Sociological research. Sociological study of the attitude of adolescents to drug addiction Sociological study of the attitude of young people
K. S. Stepanov
SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH "PARTICIPATION OF YOUTH IN
SOCIAL LIFE OF THE CITY»
SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH "YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN IN TOWN' SOCIAL LIFE"
GOU VPO Kirov GM A Ministry of Health and Social Development
The article presents the results of the sociological study "Youth Participation in the Social Life of the City". The topic of youth social activity is acute in our city. A survey was conducted among different strata of young people. Most of the youth of the city noted that the city authorities pay little attention to the problems of youth. Financial assistance for the development of cultural and sports life is not sufficient.
Key words: sociological, research, participation, activity, authorities.
In the article the results of sociological research Participation of the youth in the social life of the town are exposed. The theme of social activity of the youth is sharp in our town. The main part of the youth marked that the authorities pay little attention to the problems of the youth. The financial help to the development of cultural and sports life is not enough.
Key words: sociological, research, participation, activity, authorities.
The peculiarity of sociology is that it considers society as a single complete system, and its constituent parts are precisely as parts of a single whole. The main goal of studying society in sociology, unlike other sciences, is to raise the level and improve the conditions of human life, the study public life of a person, social groups, the study of phenomena and factors in the development of society, as well as the social conditionality of human health. Sociology performs a variety of functions in which its purpose and role are manifested. Among the most significant functions, one can single out theoretical and cognitive, worldview and ideological, critical, practical, etc. Its main function is the study of reality, the accumulation of knowledge about social reality, their generalization and compilation of the most complete characteristics modern social processes. This function applies to all levels of sociological knowledge and serves as the basis for the implementation of other functions. The practical function of sociology is connected with the improvement of socio-administrative and socio-political relations. The applied function is related to the fact that sociology is not limited to the knowledge of social reality. It develops proposals and recommendations for policy and practice aimed at improving social life, at increasing the efficiency of managing social processes. Sociology is one of the theoretical foundations politics and practice. Especially great importance have social foresight, planning and forecasting as specific forms of implementation of the applied function of sociology.
The actual use of the results of sociological research in the development of the fundamental foundations of social policy and in management practice
social processes is one of the urgent tasks of the development of our society.
Applied sociological research, which is usually understood as the application of the general provisions of sociological theory and the study of specific sociological phenomena and processes, is the most important component of the process of sociological research. Specific sociological research is a system of logically consistent methodological, methodological, organizational and technical procedures that contribute to obtaining new knowledge about the object under study in order to solve specific theoretical and practical social problems.
Sociological research consists of four successive, interrelated stages:
preparation of studies; collection of primary information; preparation collected information to processing and its processing; analysis of the processed information, preparation of a report on the results of the study, formulation of conclusions and proposals.
In accordance with the nature of the goal set and the tasks put forward, there are three main types of sociological research: intelligence, descriptive and analytical.
Questionnaire
The most common type of survey in the practice of applied sociology
Questioning. The collection of information is carried out using a questionnaire (questionnaire), developed specifically in accordance with the research program.
The questionnaire is a system of questions united by a single research concept aimed at identifying the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the object and subject of analysis. The respondent receives the questionnaire in his hands and fills it out, answering the questions in writing. There is no personal contact with the interviewer. An interviewer is a person who conducts a survey. Survey participants in applied sociology are usually called respondents.
The form of the survey can be individual or group.
Group surveys are used at the place of work or study. Questionnaires are distributed to be filled in in the audience, where the respondents included in the sample are invited for the survey. In case of individual questioning, the questionnaires are distributed at workplaces or at the place of residence of the respondents, and the time of return of the questionnaires is discussed in advance.
In the mass survey, the respondents are various socio-professional and demographic groups of the population. In specialized surveys, the main source of information is competent persons whose professional activity closely related to the subject matter. Participants of such op-
Rosov are experts. The questionnaire should have a clear composition. It consists of three semantic blocks: the introductory part, the main part and the "passport". The introductory part is an appeal to the respondent, which sets out the topic, goals, objectives of the survey, and explains the technique for filling out the questionnaire. The main block contains questions that reveal the content of the topic under study. In the "passport" questions are placed, with the help of which they obtain data about the identity of the respondent. Questionnaire questions are distinguished on three grounds: by content, by form and by function.
After completing the layout of the questionnaire, it must be subjected to logical control and tested by conducting a pilot study.
Rationale for the choice of the topic "Youth participation in the social life of the city of Kirov"
Numerous opinion polls recent years identify a common value and normative crisis among young people. An analysis of the results shows that over the past decade, complex processes have taken place in the youth environment, indicating a reassessment of the cultural values of previous generations, a violation of continuity in the transfer of sociocultural experience. The reform processes taking place in Russia highlight the problem of youth social participation in a new way. Firstly, youth is one of the largest socio-demographic groups in Russian society. Secondly, yesterday's graduates educational institutions replenish annually the socially active population of the country. Finally, the relevance of the socialization of youth is determined by the complexity of the time in which the youth find themselves. Previously created youth associations and organizations broke up, young people were left to themselves, the process of desocialization began, which led to a significant increase in the number of young people with deviant behavior. Today, the situation of life self-determination of youth is ambiguous. On the one hand, representatives of the younger generation make up a significant proportion of the new social strata; the number of young people leading social movements and political parties has increased. On the other hand, young people turned out to be one of the most unprotected social groups, their contradiction worsened significantly, caused by the discrepancy between the new socio-economic requirements and the personality traits of a young person, traditionally formed by the social institutions of Russian society. The object of the study is the youth of the city of Kirov. The subject of the study is the social activity of young people. The purpose of the study: to identify the level of active participation of the youth of the city of Kirov in the social life of the city. Research hypotheses:
1) young people do not consider it necessary to participate in the social life of the city of Kirov;
2) participation in the cultural, sports and socio-political life of the city has a positive effect on the youth of the city of Kirov;
3) the city administration does not pay enough attention to youth and its development.
As hypothetical factors of youth participation in the social life of the city of Kirov are:
The level of youth participation in the social life of the city;
The influence of public opinion on the attitude of young people to the social life of the city;
Attendance by youth of cultural and sports institutions of the city;
Influence on youth participation in the cultural life of the city;
Sufficient attention from the city administration to the youth.
To determine the level of youth participation in the social life of the city of Kirov, we introduced questions No. 1, 8, 21.
To determine the influence of public opinion on the attitude of young people to the social life of the city, we introduced questions No. 25, 28.
25. What or who, in your opinion, can stimulate young people to go in for sports to a greater extent? (you can choose no more than 2 answers).
b) friends;
c) parents;
d) your own version of __________________________________________
28. Who or what, in your opinion, can more effectively influence the social activity of young people? (you can choose no more than 2 answers).
what about parents;
c) immediate environment;
d) your own version _____________________________________________
To determine whether young people attend cultural and sports institutions of the city, we introduced questions No. 2, 19.
2. How often do you visit cultural institutions of our city (museums, exhibitions, theaters, etc.)?
a) once a month;
b) once every six months;
c) once a year;
d) do not attend;
a) has visited before;
b) visit regularly;
c) I visit whenever possible;
d) I do not visit, but I am going to;
e) I do not attend and do not intend to.
To substantiate the hypothesis about positive influence on youth participation in the cultural life of the city, we introduced question number 3.
a) positively;
d) negative;
d) has no effect.
To substantiate the hypothesis that young people do not consider it necessary to participate in the social life of the city, we introduced question No. 29.
29. In your opinion, should young people participate in cultural,
sports and social and political life of the city?
a) yes, it should;
b) no, it shouldn't;
c) your own version of __________________________________________
To substantiate the hypothesis that the city administration does not pay enough attention to youth and its development, we introduced questions No. 20, 26.
20. In your opinion, are sports clubs available to young people in material terms?
a) are sufficiently accessible;
b) little available;
c) not available;
d) find it difficult to answer.
26. In your opinion, does the city administration allocate enough material resources for the development of the cultural and sports life of the city?
a) enough;
b) not enough;
c) your own version of __________________________________
Rationale for the choice of methods for collecting social information
A questionnaire survey was chosen as the main method of collecting information, which differs from other methods in its relatively simple cheapness, a large sample population and the efficiency of the amount of information, which allows you to quickly collect information about the thoughts, feelings of people, their
opinions, sentiments.
An additional method of collecting information will be interviews. This type of survey allows you to identify the nuances of consciousness. The reliability of information is determined by the effectiveness of mutual understanding between the interviewer and the respondent.
The following methods were also chosen as additional methods for collecting primary information:
Analysis of documents in the classical way;
Enabled surveillance.
Sample Justification
It is supposed to interrogate 120 people taking into account marriage. The sample size is 100 people - this is an acceptable number for a pilot study. This assumes that the sample is not representative. General population: youth of the city of Kirov. The sample is planned to be formed on the basis of the stratified sampling methodology. The selection criteria are two social characteristics: age (age groups are tentatively divided into two categories: from 18 to 23 years old and from 24 to 29 years old); education (the group is tentatively divided into two categories: those with no higher education and those with higher education).
1) To identify the level of youth participation in the social life of the city:
a) cultural;
b) sports;
c) socio-political.
1. Do you take part in cultural events in the city?
a) have taken before and will take in the future;
b) used to take, but not going to take in the future;
c) did not accept, but I am going to accept;
d) did not accept and do not intend to accept
13. Do you take part in various social and political events in the city of Kirov (rallies, meetings with deputies, etc.)?
a) have taken before and will take in the future;
b) used to take, but not going to take in the future;
c) did not accept, but I am going to accept;
d) did not accept and do not intend to accept.
21. Do you take part in sporting events in the city?
a.) I have taken before and will take in the future;
b) used to take, but not going to take in the future;
c) did not accept, but I am going to accept;
d) e accepted and am not going to accept.
After analyzing the answers to the question of the questionnaire: “Do you take part in the cultural events of the city? ” the result presented in Figure 1 was obtained.
Do you take part in cultural events in the city?
18-23 not higher 18-23 higher 24-29 not higher 24-29 higher
About. I have taken before, but I am not going to take in the future (3rd century I did not take, but I am going to take
Rice. 1. The results of the sociological study "Participation of youth in the cultural events of the city"
Conclusion: Figure 1 shows that the majority of respondents “did not and are not going to take part” in the cultural events of the city. This was the answer of 46.7% of respondents with non-higher education aged 18 to 23,
50% of respondents with higher education aged 18 to 23, 30% of respondents
respondents with non-higher education aged 24 to 29, 30% of respondents with higher education aged 24 to 29.
After analyzing the answers to the questionnaire question: “Do you take part in various social and political events of the city (rallies, meetings with deputies, etc.)?” the result presented in Figure 2 was obtained. Conclusion: Figure 2 shows that young people from 18 to 29 years old with higher and non-higher education basically “did not take and are not going to take part” in various social and political events of the city, 80 % of respondents with non-tertiary education aged 18 to 23, 30% of respondents with higher education aged 18 to 23, 70% of respondents with non-tertiary education aged 24 to 29, 50% of respondents with higher education aged from 24 to 29 years old. Most of the respondents answered: “I am not interested in all this, it is absolutely not interesting for me” and “No. I believe
it's a waste of time."
Do you take part in various social and political events of the city
education education education education
□ a. have taken before and will continue to take
Sh b. I used to take it but won't take it again
□ d. did not take and do not intend to take
Rice. 2. Results of the study "Youth participation in various social and political events of the city"
After analyzing the answers to the question of the questionnaire: “Do you take part in sports events in the city of Kirov?”, The result presented in Figure 3 was obtained.
Do you take part in sporting events
18-23 not higher education
18-23 higher education
24-29 not higher education
24-29 higher education
□ a. have taken before and will continue to take
P b. I used to take it but won't take it again
□ c. I didn't, but I'm going to
□ d. did not take and do not intend to take
Rice. 3. Results of the study “Youth participation in sports events”
city halls"
Conclusion: Figure 3 shows that the majority of respondents “have taken part in sports events in the city before and will take them in the future” or “have taken part in the city’s sporting events before, but are not going to take in the future.” education “did not and is not going to take part” in the city’s sporting events, 23.3% of respondents with a non-higher education aged 18 to 23 answered this way, 45% of respondents with a higher education aged 18 to 23, 26.7 % of respondents with non-higher education aged 24 to 29, 25% of respondents with higher education aged 24 to 29.
2) To identify the influence of public opinion on the attitude of young people to the social life of the city.
The following questions were asked for this task:
25. What or who, in your opinion, can stimulate young people to go in for sports to a greater extent? (no more than 2 answers)
a) promotion of a healthy lifestyle;
b) friends;
c) parents;
28. Who or what, in your opinion, can more effectively influence the social activity of young people? (You can choose up to 2 answers)
what about parents;
c) immediate environment;
d) your own version _______________________________________________
From the analysis of answers to the question of the questionnaire: “What or who, in your opinion, can stimulate young people to go in for sports to a greater extent? ” the result presented in Figure 4 was obtained.
What or who, in your opinion, can stimulate young people to go in for sports to a greater extent?
18-23 not higher 18-23 higher 24-29 not higher 24-29 higher
education
education
education
education
□ a. promotion of a healthy lifestyle Sh b. friends
□ c. parents
□ your choice
Rice. 4. Results of the study "Promoting youth to go in for sports"
Conclusion: Figure 4 shows that for young people aged 18 to 23 and 24 to 29 years old with a non-higher education, "friends" can be more motivated to go in for sports, 70% and 42.5%, respectively, answered so. G. had the same opinion. He replied: “Young people can be encouraged to go in for sports, first of all, by friends with whom they have common interests.” The opinions of young people aged 18 to 23 with higher education were almost equally divided between answer options a,
b and c. - this is "propaganda of a healthy lifestyle", "friends" and "parents". According to young people aged 24 to 29 with higher education, “healthy lifestyle promotion” and “friends” can be more stimulating to go in for sports.
After analyzing the answers to the questionnaire question: “Who or what, in your opinion, can more effectively influence the social activity of young people?”, The result presented in Figure 5 was obtained.
Who or what, in your opinion, can more effectively influence the social activity of young people?
education
education
education
education
Sha. parents Sh b. media □ c. inner circle □ d. own version
Rice. 5. Results of the study "Influence on the social activity of young people"
Conclusion: Figure 5 shows that, in the opinion of all respondents, the “inner circle” can more effectively influence the social activity of young people, 46.7% of respondents with non-higher education aged 18 to 23 answered this way, 48.4% of respondents with higher education aged 18 to 23, 43.8% of respondents with non-higher education aged 24 to 29, 34.4% of respondents with higher education aged 24 to 29.
3) Find out whether young people attend cultural and sports institutions of the city.
The following questions were asked for this task:
2. How often do you visit cultural institutions of our city (museums, exhibitions, theater, etc.)?
a) once a month;
b) once every six months;
c) once a year;
d) I don't visit.
19. Do you attend sports clubs in the city?
a) has visited before;
b) visit regularly;
c) I visit whenever possible;
d) I do not visit, but I am going to;
e) I do not attend and do not intend to.
After analyzing the answers to the questionnaire question: “How often do you visit cultural institutions of our city?” The result shown in Figure 6 was obtained.
How often do you visit cultural institutions of our
18-23 not higher education
18-23 higher education
24-29 not higher education
24-29 higher education
□ a. once a month □ b. 1 every six months □ c. 1 time per year □ I do not visit
Rice. 6. The results of the study "Young people visit cultural institutions of the city"
Conclusion: Figure 6 shows that young people basically “do not visit” cultural institutions of our city, with which K. there are no establishments that would arouse at least some interest in me. It can be noted that respondents from 24 to 29 years old with a non-higher education visit cultural institutions “once a year” more than anyone else, most often “once a month” young people from 18 to 23 years old with a non-higher education visit cultural institutions of our city.
After analyzing the answers to the question of the questionnaire: “Do you visit the sports sections of the city?”, The result presented in Figure 7 was obtained. 7% of non-tertiary educated respondents aged 18 to 23, 30% of tertiary educated respondents aged 18 to 23, 50% of non-tertiary educated respondents aged 24 to 29, 30% of tertiary educated respondents aged from 24 to 29 years old. They also include the opinion of V., who replied: “Yes, my friends do it too, although not all of them.”
Do you visit sports sections of the city?
18-23 not higher education
18-23 higher education
24-29 not higher education
24-29 higher education
□ a. visited before in I visit E1 if possible d. I do not attend and I do not intend
b. I visit regularly d. I don’t visit, but I plan to
Rice. 7. The results of the study "Visiting youth sports sections of the city."
3. Conclusions on hypotheses
Hypotheses:
1) Young people do not consider it necessary to participate in the social life of the city. - Hypothesis disproved.
29. In your opinion, should young people participate in the cultural, sports, social and political life of the city?
a) yes, it should;
b) no, it shouldn't;
c) your own version _________________________________________________
After analyzing the answers to the questionnaire question: “In your opinion, should young people participate in the cultural, sports and socio-political life of the city?”, The result presented in Figure 8 was obtained.
Conclusion: from fig. Figure 8 shows that almost all respondents believe that young people “yes, they should” participate in the cultural, sports and socio-political life of the city, 76.7% of respondents with non-higher education aged 18 to 23 answered this way, 90% of respondents with higher education aged 18 to 23, 70% of respondents with non-higher education aged 24 to 29, 85% of respondents with higher education aged 24 to 29.
2) Participation of youth in the cultural life of the city has a positive effect on the youth of the city. - Hypothesis confirmed.
In your opinion, should young people participate in the cultural, sports, social and political life of the city?
education education education education □ a. yes, it should Sh b. no, it shouldn't □ c. your own version
Rice. 8. Results of the study "Youth participation in the cultural, sports and socio-political life of the city"
The following question was asked for this hypothesis:
3. In your opinion, how does visiting cultural institutions affect young people?
a.) positively;
b) more positively than negatively;
c) more negative than positive;
d) negative;
d) has no effect.
After analyzing the answers to the question of the questionnaire: “In your opinion, how does visiting cultural institutions affect young people?”, The result presented in Figure 9 was obtained. and sports life of the city allocates "insufficient" material resources, and therefore part of the youth of the city does not take and is not going to take part in the cultural and socio-political events of the city. At the same time, most of the respondents take and will continue to take part in the sporting events of the city. This means that today's youth are more interested in sports than in the cultural and socio-political life of the city.
Do you think that the city administration allocates enough material resources for the development of the cultural and sports life of the city?
18-23 not higher education 18-23 higher education 24-29 not higher education 24-29 higher education education education education
EE a. enough Sh b. 13th century is not enough. your own version
Rice. 9. Results of the study "Allocation of material resources by the city administration for the development of the cultural and sports life of the city"
Part of the city's youth, regardless of education, does not attend cultural institutions, but visits sports institutions whenever possible. Part of the respondents noted the insufficient allocation of material resources by the Kirov city administration for the development of the cultural and sports life of the city. Sports sections for young people are not sufficiently accessible in material terms. Most of the respondents recommended the city administration and all owners of sports clubs to reduce prices for visiting sports clubs or make some kind of discount for young people.
Bibliography:
1. Devyatko I.F. Methods of sociological research. M.: Book house "Universitet", 2002. 215 p.
2. Yadov V. A. Strategy of sociological research: description, explanation, understanding of social reality. M.: ICC "Akademkniga", 2003. 308 p.
Stepanov Konstantin Sergeevich - Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Social Sciences, Kirov State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health and Social Development, e-mail: vas7 01 @rambler.ru
Sociological research
Job done
Students of 221 groups
Fmlipenko A.S.
Bondarenko I.V.
Work checked
Darensky V.Yu.
Lugansk 2011
Analytical section of the program
1.1. Key research question
What are the reasons for the low degree of religiosity of modern youth at this stage of development of society? What are the needs of young people in attending church, communicating with clergymen, reading religious literature? Why are young people now relegating knowledge of both modern religiosity and its history to the background? As we know, the process of solving this gap in life is now underway. modern society. The main issue of this study on religious topics is the question of the quantitative characteristics of the religiosity of young people.
Modern youth has somewhat different ideas about religiosity. Who is to blame for this and how to put forward the criteria for religiosity is a modern question.
1.2. Purpose of the study
Establish and study the opinions and attitudes of second-year students of Luhansk state university internal affairs. E.O. Didorenko (later LGUVD) to religiosity. Designate and derive specific understandings of the foundations of religiosity (observance of fasting, faith in God, under what conditions one can consider oneself religious).
1.3. Research objectives
1. To study the understanding of the religiosity of modern youth in general;
2. Study the needs of youth in attending church (if any);
3. To study the attitude of young people to religious sacraments:
Baptism;
Wedding;
fasting;
4. To study the criteria for the foundations of the religiosity of the majority;
5. To study the daily behavior of students on the basis of faith;
1.4. Object of study
Second-year students of the Lugansk University of Internal Affairs named after. E.O. Didorenko.
1.5. Subject of study
Fundamentals of religiosity of modern youth in general. Opinions and ideas about the religiosity of second-year students of the LGUVD.
Logical analysis of the subject of research
1.6.1. Selection of basic concepts
Based on the concept and purpose of this study, such concepts as religiosity and youth are subject to logical analysis.
1.6.2. Interpretation of basic concepts
a) religiosity- this is a characteristic of the consciousness and behavior of individuals, their groups and communities, who believe in the supernatural and worship it
b) youth- this is a socio-demographic group that is experiencing a period of formation of social maturity, entry into the world of adults, adaptation to it and its future renewal.
1.6.3. Operationalization of basic terms
Religiosity
1. the meaning of the foundations of faith:
Creeds;
commandments;
2. Compliance with Everyday life foundations of faith:
Do not sin;
Do not offend believers;
honor the faith;
3. communication with the religious community:
4. participation in the sacraments:
a) baptism
baptized
unbaptized
b) confession
Confessing
Don't confess
c) a wedding
crowned
Unwedded
5. church attendance:
on religious holidays;
2-3 times a month;
2-3 times a year;
I don't visit
6. What is the observance of church holidays:
Visiting the church on the day of holidays;
communion;
I do not comply;
7. reading religious literature:
Reading sometimes;
Not readable at all
8. faith in God:
9. the presence of objects of worship at home:
Youth
1. by age:
2nd year students;
Male;
Female;
3. from which family:
Religious;
Not religious;
4. Are you a student of religious discipline:
5. Are you a member of a religious community:
Religiosity
Faith in God Observance Church attendance
foundations of religiosity
Youth
students students
Research hypotheses
1.7.1. Descriptive hypothesis
In modern society, the question of the religiosity of young people is very often raised. Now a certain part of the youth believes in God and attends church. These young people differ in their inner world from ordinary students who do not recognize religious holidays and do not attend church during all sacred services. As is known from the media, much attention is paid to religiosity. Religious disciplines were introduced in universities to increase the degree of religiosity of students.
1.7.2. Main hypothesis
Young people do not understand the very content of religiosity, do not strive to understand how a religious person differs from a non-religious one. Students deny religious sacraments that may be inherent in every student (baptism, communion, prayer, and others), for certain reasons: spending free time in another society, due to a lack of desire to learn the basics of religiosity, social circle, inability to independently understand the essence of the sacraments and their purpose.
It can be seen that not all students who talk about their faith in God really respect this. Faith in God is not just words, it is a whole string of signs confirming this, which, of course, are observed very little.
1.7.3. Additional hypothesis
An additional hypothesis is the assumption that after learning the selection criteria for religiosity, many students will think about whether they are clearly religious and observe it. Is faith in God the main factor for determining the religiosity of these students. Many students do not consider the basis for religiosity to be important.
Do you believe in God?
c) your answer
What rituals did you perform?
a) baptism
b) wedding
c) confession
d) communion
e) none
e) your answer
5. By the fact of baptism, you are:
a) baptized
b) unbaptized
What family are you from?
a) religious
b) not religious
c) Your answer
What's your gender
a) male
b) female
11. Your age_______
Conclusion
From the data above, conclusions can be drawn and compared with hypotheses.
Currently, many members of Ukrainian society are experiencing certain difficulties associated with the formulation of their identity. Sociological studies show that for a significant part of the respondents, referring to the group "Orthodox" does not mean a high level of churching, but rather serves as an indicator of referring to a certain socio-cultural tradition.
This is largely due to the fact that scientific knowledge based on positivism, at a certain historical stage, quite clearly separated itself from religious knowledge, which was quite logical for the sphere of some natural sciences at that time.
A significant methodological problem in the framework of sociological research today is the typology of religiosity, since there are different approaches to the issue of subjectivity and objectivity of the criteria for religious identification. There are certain contradictions between the religious self-identification of the respondents and different interpretations of the results of quantitative research.
Summing up, it should be said that our research has greatly expanded our worldview in relation to the religiosity of our students and also made it clear the importance of our research in the field of Orthodoxy.
Sociological research
"The Attitude of Modern Youth to Religion"
Job done
Students of 221 groups
Fmlipenko A.S.
Bondarenko I.V.
Work checked
Darensky V.Yu.
2. Study of the attitude of young people to their health and the health of future children
In the first chapter, we examined the tasks of social work in institutions for the social prevention and rehabilitation of adolescents and youth, the importance of the reproductive health of young people, as well as factors that negatively affect the health of future offspring. In the experimental part of our work, we decided to find out the degree of awareness of boys and girls about the destructive effects of psychoactive substances on the body. And also to find out how much today's youth cares about their health and the health of their future children.
We conducted a survey, the results of which are presented in Appendix 1.
Base of research: Students of universities, colleges, library readers, as well as boys and girls on the streets of the city (20 people) took part in the study. They were offered an anonymous questionnaire consisting of 50 questions, which were asked to answer in any form or choose one of the proposed answers.
After analyzing the data obtained, we came to the conclusion that 60% of the boys and girls we interviewed consider themselves completely healthy. However, knowing about the dangers of smoking, 65% continue to smoke, and 70% drink alcohol, knowing that it is harmful to health (Fig. 1).
As can be seen from Table 1, 65% of our respondents smoke. Moreover, 20% started smoking before the age of 16, 60% smoke every day, 45% smoke, even if they are sick. 60% smoke in company to be "like everyone else", 30% smoke to cheer themselves up.
Rice. 1. Results of the survey of youth and adolescents
Only half of the respondents believe that smoking is harmful. Want to quit smoking 45%. However, none of the respondents wants their children to smoke.
Table 1. Attitudes of young people towards smoking
| № | Questions | "yes" answers | % |
| 1 | 7 | 35 | |
| 2 | Do you smoke? | 13 | 65 |
| 3 | 4 | 20 | |
| 4 | Do you smoke every day? | 12 | 60 |
| 5 | 7 | 35 | |
| 6 | Do you smoke even when you are sick? | 9 | 45 |
| 7 | 6 | 30 | |
| 8 | 12 | 60 | |
| 9 | 8 | 40 | |
| 10 | 10 | 50 | |
| 11 | 4 | 20 | |
| 12 | Do you want to quit smoking? | 9 | 45 |
| 13 | 7 | 35 | |
| 14 | 0 | 0 |
Consequently, young people are aware of the dangers of smoking, but do not believe that cigarettes can bring any real harm to them personally. 60% smoke "for the company."
According to our survey, 70% of young people drink alcohol, 80% tried it before the age of 16. Moreover, 25% drink alcohol more than once a week, 85% drink "for company". However, only half of the respondents believe that alcohol is harmful to them. And only 5% are afraid of becoming alcoholics (see Table 2).
Table 2. Attitude of young people to alcohol
| № | Questions | "yes" answers | % |
| 1 | Do you drink alcohol? | 14 | 70 |
| 2 | 16 | 80 | |
| 3 | 5 | 25 | |
| 4 | Only on holidays? | 2 | 10 |
| 5 | 12 | 60 | |
| 6 | 17 | 85 | |
| 7 | 11 | 55 | |
| 8 | 6 | 30 | |
| 9 | 4 | 20 | |
| 10 | 1 | 5 | |
| 11 | Do you think alcohol is bad for health? | 10 | 50 |
| 12 | 5 | 25 | |
| 13 | Do you respect people who drink? | 2 | 10 |
So, the harm of alcohol by young people and adolescents is also underestimated. The motive "for the company" prevails.
Among our respondents, 20% tried drugs. Only half of the respondents believe that drug addiction is possible from the first time.
15% of respondents will go to a company where they can offer a drug. But the majority of our respondents will refuse an offer to try drugs (Fig. 2).
Fig. 2 Attitude towards drugs
As can be seen from Table 4, the majority consider themselves healthy people, but only 20% lead a healthy lifestyle, although 45% are sure that health should be taken care of right now. Bad habits are recognized by 35%. And at the same time, all respondents want to have healthy children.
Table 4. Attitude of young people to their health
| № | Questionnaire Questions | The answer is “yes”, (number of people) | % |
| 1 | 12 | 60 | |
| 2 | 1 | 5 | |
| 3 | 9 | 45 | |
| 4 | 4 | 20 | |
| 5 | Do you play sports? | 6 | 30 |
| 6 | Do you have bad habits? | 7 | 35 |
| 7 | 9 | 45 | |
| 8 | 20 | 100 |
So, according to the results of our study, it turned out that the majority of the boys and girls we interviewed want to have healthy children, try to monitor their health and believe that drinking and smoking parents cannot have healthy offspring, but despite this, they are in no hurry to get rid of from their bad habits, drink alcohol and smoke "for company".
Conclusion
So, in the conditions of modern Russia, the need for social work is particularly acute and general. The sociology of health is becoming that special theory that, by its development, will further expand the scope of interests of general sociology and at the same time, at the expense of the latter, reach a higher level of theoretical development of its own issues. In its developed form, it will make it possible to overcome communication difficulties between natural, technical and social sciences, between medicine, health care and social sciences. Its fruitful generalizations, scientific methods and private methods can be applied directly in the field of medical research on health and disease, norms and pathology.
The influence of nicotine, alcohol and drugs on the reproductive functions of future parents is extremely negative. As a result, there is a threat of abortion, infertility, and the likelihood of the birth of a sick or defective offspring increases. Drunkenness and alcoholism complicate the socio-demographic situation in the country, affect the population and its mental and physical capabilities, and reduce socially useful activity. Alcohol abuse leads to a decrease in the birth rate and an increase in the number of children with congenital physical and mental disabilities.
Preserving the reproductive health of young people is one of the main tasks of modern society. Particular attention is paid to the young family, which is an important socio-demographic group of the population. The formation of a healthy lifestyle should be expressed in the consolidation in the youth environment of a set of optimal skills, abilities and life stereotypes that exclude addictions.
The purpose of our pilot study was to study the attitude of young people and adolescents to their reproductive health.
We assumed that Russian youth and adolescents, due to their age characteristics, do not sufficiently take into account the consequences of bad habits that affect their reproductive health.
According to the results of our study, it turned out that the majority of the boys and girls we interviewed want to have healthy children, try to monitor their health and believe that drinking and smoking parents cannot have healthy offspring, but despite this, they are in no hurry to get rid of their children. bad habits, drink alcohol and smoke "for company".
Thus, our hypothesis was confirmed, the tasks facing the work were solved. Target term paper reached.
Bibliography
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Attachment 1.
Questions and Statements
1. Do you consider yourself a completely healthy person?
2. Are you not completely satisfied with your health?
3. Do you think that health should be taken care of now?
4. Do you lead a healthy lifestyle?
5. Do you play sports?
6. Do you have bad habits?
7. Do you smoke?
8. Did you start smoking before the age of 16?
9. Do you smoke every day?
10. Do you find it difficult to stop smoking in non-smoking areas?
11. Do you smoke even when you are sick?
12. Do you smoke to cheer yourself up?
13. Do you smoke "for the company" to be "like everyone else"?
14. Do you enjoy cigarettes?
15. Do you think smoking is harmful?
16. Do you like smoking girls?
17. Do you want to quit smoking?
18. Can you completely give up cigarettes?
19. Would you like your children to smoke?
20. Do you drink alcohol?
21. Have you tried alcohol before the age of 16?
22. Do you drink alcohol more than once a week?
23. Only on holidays?
24. Does alcohol cheer you up?
25. Do you drink "for company" to be "like everyone else"?
26. Do you enjoy alcohol?
27. Do you drink to relieve stress, relax?
28. Do you consider beer an alcoholic drink?
29. Are you afraid of becoming an alcoholic?
30. Do you feel that you are harming your health by drinking alcohol?
31. Can you completely give up alcohol?
32. Do you respect people who drink?
33. Have you ever tried drugs?
34. Can you refuse if you are offered to try a drug?
35. Do you think it is possible to get used to a drug once you have tried it?
36. Will you go to a drug company?
37. As a child, did you often spend your free time with your parents?
38. Do you have many friends?
40. Do you consider yourself an interesting conversationalist?
41. Are you the center of attention in the company?
42. Do you have enough communication?
43. Do other people easily understand you?
44. Do you feel abandoned?
45. Do you often have sad thoughts?
46. Are you often bored?
47. Do you feel lonely, isolated from others?
48. Do you have insomnia?
49. Do you care about your health?
50. Do you want to have healthy children in the future?
Appendix 2
| Questionnaire Questions | The answer is “yes”, (number of people) | |
| 1 | Do you consider yourself a completely healthy person? | 12 |
| 2 | Are you not completely satisfied with your health? | 1 |
| 3 | Do you think that health should be taken care of now? | 4 |
| 4 | Do you lead a healthy lifestyle? | 4 |
| 5 | Do you play sports? | 6 |
| 6 | Do you have bad habits? | 7 |
| 7 | Do you smoke? | 13 |
| 8 | Did you start smoking before the age of 16? | 4 |
| 9 | Do you smoke every day? | 12 |
| 10 | Do you find it difficult to resist smoking in non-smoking areas? | 7 |
| 11 | Do you smoke even when you are sick? | 9 |
| 12 | Do you smoke to cheer yourself up? | 6 |
| 13 | Do you smoke "for the company" to be "like everyone else"? | 12 |
| 14 | Do you enjoy cigarettes? | 8 |
| 15 | Do you think smoking is bad? | 10 |
| 16 | Do you like smoking girls? | 4 |
| 17 | Do you want to quit smoking? | 9 |
| 18 | Can you completely give up cigarettes? | 7 |
| 19 | Would you like your children to smoke? | 0 |
| 20 | Do you drink alcohol? | 14 |
| 21 | Have you tried alcohol before the age of 16? | 16 |
| 22 | Do you drink alcohol more than once a week? | 5 |
| 23 | Only on holidays? | 2 |
| 24 | Does alcohol cheer you up? | 12 |
| 25 | Do you drink "for company" to be "like everyone else"? | 17 |
| 26 | Do you enjoy alcohol? | 11 |
| 27 | Do you drink to relieve stress, relax? | 6 |
| 28 | Do you consider beer an alcoholic drink? | 4 |
| 29 | Are you afraid of becoming an alcoholic? | 1 |
| 30 | Do you think you are harming your health by drinking alcohol? | 3 |
| 31 | Can you completely give up alcohol? | 5 |
| 32 | Do you respect people who drink? | 2 |
| 33 | Have you ever tried drugs? | 4 |
| 34 | Can you refuse if you are offered to try a drug? | 15 |
| 35 | Do you think it is possible to get used to a drug once you have tried it? | 10 |
| 36 | Will you go to a drug company? | 3 |
| 37 | As a child, did you often spend your free time with your parents? | 8 |
| 38 | How many friends do you have? | 6 |
| 39 | Do you like reading books? | 7 |
| 40 | Do you consider yourself an interesting conversationalist? | 8 |
| 41 | Are you the center of attention in the company? | 5 |
| 42 | Do you need communication? | 12 |
| 43 | Are you easily understood by other people? | 7 |
| 44 | Are you feeling abandoned? | 5 |
| 45 | Do you often have sad thoughts? | 6 |
| 46 | Are you often bored? | 8 |
| 47 | Do you feel lonely, isolated from others? | 3 |
| 48 | Do you have insomnia? | 2 |
| 49 | Do you care about your health? | 9 |
| 50 | Do you want to have healthy children in the future? | 20 |
Annex 3
Study Protocol #1
Gender: female Age: 18
3. Do you think that health should be taken care of now? - Yes
4. Do you lead a healthy lifestyle? -Yes
7. Do you smoke? - No
8. Did you start smoking before the age of 16? -No
9. Do you smoke every day? -Yes
10. Do you find it difficult to stop smoking in non-smoking areas? - No
14. Do you enjoy cigarettes? - No
15. Do you think smoking is harmful? - No
18. Can you completely give up cigarettes? - Yes
27. Do you drink to relieve stress, relax? - Yes
34. Can you refuse if you are offered to try a drug? - Yes
40. Do you consider yourself an interesting conversationalist? - Yes
41. Are you the center of attention in the company? - Yes
45. Do you often have sad thoughts? - No
48. Do you have insomnia? - Yes
49. Do you care about your health? - Yes
50. Do you want to have healthy children in the future? - Yes
Study protocol #2
Gender: husband Age: 15
1. Do you consider yourself a completely healthy person? - Yes
2. Are you not completely satisfied with your health? - No
3. Do you think that health should be taken care of now? - No
4. Do you lead a healthy lifestyle? - Yes
5. Do you play sports? - No
6. Do you have bad habits? - Yes
7. Do you smoke? - Yes
8. Did you start smoking before the age of 16? - No
9. Do you smoke every day? - Yes
10. Do you find it difficult to stop smoking in non-smoking areas? - Yes
11. Do you smoke even when you are sick? - Yes
12. Do you smoke to cheer yourself up? - Yes
13. Do you smoke "for the company" to be "like everyone else"? - Yes
14. Do you enjoy cigarettes? - Yes
15. Do you think smoking is harmful? - Yes
16. Do you like smoking girls? - No
17. Do you want to quit smoking? - No
18. Can you completely give up cigarettes? - No
19. Would you like your children to smoke? - No
20. Do you drink alcohol? - Yes
21. Have you tried alcohol before the age of 16? - Yes
22. Do you drink alcohol more than once a week? - No
23. Only on holidays? - Yes
24. Does alcohol cheer you up? - Yes
25. Do you drink "for company" to be "like everyone else"? - Yes
26. Do you enjoy alcohol? - Yes
27. Do you drink to relieve stress, relax? - No
28. Do you consider beer an alcoholic drink? - Yes
29. Are you afraid of becoming an alcoholic? - No
30. Do you feel that you are harming your health by drinking alcohol? - No
31. Can you completely give up alcohol? - Yes
32. Do you respect people who drink? - No
33. Have you ever tried drugs? - No
34. Can you refuse if you are offered to try a drug? -Yes
35. Do you think it is possible to get used to a drug once you have tried it? - No
36. Will you go to a drug company? - No
37. As a child, did you often spend your free time with your parents? - Yes
38. Do you have many friends? - Yes
40. Do you consider yourself an interesting conversationalist? - No
41. Are you the center of attention in the company? - No
42. Do you have enough communication? - Yes
43. Do other people easily understand you? - No
44. Do you feel abandoned? - No
45. Do you often have sad thoughts? - Yes
46. Are you often bored? - No
47. Do you feel lonely, isolated from others? - No
48. Do you have insomnia? - No
49. Do you care about your health? - No
Marriage partners, the role of the head of the family and the rights and obligations of relatives, from close to distant, the place of settlement and genealogy. The universality of the family as an institution is revealed in the concept of “family functions”. Social functions are understood as the basic needs of society and people that the family satisfies. The most important functions of family and marriage include the following. Sphere...
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1. Methodological section.
1.1. Relevance of the topic.
1.2. Problem definition.
1.3. Scientific development of the research topic.
1.4. Logical analysis of concepts.
1.5. Purpose of the study.
1.6. Research objectives.
1.7. Object of study.
1.8. Subject of study.
1.9. Hypotheses.
2. Methodology - procedural section.
2.1. Methods for collecting primary empirical information.
2.2. Place, time of the study. The name of the instrument.
2.3. Characteristics of the toolkit.
2.4. Sample.
2.5. Methods of processing social information.
2.6. The practical significance of the study.
Applications:
2.7. Questionnaire.
2.8. Working plan for the study.
2.9. Bibliography.
3. Analytical section.
1. Methodological section of the program.
1.1. Relevance of the topic.
At present, the problem associated with the fact that people of different ages, social affiliations and nationalities are beginning to read less and less books is becoming increasingly widespread. use mostly only the Internet or listen to music.
Personally, I was inspired to choose this topic, the fact that all people began to read less and the level colloquial speech gets worse, and some don't even know very famous writers.
At the moment, the number of people who like to read is becoming less and less. This phenomenon is connected with the increasing penetration of Western culture into our country and with its growing pressure on the consciousness of our compatriots, especially on young people. That is why I am interested in the opinion of people, not so much the elderly as the young.
Let my sociological research program be the impetus for all this. After all, it is useful to read various literature, each time you can learn more and more.
1.2 Definition of the problem.
There is a huge problem right now that people don't want to read. I think this is due to the fact that some do not have time, others are very tired after work or study and therefore can no longer read, while others prefer the Internet or listen to music.
1.3. Scientific development of the research topic.
Reading culture of youth: myths and reality.
Anna Akimova
1) Respondents also answered the question about their attitude to the school literature curriculum. 42% answered that it needs to be supplemented with modern literature. In second place is the answer “it contains the best literature” – 32.2%. But mostly those who are still in school answered the same way. Those who are already working, and therefore have the opportunity to read more for themselves, have a very skeptical attitude towards the school curriculum - 21.1% answered that it needs a complete revision.
The most famous contemporary writers for the respondents were Boris Akunin, Sergey Lukyanenko , as well as authors of ironic detective stories. Only 19 people were able to answer the question about a modern British writer, they all named the author of the Harry Potter series of books (Joan Rolling) . The rest called either old English writers, or even American ones.
According to the responses of young people, it is clear that they have home libraries: 38.6% answered that they have more than 200 books at home, 43.6% - from 50 to 200 books. But, despite this, young people prefer to buy books to read in bookstores (42.9%), public libraries are in third place after home libraries (18.7%). Of course, the source of obtaining a book strongly depends on age: schoolchildren borrow books from libraries (39.4%), while only 2.8% of working libraries use them.
80% of librarians are sure that today's youth reads less than in the 80s and 90s of the XX century. Although analysis of sales and reader activity shows that young people now read more than in the 1990s, when acute social problems pushed young people onto the streets, in addition, there were no new well-known authors who would act as "locomotives". Now books like Harry Potter, Coelho's books , Lukyanenko, Akunina, are attracting more and more young people, and well-known film adaptations only kindle this interest. It is difficult to say something definite about the 1980s because the official statistics of those years give very distorted information.
What hinders reading? 45% of respondents answered that television is the main obstacle for young people to read; more than 50% - that interfere with the Internet and computers. The high workload at school was also among the leaders here - 25% of librarians see this as the main obstacle for young people to read.
Vishnikina Katya (source "Newspaper ALTERNATIVE")
Address : http://www.kalitva.ru/2007/06/14/chto_chitaet_molodezh.html
2) The most popular now is modern philosophy. It turned out that for the most part, teenagers choose the "advertised" authors of philosophical action games - Angel de Kouatier and Paulo Coelho. Also popular today are the Japanese philosopher Haruki Murakami, Richard Bach, who wrote the famous (and no less complex) Jonathan Livingston Seagull. Libraries always have this book on hand. A very fashionable piece! In second place is usually fantasy. Many young people prefer it. Fiction can be divided into two branches - fantasy (fairy tales) and horror. Stephen King (The Colorado Kid) is always the king of horror. No matter how you scold King, dear teachers of literature, his books will always be popular, they are read by people of all ages.
Dean Koontz is somewhat inferior to King - a modern wonderful science fiction writer.
Most books read The Harry Potter series by Joan Rolling. They are read by everyone - from young to old. The theme of the beloved fairy-tale world is continued by the books of the famous French director Luc Besson. The magical adventures of the boy Arthur even began to be filmed. Unfortunately, only a few read books with interest and enthusiasm. About 70 percent of schoolchildren take only school literature and materials for reports in libraries. Of the classical works, young people prefer The Master and Margarita. This work has attracted the younger generations for a long time. And, finally, the most entertaining literature is magazines. They "divorced" a lot of different ones. For example, "YES!", "Lisa", "GLAMOUR". I think we should not complain that we have become less reading. Yes, the facts are very deplorable: 52% of Russians do not buy books at all, 37% do not read them, 79% do not use libraries.
On literary evolution.
Yu. N. Tynyanov
3) The position of the history of literature continues to be in a number of cultural disciplines the position of the colonial power. On the one hand, it is largely dominated by individualistic psychologism (especially in the West), where the question of literature is unjustifiably replaced by the question of author's psychology, and the question of literary evolution by the question of the genesis of literary phenomena. On the other hand, a simplified causal approach to the literary series leads to a gap between the point from which the literary series is observed - and this always turns out to be the main, but also further social series - and the literary series itself. The construction of a closed literary series and consideration of evolution within it now and then runs into neighboring cultural, everyday in a broad sense, social series and, therefore, is doomed to incompleteness. The theory of value in literary science has caused the danger of studying the main, but also individual phenomena, and brings the history of literature in the form of a "history of generals." The blind rebuff of the "history of the generals" aroused in turn an interest in the study of mass literature, but without a clear theoretical understanding of the methods of studying it and the nature of its meaning.
Finally, the connection between the history of literature and living modern literature - a connection beneficial and necessary for science - turns out to be not always necessary and beneficial for developing literature, whose representatives are ready to accept the history of literature as the establishment of certain traditional norms and laws, and the "historicity" of a literary phenomenon is confused with "historicism" in relation to him. As a result of the last conflict, a desire arose to study individual things and the laws of their construction on a non-historical plane (the abolition of the history of literature).
Evgeny Leshchinsky (source "Our World")
Address: http://www. knigi.ru/lilit/.html
4) In the same way, the most difficult, least investigated question is solved: about literary genres. The novel, which seems to be a whole, a genre developing within itself over the centuries, turns out to be not one, but variable, with material changing from literary system to system, with a changing method of introducing non-literary speech materials into literature, and the very features of the genre evolve. The genres "story", "story" in the system of the 20s - 40s were determined, as it is clear from the very names, by other signs than ours. We tend to name genres by secondary productive features, roughly speaking, by size. The names "story", "story", "novel" are adequate for us to determine the number of printed sheets. This proves not so much the "automation" of genres for our literary system, but rather the fact that genres are defined in our country according to other criteria. The magnitude of a thing, speech space is not an indifferent sign. In a work isolated from the system, we are not at all able to define the genre, because what was called an ode to the 20s XIX years century or, finally, Fet, was called an ode not according to the signs that during the time of Lomonosov.
On this basis, we conclude that it is impossible to study isolated genres outside the signs of the genre system with which they correlate. Tolstoy's historical novel is not correlated with Zagoskin's historical novel, but is correlated with contemporary prose.
Strictly speaking, outside the correlation of literary phenomena, there is no consideration of them. Such, for example, is the question of prose and poetry. We tacitly regard metrical prose as prose and non-metrical free verse as verse, without realizing that in a different literary system we would be put in a difficult position.
But prose differentiates, evolves, and verse also evolves at the same time. The differentiation of one related type entails, or rather is connected with, the differentiation of another related type. Metrical prose arose (for example, Andrei Bely). This is due to the transfer of the verse function in verse from meter to other signs, partly secondary, productive: to rhythm as a sign of verse units, special syntax, special vocabulary, etc. The function of prose to verse remains, but the formal elements that fulfill it - other.
The further evolution of forms can either fix the function of verse in prose over the centuries, transfer it to a whole series of other signs, or violate it, make it insignificant; and just as in modern literature the correlation of genres (according to secondary, productive signs) is of little importance, so there may come a period when it will be insignificant in a work whether it is written in verse or prose.
Anna Skvortsova
Address: http:// gazeta. en /
5) If we agree that evolution is a change in the ratio of the members of a system, that is, a change in functions and formal elements, then evolution turns out to be a "change" of systems. These changes from epoch to epoch are either slower or abrupt in nature and do not imply a sudden and complete renewal and replacement of formal elements, but they imply a new function of these formal elements. Therefore, the very comparison of certain literary phenomena should be carried out according to functions, and not only according to forms. Completely dissimilar in appearance phenomena of different functional systems can be similar in function. and vice versa. The question is obscured here by the fact that each literary direction in a certain period, it looks for its strongholds in previous systems - what can be called "tradition".
So, perhaps, the functions of Pushkin's prose are closer to the functions of Tolstoy's prose than the functions of Pushkin's verse are closer to the functions of his imitators in the 1930s and Maikov.
Let me summarize: the study of the evolution of literature is possible only if one regards literature as a series, a system correlated with other series, systems conditioned by them. Consideration should go from the constructive function to the literary function, from literary to speech. It must elucidate the evolutionary interaction of functions and forms. Evolutionary study should go from the literary series to the closest correlated series, and not further, even if the main ones.
The dominant importance of the main social factors is not only not rejected by this, but must be clarified in full, precisely in the question of the evolution of literature, while the direct establishment of the "influence" of the main social factors replaces the study of the evolution of literature with the study of the modification of literary works, their deformation.
Young people in the new century will read less and less, do not make excuses. Young people now read a lot, and on their own, without pressure from the school and parents. Different genres and authors fall into the circle of interests of young readers, the book business industry makes it possible to learn more and more new names. Reading has not suffered from the development of new information technologies, so far only television competes with reading. Reading over the years has become primarily entertainment, with detective stories and fantasy now among the most popular genres. This is what worries me the most: after all, in the Russian tradition, fiction has long shaped life values and educated the younger generation. Libraries in such a situation should contribute to the development of taste and critical thinking in young readers. Reading in our time is really prestigious!
1 .four. Logical analysis of concepts.
1.4.1. Interpretation and operationalization of concepts.
Key concepts:
3. Literary genres;
4. Youth.
Theoretical interpretation of key concepts:
1. Books - a collection of sheets of paper, parchment or other sheet material containing text and (or) illustrations transferred to them in any way, fastened along one edge and protected by a cover. Each side of a sheet in a book is called a page. Sometimes a book is a large section of a document or literary work. A book recorded in electronic format is also called an e-book or electronic book.
2. Genre - a set of formal and content features of the work. Genres are formed by sets of conditions; many works use multiple genres by borrowing and combining these terms. Possible definitions of the concept of "genre" are sometimes limited to art and culture, especially literature, but there is a long history of use of this concept in rhetoric as well. In genre studies, the concept is not compared with the original meaning. Rather, all existing works reflect certain conditions, while participating in the creation of the definition of the concept of genre.
3. Literary genres: epic, drama, ode, elegy, story, story, novel, poem, poem.
Bylina is a heroic song of a narrative nature.
Drama - the main difference between drama and other literary genres is the purpose for the stage.
Ode is a solemn pathetic poem. In the V - IV centuries. BC. performed only with music, singing, dancing. AT Ancient Greece odes glorified sports competitions. AT Ancient Rome Horace separated the ode from the music. The great master of od was considered in the 16th-17th century in France by Malerbeau. At the same time, Lomonosov, Trediakovsky, Derzhavin were the best in the ode genre in Russia.
Elegy - a genre of lyrics, originated in the 7th century BC in ancient Greece.
A story is a small form of epic prose literature.
The story is the oldest genre of Russian literature.
The novel originated in the Romance languages in the ancient and middle ages, but had only some features of the modern novel.
A poem is a variety of subjects of this poetic genre.
A poem is a large form of the lyric-epic genre, a poetic work with a plot-narrative organization, a story or a novel in verse. The flowering of this genre is associated with romanticism. Poems were written by Byron, Shelley, Mickiewicz, Pushkin, Lermontov.
4. Youth is a specific socio-demographic physical group, characterized by a period of social adaptation, the formation of social maturity and psychological characteristics.
1.5. Purpose of the study.
To identify which genres of literature are most preferable among young people, since I believe that now in our time it is very important to read.
1.6. Research objectives.
1) determine the attitude of young people to reading books;
2) find out the dependence of the choice of the genre of the book on age;
3) to reveal the dependence of the choice of the genre of the book on gender;
4) identify favorite places to read books;
5) what books are of interest to today's youth.
1.7. Object of study.
The object of the study are full-time students of the Russian State Technical University of Moscow, who prefer various genres of literature.
1.8. Subject of study.
The subject of the study is the genres that students of different ages prefer.
1.9. Hypotheses.
- Most students think that reading books is a waste of time. (The question in the questionnaire No. 5 was used for verification).
- How older man, the more he begins to read scientific books. (The question in the questionnaire No. 1 was used for verification).
- Girls prefer novels, and young people prefer stories and novels. (The question in the questionnaire No. 3 was used for verification).
- Most people prefer to read in transport, on vacation, at home, at work and at the university. (The question in the questionnaire No. 11 was used for verification).
- Circumstances preventing reading are lack of books, lack of time, family life cycle, lack of interest. (The question in the questionnaire No. 6,7 and 8 was used for verification).
2. Methodical section of the program.
2.1. Methods of collecting primary sociological information.
Poll in the form of a questionnaire.
2.2. Place and time of the study. The name of the instrument.
Location: Moscow.
Date: November, 2008.
Tools: Questionnaire.
Toolkit name: Literary genres of literature.
2.3. Characteristics of the toolkit.
There are 12 questions in the questionnaire, including:
1. Content questions:
1.1. About the personality of the respondent - №1-3.
1.2. On the facts of behavior - No. 10.
1.3. About the facts of consciousness - No. 5.
2. Questions in the form:
2.1. Open - No. ---.
2.2. Closed - No. 6,7,8,11.
2.3. Semi-open - No. 10.
3. Questions about registration:
3.1. Linear - No. 1-12.
3.2. Tabular -No. ---
4. Questions-filters -№1-12.
5. Trap questions -№---.
6. By function:
6.1 Main - 10.
6.2 Minor - 2.
2.4. Sample.
This sociological study involved 50 people aged 17 to 25 years.
2.5. Methods of processing sociological information.
This sociological study provides for a manual method of processing empirical information.
2.6. The practical significance of the study.
This sociological study is of great practical importance. The processed data can be used as existing libraries for the further development of certain areas or the development of a completely new one that has not previously attracted attention.
In addition, the results of the study can show which genre of literature is most preferable in the Russian Federation.
Attachment 1.
QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear survey participant! We are asking you to express your preference in literature.
The survey is anonymous. The survey results will be used in aggregate form.
Filling technique: after reading the questions, underline (circle) the answer code that is closest to your personal opinion or write your own version.
2nd year FU student
Trubitsyna Natalia
1. Your age.
a) under 18
b) from 18 to 20
c) from 20 to 23
d) from 23 to 25
2. Your occupation.
a) student not working
b) student working
If your answer is b) indicate the profession _______________
3. Your gender.
a) male
b) female
4. Your education.
a) average
b) secondary special
c) incomplete higher education
If you answered NO, go to question #12
6. What do you prefer more domestic or foreign literature?
a) domestic literature
b) foreign literature
7. What do you read?(two possible answers)
a) classic
b) modern books
8. What genre of book do you prefer?
a) epic
b) drama (tragedy, comedy)
d) lyrics (elegy)
e) story (essay, essay, short story)
e) story
h) a poem
9. How much time do you usually read per day?
a) less than an hour
b) 1 to 3 hours
c) 3 to 5 hours
d) other ______________
10. How long did it take you to read your last book?
a) per day
b) per week
c) per month
d) other _________________
11. Where do you usually read?(multiple answers possible)
b) at the institute
c) at work
d) in public transport
d) on vacation
f) other ______________
12. Do you have a home library?
Thanks for answers!!!
Appendix 2
Working plan for the study.
| Name of events | Deadlines | Responsible |
| Development of the CSI program | 05.11 – 07.11 | Trubitsyna N.D. |
| Toolkit development | 08.11 – 10.11 | Trubitsyna N.D. |
| Development of instructions for organizers and interviewers | 11.11 – 12.11 | Trubitsyna N.D. |
| Replication of tools | 13.11 -15.11 | Trubitsyna N.D. |
| Briefing of organizers and interviewers | 16.11 – 18.11 | Trubitsyna N.D. |
| Collection, processing and preparation of questionnaires | 19.11 – 21.11 | Trubitsyna N.D. |
| Analysis of the information received, its generalization and display | 22.11 – 23.11 | Trubitsyna N.D.. |
| Preparation of analytical notes and reports | 24.11 - 27.11 | Trubitsyna N.D. |
| Presentations and implementation of research results into practice | 28.11 – 30.11 | Trubitsyna N.D. |
Appendix 3
Bibliography.
1. Reading culture of youth: myths and reality. Anna Akimova.
2. Vishnikina Katya (source "Alternative Newspaper") http://www.kalitva.ru/2007/06/14/chto_chitaet_molodezh.html
3. About literary evolution. Yu. N. Tynyanov.
4. Evgeny Leshchinsky (source "Our World") http://www. knigi.ru/lilit/.html
5. Anna Skvortsova http :// gazeta . en /
3. Analytical section.
1. Do young people read (in %):
Conclusion: young people now read a lot, and on their own. The circle of interests of young readers includes different genres and authors. So far, only television has competed with reading. Reading over the years has become primarily entertainment, with detective stories and fantasy now among the most popular genres. This is what worries me the most: after all, in the Russian tradition, fiction has long shaped life values and educated the younger generation.
2. The choice of literary genre, depending on age (in%):
| Bylina | Drama | Oh yeah | Lyrics | Story | Tale | Novel | Poem | Poem | |
| <18 | 0 | 14 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 36 | 14 | 22 |
| 18-20 | 1 | 17 | 2 | 4 | 13 | 17 | 26 | 13 | 5 |
| 20-23 | 0 | 32 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 17 | 17 | 0 | 17 |
| 23-25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Conclusion: the novel, which seems to be a whole, a genre developing within itself over the centuries, turns out to be not one, but variable, with material changing from literary system to system, with a changing method of introducing non-literary speech materials into literature, and the very features of the genre evolve. It is most preferred in young people under 18 years of age. Basically, young people aged 18 to 25 prefer: "story", "story". On this basis, we conclude that it is impossible to study isolated genres outside the signs of the genre system with which they correlate.
3. The choice of literary genre, depending on gender:
Conclusion: in the same way the most difficult, least investigated question is solved: about literary genres.
The fact is that prose and poetry are related to each other, there is a mutual function of prose and verse. The function of verse in a certain literary system was performed by the formal element of meter.
The table shows that young people love poetry, and girls love novels.
4. Most preferred places to read:
5. What are the most popular books for young people?
Conclusion: now such modern books as "Harry Potter", Coelho's books , Lukyanenko, Akunina, attract more and more young people, and well-known film adaptations only kindle this interest, foreign literature is also a success.
General conclusion.
During the study, many hypotheses were proven, some were refuted.
Based on the results, we can conclude that many students like to read, while others do not.
Most students read in a public place, on the way from the institute or to the institute, it turns out that in the subway and on buses.
The fact is that prose and poetry are related to each other, there is a mutual function of prose and verse. The function of verse in a certain literary system was performed by the formal element of meter.
The novel, which seems to be a whole, a genre developing within itself over the centuries, turns out to be not one, but variable, with material changing from literary system to system, with a changing method of introducing non-literary speech materials into literature, and the very features of the genre evolve.
