owns shares of large multinational companies, is associated with the largest banks in the USA, Great Britain, Italy. Unofficial estimates of the value of shares and other valuables of the Vatican, including gold reserves, are more than 13 billion dollars. The Vatican also receives a regular income from the sale of postage stamps, contributions from Roman Catholics around the world, the sale of postcards and souvenirs. The monetary unit is the Vatican lira (1 Vatican lira (VLit) is equal to 100 cents).
History of the Vatican
Formed in 1929 by the Lateran Accords, the Vatican City is the seat of the Pope. The Vatican also owns about a dozen buildings in Rome, as well as outside. The Vatican has its own flag, currency (Vatican lira), army (Swiss guard), radio station and newspapers.
Attractions
The most valuable treasures of culture and art are concentrated in the Vatican. Among them: the Cathedral of St. Peter (San Pietro, 15th-18th centuries); chapels: Sistine with frescoes by Michelangelo (15th century), Nicholas V (15th century), Paolina (16th century); the palace complex of the Reggia Hall (16th century) and the Regia Rock (17th century); Borgia apartments with Raphael's Stations (15th century); the courtyard of San Damaso with the Loggias of Raphael; Belvedere courtyard (16th century); gardens from the Casino of Pius IV (16th century). In the palaces of the Vatican there are art museums, a library.
Participation in international organizations
The Vatican participates in organizations: CSCE, IAEA, ISCO, IMF (observer), INTELSAT, ITU, OAS (observer), UN (observer), UNCTAD, UNHCR, UPU, WIPO, WTO (observer).
Vatican City State.
The state got its name from the name of the hill Mot Vaticanus, from the Latin vaticinia - "place of divination."
Head of State of the Vatican. The Pope of Rome, elected for life by secret ballot in the College of Cardinals (conclave), has supreme legislative, executive and judicial power.
Supreme legislative body of the Vatican. Unicameral Pontifical Council.
Supreme executive body of the Vatican. Missing.
Official language of the Vatican. Italian, Latin.
Ethnic composition of the Vatican. Mostly Italians and.
Currency of the Vatican. Euro = 100 cents.
Attractions of the Vatican. The city is surrounded by medieval walls, the entrance to the Vatican is St. Peter's Square (XVIII century). The colonnade leads to the huge Cathedral of St. Peter. The Papal Palace includes more than 1000 rooms, chapels, museums, and a library. The Sistine Chapel with frescoes by Michelangelo, the Museum of Art, the Etruscan Museum, the Pio Clementino Museum are famous. There is the Vatican Pinakothek of Italian painting of the XIV-XVII centuries.
Useful information for tourists
Shops are located mainly outside the Vatican and are open from 8.00 to 13.00 and from 15.30 to 20.00. Church shops are open on an individual schedule. On Mondays and Sundays, as well as on religious holidays, all shops are closed, some are open on Saturdays only until lunch. Some large stores in the vicinity of the Vatican serve customers around the clock, on Monday - from 15.30 to 19.30, but Sunday is a day off.
Churches are open from early morning until 12:00 or 12:30, then they close for 3 hours, receiving visitors after a siesta, and work until 19:00 or even later. The main cathedrals and basilicas are open all day, but more often the schedule is individual.
Visiting churches during religious ceremonies is not recommended. A sufficient amount of 50-cent coins should be prepared in advance for machines that turn on the lighting of church interiors. It is convenient to view the paintings on the ceilings and domes of churches through binoculars. On excursions, it is best to use soft sports shoes, as you usually have to walk a lot. It is forbidden to smoke in the vicinity of temples, in public, taxis, in most theaters and cinemas, as well as in shops. It should be borne in mind that the main part of the temples and buildings of the Vatican are active, so attempts to enter any room without the permission of the administration can be politely but firmly suppressed.
, located in the heart of the eternal city of Rome, the smallest recognized state in the world, located on the right bank of the Tiber River. Despite the fact that the territory of the Vatican can be walked around in a day, the world significance of the state is invaluable - after all, it is the residence of the highest spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church., attracts not only Catholics from all over the world, but also numerous tourists. It is in the Vatican that you can see the Pope with your own eyes, stroll through the luxurious papal gardens, look at the famous Swiss guard, get acquainted with the works of Michelangelo, Raphael and Botticelli in magnificent museums, admire the wonderful frescoes of the Sistine Chapel.
It is interesting that every inhabitant of the city-state is a subject of the Holy See and a minister of the Catholic Church, because citizenship as such does not exist.
Capital and major cities of the Vatican
Status in the world - an auxiliary sovereign territory of the Holy See, where the residence of the highest spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church is located.- the only country where the official language is Latin. Second official language- Italian.
maintains diplomatic relations with the EU and the Palestine Liberation Organization and is a member of 15 international organizations, including WHO, WTO, UNESCO, OSCE and FAO.
Attractions of the Vatican
To the north of St. Peter's Cathedral lies an equally significant World Heritage Site - Apostolic Palace. It includes dozens of unique museums and galleries, including the famous The Sistine Chapel- the true personification of the greatness of the Italian masters of the Renaissance. The most famous works in the museum - frescoes by Michelangelo and paintings by Raphael. Until now, a conclave is being held within its walls - the ceremony of electing a new Pope.
As part of the architectural complex of the Apostolic Palace, you can visit the Vatican library- the largest repository of ancient manuscripts. A handwritten Bible dating back to the 4th century AD is kept here.
Fans of massive structures as well as opera fans will be delighted with St. Angelo, one of the most majestic and outstanding historical buildings in Rome.
You should definitely visit other Vatican museums with world-famous exhibits. The Gregorian Etruscan Museum, the Vatican Pinakothek, the Chiaramonti Museum, the Raphael Stanzas, the "tapestry gallery" and many others.
You can also take a walk through the picturesque Gardens. Continuing the walk through the gardens, you can conquer the hill of Monte Mario (Monte Mario), which offers an immense panorama of Rome.
Climate and weather of the Vatican
The climate is subtropical Mediterranean. Maximum amount precipitation falls in winter, summer is relatively dry season. Winters with frosts almost never happen here. The usual winter temperature is +5-10°C. Summers are long and hot with temperatures of +25-30°C, sometimes rising above +40°C.The best time to visit is spring and autumn.
Nature of the Vatican
Nature is not so diverse due to the small size of the state, however, even in a dwarf state, you can find several outstanding natural attractions. The state itself is located on the Vatican Hill
One of the attractions is the Tiber River. However, the main natural attraction of the Vatican is the famous gardens of the Vatican that trace their history back to the 14th century. The Vatican Gardens are a picturesque park area located on the hill of the same name and occupying more than half of total area territory. There are a number of interesting buildings here, as well as several springs, green lawns, pines, oaks, pines, cypresses, olives and other trees.
The fauna is represented by the inhabitants of the Vatican gardens. There are many rodents, bats, rabbits, squirrels, snakes and lizards. On the branches you can see a wide variety of bird species, including parrots.
Culture and national features of the Vatican
The dough culture is connected with religion. - the spiritual center of Catholicism. Under his leadership and control, numerous educational establishments, the Catholic press, radio and television, church and secular organizations in many countries of the world. Art, traditions, customs - everything is connected with religion. The main celebrations are also timed to coincide with the Christian holidays of Christmas and Easter, these days the Pope addresses the faithful with a solemn message and serves public masses in St. Peter's Basilica or in St. Peter's Square in front of the cathedral.
An important event in cultural life are election of the pope. The pope is chosen by an assembly of cardinals known as a conclave. These elections are very ancient history and carried out in strict secrecy. After the vote of the cardinals, which takes place in two stages, the ballots with the names of the candidates are burned, and if there is white smoke, then a new head of the Catholic Church has been chosen.
business cards are swiss guards. The main purpose of the guard is to protect the pontiff. It is not simple armed forces, and one of the oldest armies in the world that has survived to this day, and the smallest army on the planet. Not a single solemn and diplomatic ceremony is complete without them.
When visiting, you should follow a number of rules of conduct:
Both men and women are not allowed to appear in revealing clothing: shorts, miniskirts, etc.
It is forbidden to carry piercing and cutting objects. Tourists with a long umbrella, tripod, glassware, knives and other items will not be allowed through the metal detector.
With food (even with a bottle mineral water) entrance to museums is also prohibited.
You can take pictures only in those halls of museums where there is no prohibition sign. In particular, it is forbidden to shoot with a flash in the "tapestry gallery". Photography is not allowed in the Sistine Chapel.
Vatican cuisine
Each district Italy has its own traditional dishes.
Business card Italy - "paste", whose varieties are innumerable.
An Italian meal is unthinkable without a salad (insalata) from fresh vegetables, flavored with vinegar and olive oil, with pieces of cheese or breadsticks "grissini".
Another "calling card" of Italian cuisine is cheese. There are a lot of types of cheese here - the famous "Mozzarella" from buffalo milk and its varieties, "grana", "parmigiano-reggiano", "gorgonzola", or smoked "provola", etc.
And, of course, pizza in all its forms and variants - here the undisputed leader is Naples and Campania.
Of the meat dishes, the most famous "carpaccio"(raw marinated meat), "bistecca aglia valdostana" (fried cutlet with fontina cheese and ham) and the usual "costoletto" (cutlets) of all kinds, etc.
Closer to the south, fish and seafood occupy an increasing place on the menu.
Italian desserts are excellent cake "tiramisu", cannoli biscuits made from cottage cheese, zeppole with almonds, as well as first-class Sicilian sweets.
The traditional Italian drink is coffee. It is impossible to imagine an Italian meal without wine.
As a religious country, there are a number of features. Many fasts are observed in the country, especially Great Lent before Easter, when cereals, bread, vegetables and fruits are eaten.
Shopping and souvenirs of the Vatican
What souvenirs can you bring from?
Here you can buy souvenirs of religious Christian themes: various crosses, amulets, rings, caskets, a large selection of rosaries and crucifixes.
Silver pendant embellished with an angel by Michelangelo.
Copies of world-famous masterpieces of Italian masters.
A CD with the Lord's Prayer, which was said by the Pope personally.
Calendars on a Christian theme, with images of the main attractions of the Vatican, postcards, sculptures.
Fridge magnets depicting St. Peter's Basilica, Sistine Chapel.
A bottle of holy water blessed by the Pope himself.
The most unusual souvenir that cannot be bought in any other country in the world is postage stamps.
Water and food in the Vatican
Buy bottled drinking water can be in any store. However, the prices in stores for water are quite high. Water can be bottled from drinking fountains located throughout Rome and. You can also taste "holy water" from the fountains in Piazza San Pietro.Vatican currency exchange
On July 2, 2001, Pope John Paul II agreed to the adoption of a law according to which, from January 1, 2002, the euro currency was introduced into.Euro is equal to 100 cents. There are banknotes in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 euros, as well as coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cents. issues its own euro banknotes (coins in denominations of 1 and 2 euros, as well as 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cents). The peculiarity of the monetary units produced is the profile image of Pope John Paul II on the front side.
Currency is exchanged outside, in Italy, in banks, at currency exchange offices, at the post office. If you exchange at airports, then a commission will be charged for this procedure, but the exchange points there work around the clock. Exchange machines that accept US dollars can be found everywhere.
You can easily use credit cards to pay.
Communications and Internet of the Vatican
Most of the territory is covered by a mobile communication network. Standards - GSM 900/1800. The main mobile operators are Italian (TIM, Vodafone, Wind and 3 Italia).Belarusian mobile operators (MTS, Velcom) cooperate with Italian mobile companies, providing roaming throughout the territory. The cost of international roaming service should be specified at the offices of mobile operators in Belarus.
Almost everywhere on the territory there is a 3G network, you can use the Wi-Fi connection.
- Calls from the country to Belarus from a mobile: +375 12345678
- Calls from the country to Belarus from a landline: 00 375 12345678
- Calls from Belarus to the country from a mobile: +379698 12345
- Calls from Belarus to the country from a landline: 810 379698 12345
Vatican Emergency Phones
Vatican visa
Visa opening: opens in advance Since it is located in Italy, a valid Schengen visa is required to visit it. You can get a Schengen visa at the Italian Embassy in Belarus.
Address: st. Rakovskaya 16B, Minsk, 220004
Phone: +375 17 220-29-69
Opening hours: Mon-Fri 09.00 - 17.45
Visa type:
- !short-term Schengen visa type C (tourist)
The earliest date for the acceptance of documents for obtaining a visa:
- 3 months before the start of the trip
The latest deadline for accepting documents for obtaining a visa:
- 10 days
General list of documents to be submitted to the visa department
Passport:
- !a copy of pages 31-33 of the passport is required
- !need a copy of Schengen visas issued within the last 3 years, incl. old passports
- the validity period must exceed the date of the intended departure from the territory of the state by at least 10 months
Color photo:
- !1 photo required
- !background - white
- format 3.5x4.0 cm
A completed application form:
- !the questionnaire must be signed by adult applicants
- the questionnaire must be filled in Russian in Latin letters
- visa requests for minors must be submitted on an application form signed by parents or legal guardians, who must provide their contact details and attach a copy of ID
Medical insurance:
- !must be valid for the entire period of stay and on the territory of all Schengen member states in case of need to finance emergency medical care in the amount of at least 30,000 Euro
Documents confirming the purpose of the trip and residence:
- voucher issued by the Italian travel partner in the name of the client (copy)
- letter of guarantee on company letterhead from our company (in Italian or English language) indicating the full cost of the package of services and a breakdown of the program of stay, client data and names of Italian partner agencies
- receipt of prepayment (payment) for the tour in our company
- a letter from the Italian partner travel agency with a request to open a visa in the name of the tourist and with confirmation of the booking and payment of the accommodation in the name of the client in the specified period (copy)
- voucher issued by our company in the name of the client (original and copy)
Transport:
- !when traveling by car - registration certificate, driver's license, motor vehicle insurance policy (original and copy)
- valid travel documents or round trip air/rail/bus ticket reservation (original and copy)
- contract for the provision of transport services in the case of a group trip (original and photocopy)
Confirmation of financial security and profession:
- cash or bank statement
- certificate of employment (original)
- technical passport of the car (original and copy, if any)
- work book (original and copy)
The cost of the visa fee for the consideration of documents:
- !for adults aged 18 and over - 60 €
- !for children under 18 - 60 €
For individual entrepreneurs:
- !certificate of registration (original and copy)
- !certificate from the tax office on the payment of a single tax with confirmation of doing business at the moment
- license with a description of the field of activity (original and copy)
For persons working under an employment contract with an individual entrepreneur:
- a copy of the certificate of state registration of the IP and license with a description of the scope of activity with the seal and signature of the IP
- certificate of salary or tax payment (with breakdown of salary for the last 12 months)
- employment contract / agreement certified by the tax office (original and copy)
For pensioners:
- !pension certificate (original and copy)
- documents confirming kinship (originals and copies)
- certificate of receipt of pension for the last 12 months
- financial documents of the person paying for the trip
For students:
- !documents confirming the financial support of one of the parents
- !birth certificate (original and copy)
- !certificate from the place of study (indicating the year of study and specialty, the certificate is valid for no more than 30 days)
- record book (original and copy)
- student card (original and copy)
For minors:
- !in case of a mismatch of surnames - other documents confirming kinship
- in case of departure with both parents - an apostilled birth certificate (copy and original); mutual permission from both parents to travel for tourism purposes to Italy, notarized (original)
- in case of departure with one of the parents or with a close relative - a birth certificate, apostilled and translated into Italian by a translator accredited at the Embassy of Italy (copy and original)
- in the absence of the permission of the second parent, supporting documents are provided: certificate in form No. 2, death certificate, decision of the competent court on deprivation of parental rights ... (originals and copies)
- travel permit from one or both parents respectively, notarized, apostilled and translated into Italian by a translator accredited at the Embassy of Italy (original)
The order of crossing the border of the Vatican
Determined by the customs legislation of Italy, entry and entry into the territory is not regulated. There are no restrictions on the import and export of local and foreign currencies. You can freely take out up to 10 thousand euros or an equivalent amount in another currency. The export of large amounts must be authorized by the customs authorities.From outside the EU, per person, you can import:
- up to 200 cigarettes or 100 cigarillos (weighing no more than 3 g each), or 50 cigars, or 250 g of tobacco;
- up to 1 liter of spirits (more than 22% alcohol content) or up to 2 liters of wine (less than 22% alcohol content), or dessert or sparkling wine - up to 2 liters, or table wine - up to 2 liters;
- no more than 500 g of coffee or 200 g of coffee extract;
- up to 100 g of tea or 40 g of tea extract;
- up to 50 g of perfume and 250 ml of toilet water.
- products containing meat or milk, including sausages, canned food, lard and even chocolates (the ban does not apply to baby food and special preparations needed for people with certain chronic diseases; in this case, the products must be carefully packaged and weight should not exceed 2 kilograms).
- import of drugs and narcotic drugs, medications, firearms and ammunition, explosives (including fireworks), edged weapons (including shock-crushing action), pornography, plants, flowers, animals and birds, as well as haberdashery and souvenir products made from endangered species of plants and animals.
The transit of historical valuables and documents is prohibited without accompanying and permitting documents or a sales receipt and permission from the Ministry fine arts Italy.
Vatican public transport
Given the size of the state, transport in has a fairly developed transport system associated with Rome.The main modes of transport in are:
Buses. The purchased ticket must be validated at the entrance. It is not valid for 1 trip, but for a certain period of time. Tickets are sold at special kiosks. If desired, you can get a ticket.
Trams: they are painted orange, and you need to pay for the fare using the same system as on buses.
Taxi if desired, it can be called by phone. It is better to agree on a price in advance. It also has one helipad and an 852m railway linking the train station at St. Peter's with the main Italian network.
Schedule of transport from the Republic of Belarus in international traffic
Car rental in Vatican City
It is possible to rent a car. To rent a car, you must have an international driver's license and a credit card.However, on most streets the passage of cars is limited, parking here is quite expensive. Therefore, it is best to travel around on foot in order to better see all the local attractions.
Features of traffic rules of the Vatican
Movement in - right-hand. The traffic rules are identical to those of Italy. Movement in Italy right-sided.Speed limits:
- 50 km/h - in settlements;
- 90 km/h - outside settlements;
- 130 km / h - on freeways.
- overtaking the vehicle in front is allowed only on the left;
- blood alcohol content should not exceed 0.08 ppm;
- you can use a mobile phone while driving only if you have a hands-free headset or a speakerphone;
- at roundabouts, the one who is currently on the circle always has the advantage;
- drivers and passengers of vehicles must wear seat belts;
- Children may only be transported in special child car seats that are appropriate for the age, weight and size of the child.
Petrol stations located in cities Italy, work from 8.00 to 19.30 (break 13.00-14.30). Outside the city, most gas stations are open around the clock.
AT Italy There are different types of parking lots. It is forbidden to stop in places marked with a yellow-black stripe. A white line indicates free parking, while a light blue or blue line indicates that parking must be paid. Most often, such parking lots are equipped with special payment machines.
Vatican Medical Care and Insurance
Medical services are paid. Even for the provision of emergency emergency care, you will have to pay. Therefore, before traveling, be sure to take care of purchasing a reliable medical insurance policy - this is a guarantee of assistance in an unforeseen situation away from home and protection of your wallet from serious financial expenses related to receiving medical care in .Under the insurance policy against accidents and illnesses during a trip abroad, the insurance company pays for:
- expenses for the provision of emergency medical care: inpatient and outpatient treatment (examination) and consultations, provision of medicines, surgery, laboratory services / research using equipment (electroencephalography, ECG, tomography), radiography, dental services related to the removal of acute pain, within the limit established by the insurance contract;
- expenses for the provision of medical and transport assistance, including medical evacuation and medical repatriation to the Republic of Belarus;
- expenses for the return of the remains to their homeland in the event of death;
- burial expenses in the country where the insured event occurred, within the limit established by the insurance contract;
- expenses for the return to the Republic of Belarus of children under the age of 16 left unattended as a result of an insured event;
- expenses for telecommunications with an insurance company abroad;
- expenses for legal assistance in connection with the insured event.
Vatican Security
While on the territory, it is necessary to monitor the safety of personal belongings and documents (it is always better to have a photocopy of your passport with you). Special care must be taken in places frequented by tourists.Smoking the Vatican
In 2002, the Holy See, with the approval of Pope John Paul II, passed a law on a strict ban on smoking in all public places. It is forbidden not only to smoke, but also to light a cigarette in any enclosed space, as well as near churches and cathedrals.The fine for violating the smoking ban is 30 euros.
Capital - Vatican
Geographical position and relief
The smallest state in the world, located in the western part of the city of Rome, is the residence of the Pope. The area of the territory is only 0.44 km2. The country is an enclave of Italy, the length of the state border is 3.2 km.
Economy
The main sources of income include donations from believers, and tourism is also highly developed. The Vatican is a major shareholder in various banks and companies. City-state assets are represented in many countries. Postage stamps, coins, souvenirs are produced, radio programs are broadcast to many countries of the world.
Climate
The climate is subtropical Mediterranean with dry, hot summers and rainy winters. Freezes are very rare.
Population
The population is small, about 1000 people, but the daily population is increasing due to the Italians working in the country. The ethnic composition is represented by Italians and Swiss (Vatican Guard).
