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Paving slabs laying on a concrete surface. Paving slabs on concrete to improve the strength characteristics of the coating. Democratic and affordable

Sometimes, instead of a bulk substrate for paving slabs, a prefabricated or monolithic one is prepared reinforced concrete slab. We suggest that you get acquainted with the specifics of laying in such conditions and study the rules for paving construction so as not to deprive it of its strong qualities.

How does the concrete substrate behave?

The concrete base under the paving surface looks the most preferable. A massive and perfectly flat plate, it would seem, excludes any possible subsidence and other irregularities even under very serious operational loads.

Since reinforced concrete is hidden under a fairly thick face layer, it is less affected by overheating from direct sunlight. Therefore, thermal expansion can be neglected in favor of high strength and solidity. However, such a pavement arrangement will inevitably prevent the free removal of moisture, which means that the forces associated with water and frost erosion will manifest themselves to a large extent.

1 - compacted soil; 2 - sand cushion 100-150 mm; 3 - crushed stone 100-150 mm; 4 - reinforcing mesh; 5 - concrete 120 mm; 6 - sand-cement mixture; 7 - paving slabs; 8 - curb

In general, the concrete base acts as a backfill with road gravel, but due to the initial integrity, it has a higher service life. Efforts for the maintenance and relocation of paving stones on such a basis are required much less, and permissible load grows in proportion to strength concrete slab. Of course, over the decades, the concrete will become more and more fragmented, and at some point it will turn into an ordinary gravel bed.

Rules for the device and preparation of a concrete base

There are no significant requirements for the structural strength of concrete on the base for tiles. Often, the decision to construct a concrete base is made for economic reasons: as a filler, washed construction batt is used as a filler, and cement residues after long-term storage are used. If factory-made concrete mass is purchased, preparatory concrete grade 100-150 will suffice.

Frost resistance is much more important. This is the main reason why the brand is specially raised to 200-250, although this is not justified from the point of view of the current loads. However, the problem can also be solved by frost-resistant modifiers for plasticizing or air-entraining concrete. The most modest reinforcement of concrete will not be superfluous, often polymer meshes with a cell pitch of 100 or 120 mm are used for it.

It should be borne in mind that the pavement on a concrete base should be arranged in the presence of a system of storm drains of surface or hidden types. This requirement is all the more important, the larger the area of the covered area. A strict concrete slab slope of at least 1000:1 is required, a mandatory framing with curbstones, as well as a system of storm channels. However, when casting a slab, they can be arranged directly in it by laying foam cuttings as removable templates.

For small areas without the prospect of building a storm system, drainage perforation is allowed. Before pouring in the plane of the slab, segments of plastic tubes are immersed in the gravel bed, the excess length of which is cut off after the concrete has hardened. The ingress of moisture under the concrete base or high GWL enhance the effect of frost heaving, in such cases it is recommended to install a damper substrate from PSB boards up to 50 mm thick.

Laying tiles with glue

The easiest and most common way of laying paving slabs on a concrete base - its landing on an adhesive mixture or cement-sand mortar. This method is most popular in refining the concrete pavement of the foundation, but you must remember that moving from such a site to an adjacent one where bedding is used should only be separated by a curb stone and in height. First of all, it is worth clarifying the disadvantages of laying on a solution or glue:

the coating remains absolutely not subject to re-laying and fragmentary repair;
the glued coating is extremely sensitive to improper water drainage: the slightest accumulation of it (for example, during the period of snow melting) can lead to the fact that the tile is simply torn by frost;
laying small-sized tiles on glue is very labor-intensive and most often leads to differences between adjacent stones;
with significant temperature fluctuations and low frost resistance of the adhesive composition, it may peel off after a few seasons.

Often the tiles are laid directly on the raw concrete, carrying out a residual leveling with a mixture of sand and cement 1: 2. The seams between the tiles are left by eye from 1 to 3 mm to compensate for thermal expansion and maintain the order of the masonry, then they are filled with the same composition. After the preliminary setting of the solution, it must immediately be washed off with water, and the dried residues should be wiped off with a wire brush.

Laying can also be carried out on tile adhesive, which is especially effective when arranging the floor in indoor areas. On terraces and under awnings, to compensate for frost shrinkage, preliminary wiping of the concrete base is carried out with the rolling of a fiberglass mesh. After the glue dries, the seams are wiped with a liquid cement-sand mortar.

When is the best time to lay on bedding

Laying small-sized paving stones (more than 20 pieces / m 2) is best carried out on a layer of bedding from a mixture of sands or screenings of different fractions (up to 4 mm) with the addition of cement grade 400. Its content can vary from 3:1 to 10:1, depending on the desired resistance of the coating to traffic loads. However, you should be aware that the formation of a knurled rut several millimeters deep over time is a completely normal phenomenon, which is eliminated by partial rearrangement.

The thickness of the pour on the concrete should be about 60-70% of the thickness of the tiles used. It is very important to prevent erosion, so all cracks in the base and curbstones are sealed with cement mortar. If the coating must remain hygroscopic, the base is covered with needle-punched geotextile or synthetic burlap before filling the mixture.

It is necessary to ram the bedding with an effort commensurate with the future load. To maintain even high foot traffic, a manual roller and rammer will suffice. Under the arrival of transport, the bedding should be prepared only by a mechanized method. Please note that the bedding must remain dry until the tile is laid, otherwise it may be difficult to level the coating.

Masonry and sweeping technique

Paving slabs on a concrete base can be laid using the same technology as on a bed of sand and gravel. It is allowed to pour the mixture under each element and additionally seat it with a mallet in order to level the difference in the thickness of the tile and the unevenness of its shrinkage.

Still, having a concrete base is a great excuse to prepare a flat rammed area and then spread the tiles over it without additional impact. This method is especially recommended in the presence of a chamfer or a convex front surface, as well as when working with tiles of high decorative qualities.

When the tile is laid on a sufficiently large area, a mixture of dry washed sand of fine fraction with cement is poured over it in a ratio of 1: 4 and all seams are thoroughly swept with the resulting composition. It is better to use not an ordinary broom, but brushes with a long synthetic bristle: you need to achieve the most dense and complete filling of all the cracks, otherwise the germination of seeds brought by the wind cannot be ruled out in them. Rinse after that the tiles with water or wait for the rain - it's up to you.

In the last decade, mini-production of paving slabs has been actively developing. For this reason, it is becoming more and more accessible to the population. Each owner wants to ennoble his plot and backyard space with the help of paving stones. Therefore, many people have questions about how to put paving slabs on concrete base. It is known to be the most reliable basis for paving.

The concrete base for laying paving slabs is strong, reliable and durable.

How to choose the right paving slabs

The best option is stones with a high degree of frost resistance. They are able to withstand from 100 to 200 cycles without compromising the quality of the coating. Another important characteristic of paving stones is compressive strength. In other words, how much weight the product can withstand.

If the quality of the tile is high, then it can withstand a load of more than 0.5 tons.

Of course, such stones have a higher price, but they are worth it: your path or playground will look like new for many years.

When buying stones, you should pay attention to whether they have chips along the edges. If there is, then consider the structure of the material. If it is porous, has recesses of various depths, then refuse to purchase such products. They won't even last a couple of seasons.

The color of paving slabs is also important. If it is too bright and saturated, then the technology of its production is violated and a large amount of dye is included in the composition. Such products crack and crumble much faster.

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How to properly prepare a concrete base for laying paving slabs

Before you start laying paving stones, you need to make a concrete screed.

Paving stones are laid on a cement-sand mortar where there is already a concrete screed. If there is none, then if you want to get a durable high-quality coating of a track or platform, you should take care of its device. For this purpose, you will need gravel or crushed stone of an average fraction of 20/40, sand of an average grain size of 0.2, water and cement of the M400 grade. Of the tools: shovels, rakes, concrete mixer, rubber mallet, building and water level, marking cord and pegs.

For tamping the soil in the absence of a vibrating plate, you can use a simple homemade tool, which is an ordinary bar with handles attached to it and a sole nailed to its lower end.

It should be determined in advance whether drainage, waterproofing and insulation will be required. In the event that paving slabs need to form a blind area around the building, then it is advisable to lay a heater. And the issue of waterproofing the adjoining space is not even discussed: it is extremely necessary.

Drainage is needed if the soil in the area is clay and The groundwater located close to the earth's surface. It is important not to make mistakes in calculating the number of stones. Paving slabs need to be bought with a margin, given that there will be much more waste with diagonal masonry.

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The sequence of works on the device of a concrete base:

When choosing a tile, you should pay attention to its structure and color.

Preparing the bed. It removes soil by 20-25 cm, which corresponds to the bayonet of a shovel.
Carefully level the bottom of the trench and select the roots of the plants. It is necessary to correctly carry out the longitudinal and transverse layout, taking into account the direction for the flow of water.
We tamp the soil. You can put geotextiles in the moat. This will prevent plants from growing through the pavers.
If necessary, lay waterproofing material. The simplest and most acceptable option is roofing felt, laid in two layers.
We do backfilling with crushed stone or gravel. The layer thickness should be 10-15 cm. We tamp this pillow.
We lay a reinforcing mesh on top of the rubble.
With the help of pegs and a cord, we mark the boundaries of the site or path intended for paving with paving stones.
Along the marking contour, we install formwork from boards 2-2.5 cm thick. In order for its sides to stand firmly, we support them with pegs driven into the ground every 80-100 cm.
Mixing concrete. The composition of the mixture is as follows: 1 part of cement and 3 parts of sand. Water should be added to the concrete mixer so much that the consistency of the solution resembles sour cream.
We pour concrete into the formwork in layers, 5-7 cm each. Each subsequent layer only after the previous one gains strength, that is, after 1-2 days.
When pouring the solution, we form slopes from the center to the edges of the site or path so that the flow of water from the surface of the paving slabs is unhindered. The slope should be very small, 1 degree will be enough.
If concreting is carried out on large areas, then expansion joints should be left every 2.5-3 m. This will prevent heaving and breaking of the paved surface during seasonal temperature changes. The seams are filled with elastic material.
We make the last layer of concrete more liquid, as it is leveling.

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The technology of laying paving slabs on a concrete base

In order for the laying technology to be clear and correct, it is necessary to think over and calculate everything in advance.

We dismantle the formwork and prepare a trench for the installation of curbstones.
We prepare hard concrete, lay it with a trowel into the prepared ditch and set the stones. The gaps between them are filled with liquid concrete.
on a concrete base in two ways: on a cement-sand mortar and on a dry cement-sand mixture.
To pre-lay it on a concrete base, following the pattern. And only after it became clear the location of each stone, we begin work on preparing a solution or mixture.
In the first case, we prepare the solution in the same proportion as when pouring concrete, but we make its consistency thicker. It is highly desirable to lay only sifted sand in the composition of the mixture. This will avoid hitting small stones that will not allow you to properly on the concrete base. With the help of a construction trowel, we lay out the “bed” with a layer of 2-3 cm and level it.
We take paving slabs and slightly press it into the solution. Using a rubber mallet, set the stone in the desired position. To do this correctly, you should as often as possible check the horizontal plane with a building level. The presence of two levels will facilitate the work: short (40-50 cm) and long (80-100 cm). With the help of the first one, we will check whether the adjacent stones are installed correctly, and the long level will tell if a much larger area is laid out horizontally.
If it is decided on a concrete base using a dry cement-sand mixture, then the sequence of work is similar to the installation of paving stones on a sandy base. That is, a layer of sand, 3-5 cm thick, is laid and leveled on the concrete in an even layer. Stones are installed with the help of a rubber mallet and a building level.

The choice of tile modules for the construction of alleys, playgrounds and other ground surfaces is due to their durability and attractiveness. But, in addition to choosing the material, you still need to do its installation: laying on sand, sand-cement mixture, gravel and concrete can be carried out. Further, we will consider the latter option in more detail and tell you how paving slabs are laid on a concrete base and why this is done.

Features of installation on concrete

Such a choice of base is especially relevant in cases where concrete has already been poured in the area necessary to create the coating. The dismantling of concrete is problematic, and one does not always want to refuse such a pillow (a certain amount of funds was previously laid in it). That is why it is decided that paving slabs will be laid on a concrete base.

If the production of paving slabs was carried out in accordance with GOST standards, and the concrete base was prepared taking into account all the moments, the surface will be able to withstand constant loads from the mass of trucks, and will last for decades.

IMPORTANT! But before the final choice of such a masonry option, it is worth considering that concrete does not conduct moisture through itself. It will collect under the tiled floor and in cold seasons this can lead to its deformation (swelling, etc.). That is why it is important to properly think over the drainage system.

How to lay paving slabs on a concrete base?

This work is divided into such basic processes: preparation of the base and installation.

Preparing the foundation

The work is performed in the following sequence:

Soil is removed if there is no concrete screed, approximately one bayonet (about 22 centimeters);

The top of the "pit" is leveled, compacted and cleaned of third-party elements;

Waterproofing is installed (if necessary);

Crushed stone is poured to the bottom and compacted (the layer is slightly more than 10 cm);

Reinforcing belt is mounted;

The boundaries of the future surface are marked;

Formwork is being built;

Concrete mix with the necessary proportions is made;

The solution is poured in layers of 5-8 cm in several stages - the next one can be poured only after the previous one has gained strength;

Immediately you need to form a slope and a drainage system (if any);

With the help of a more elastic and liquid layer of the cement mixture, the surface is completely leveled.

If you are not confident in your own building skills, then it is better to contact specialists. They are guaranteed to perform high-quality laying of paving slabs and LAYING TURNKEY PAVING SLABS - the price is quite acceptable, given the specifics of the work.

We carry out masonry

Laying paving slabs on a concrete base (the price of this work by craftsmen depends on its complexity, volume and the need to lay out complex drawings) looks something like this:

The formwork is removed and the curb stone is mounted;

You can first lay out the elements in order to understand the installation sequence (if you plan to create a complex pattern);

Thick concrete is made and applied to the prepared concrete site;

The tiled module is laid and slightly pressed;

The evenness of the arrangement is achieved by tapping on the surface of the tile with a rubber mallet;

All the time the evenness of the installation is checked with a level.

Be sure to install a sidewalk drain - it will prevent the accumulation of a large amount of water in specific areas of the coatings.

At its core, paving slabs are laid on a concrete base quite simply, but you need to know a lot of small details that only professionals can take into account.

How to lay paving slabs on a concrete base?

Such an unusual at first, paving slabs have firmly entered our lives. Now you will not surprise anyone with an openwork pattern near a house or a store, on the contrary, rare islands of asphalt along the main street are perceived as something alien and unusual.

The use of paving slabs, in addition to the obvious visual effect, has practical reasons.

With them, as well as with the technology of laying, we get acquainted further.

Benefits of using

Laying methods

With minimal knowledge and skills, as well as a margin of patience, laying paving slabs can be done independently.
This will significantly save on the cost of such a project, and also guarantees a positive result and the acquisition of the necessary experience in such work (which can always come in handy).
To begin with, you need to decide on possible way styling, as well as prepare tools and materials.
Typically, such a coating requires a cement or adhesive mortar. Both methods are good in their own way, but they also have their weaknesses.
If the advantage of cement mortar is cost, then laying on a special adhesive will be much easier to perform.

On the video - laying paving slabs on glue:

Laying paving slabs on a concrete base

How to lay tiles on a concrete base? The presence of a concrete base will greatly simplify the task of laying paving slabs.

This coating has a high degree of strength and good performance.

Pouring concrete base, progress of work

After the mortar has hardened, we will proceed directly to laying the tiles, especially since the necessary materials and tools have already been prepared. For the preparation of cement mortar, only sifted sand is taken, otherwise there is a risk of small stones and foreign inclusions.

Before installation, it is advisable to lay out the finished drawing and mark the end of the pattern.

This is especially true for complex geometric shapes. Also, you should not rush with the final installation of the curbs: setting the corner, and after laying the track - the remaining sides.

Tile laying algorithm

The formwork is dismantled and curbs are installed.
Let's prepare two types of cement mortar mixture: one is thicker - for laying tiles, and the second is thinner - for spilling between the seams.
If laying is carried out on a special glue, the solution is prepared according to the instructions. Laying on a dry layer is allowed, but in the absence of the necessary skills, this option is too complicated.
A layer of cement is laid with a construction trowel, 2-3 centimeters high, then leveled.
Laying each tile in accordance with the pattern, lightly press it into the cement and tap it with a rubber mallet.
Thus, the entire canvas is laid, constantly controlling the laying level with the help of building levels and initial markings.

Laying paving slabs is not a difficult task, especially for owners country house in which you constantly have to master the construction profession.

There are also several more options for laying tiles without pouring a concrete base. If you are laying rubber tiles, the instructions will be different.

On the video - a detailed algorithm for laying tiles:

Features of laying on old concrete

Often there is already an old track on the site, which you want to somehow upgrade to modern conditions.

Laying paving slabs on old concrete is also possible, even with lower financial and labor costs. But such a method is allowed if the coating is still sufficiently intact and without strong defects, otherwise, the concrete layer still needs to be removed and replaced with a new one.

How to lay paving slabs on old concrete:

We carry out an audit of the coating: we remove crumbs and chipped pieces, sweep away debris and sand, oil stains are removed with a solvent - the surface should be as clean as possible.
The pits and potholes are puttied with cement mortar, the bumps are combed off, the surface is leveled as best as possible and the necessary slope is made.
After the work algorithm is repeated identically to laying paving slabs on a concrete base.

As mentioned earlier, if there is serious damage and simply deformation from loads and long operation, the old coating must be removed.

If this is not done, in a couple of years your work on laying paving slabs may be spoiled. On the other hand, if the concrete base is sufficiently strong and reliable, it will not be practical to remove it, especially since in this way the cost of the finished sidewalk can be significantly reduced.

Here you can see the prices of submersible pumps for wells.

Here you can see what distance should be between the septic tank and the well: http://2gazon.ru/voda/vodozabor/kolodcy/rasstoyanie.html.

Is it possible to lay tiles on asphalt?

An equally rational solution would be to lay paving slabs on the old asphalt pavement.

First, the possible load on the surface is determined. If in the future this plane will be used only as a footpath, then the option of laying without preliminary dismantling of the asphalt is quite acceptable.

On the video - laying paving slabs on asphalt with your own hands:

To do this, you need to perform a number of works:

For better drainage, the asphalt surface is drilled with a perforator in several places before laying. The greater the frequency of drainage holes, the easier it will be to absorb excess moisture later. In the event of the final wear of the old asphalt pavement, it must be dismantled to avoid deformation of the new pavement, which will entail costs for surface repair.

Paving slabs - unusually strong and convenient type of a covering.

The advantages of this sidewalk allow you to successfully win in the competition with similar types of surfaces. The undoubted advantage in use will be relatively simple installation and the ability to install on an old concrete or asphalt surface.

Installing paving slabs is a great option to create a unique path or playground with your own hands!

According to the materials of the site: http://2gazon.ru

Paving slabs are the optimal solution for most surfaces that people walk on, be it paths, playgrounds, and so on. Attractive and durable, it is relatively inexpensive and has remarkable properties that allow it to be used in various conditions and under various load levels.

And the technology of paving paving slabs is quite affordable for implementation on their own. As an example, this can be convenient in the country, when you should not count on someone else's help.

Slope calculation

Before the laying process, it is important to do surface treatment.

In general, the scope of the project for paving sidewalks with tiles is not so large if you do the work, as an example, within the framework of a summer residence, but there are subtleties. One of the key things to take into account is adherence to slopes. Showers in our country are not uncommon, therefore it is necessary to remove moisture, protecting it from the accumulation of water. An approximate slope, optimal for most situations, is equal to a centimeter by ten meters.

You can use slopes as tricks landscape design, masking unsightly places with their help, optimizing the space.

Foundation preparation

It is critical to carry out the correct preparation of the foundation.

The quality of the installation depends on it. With a poor-quality base or a poor-quality cushion for paving slabs, the sidewalk may break, the coating may sag. As a result, it will be necessary to redo the entire paving of the paths with paving slabs.

Pay attention to density.

Many materials have disadvantages. Clay tends to be highly eroded. The sand is washed out, the base gives a subsidence, an accumulation of water appears at the site of the subsidence. It is especially not recommended to take ordinary soil.

It is unstable in relation to soaking and absorbs moisture, which freezes right in it in order to deform the structure from the inside during a thaw.

Methods for laying paving slabs on a concrete base

Often use crushed stone for laying tiles. Here, too, there are pros and cons.

For optimal results, a sand-cement mixture with a threefold predominance of sand is used. It is poured with a three-centimeter layer, leveled with a rake and moistened with a small stream of water.

Border preparation

A significant part of the preparations is the installation of curbs.

Without them, the edges will break off, the overall strength of the structure will noticeably decrease. They are made of stone, round or rectangular. To lay the curbs, a small trench is dug with pitch about five centimeters deep.

About 50% of the curb is hidden underground. The result is carefully compacted to achieve maximum strength and stability.

Laying tiles

When paving the paths with paving slabs in the country with your own hands, it is recommended to lay the material from the curb so as not to trample the prepared places once again.

In order for the material to adhere evenly to the surface, it is tapped with a mallet or rubber mallet. Everything is laid out as evenly as possible, in compliance with the sequence and pattern.

If necessary, then everything is re-sanded.

Coating care

Having carried out paving with paving slabs, it is not enough just to leave it as it is. It must be constantly looked after so that it does not lose its properties.

In particular, do not apply paint and varnishes, replacing entire fragments of the coating if repairs are necessary. When removing snow and leaves, it is not recommended to use sharp objects that can damage the coating.

The device of sidewalks, blind area and footpaths from paving slabs

Paving slabs make it possible to decorate and improve the coatings of various sites from sea berths to squares, sidewalks and railway platforms.

The device of coverings from paving slabs allows you to give any site a pleasant civilized look.

Laying paving slabs on a concrete base with your own hands: + Video

In addition, they require less labor compared to other types of coatings. A variety of colors and shapes of produced tiles allows you to choose and create a pattern for every taste.

There are three main manufacturing technologies:

Vibrocasting technology
Vibrocompression
Hyperpressing

It should be noted that the first two methods are practically not used in the West.

This is due to the fact that only hyperpressure allows you to get highest quality and at the same time significantly save the material that mainly affects the cost of the tile - cement.

The device of coverings from paving slabs

The device of the blind area from paving slabs

Due to the fact that the paving slab coating has a large number of seams (slots) through which water can penetrate, its device has some features:

A recess of 25-30 cm is made along the foundation to the width of the blind area, depending on the soil
Clay is laid at the bottom of such a trench with a layer of 10-15 cm with a mandatory slope from the building and careful tamping
The clay layer is covered with a waterproofing material (preferably a plastic film in several layers)
Next, a layer of sand is laid to the level of laying the tiles (with obligatory tamping)
Paving slabs are laid on top of such a cake in the usual way.

Clay and film allow you to reliably protect the foundation or basement from moisture, and a layer of sand prevents the appearance of puddles on the surface of the blind area.

The device of sidewalks from a tile

A few decades ago, only asphalt served as the main material for covering sidewalk paths.

Today, the arrangement of paths, covering squares and sidewalks with tiles has become commonplace.

Main advantages:

The estimate for the installation of paving slabs is commensurate with the estimate for asphalt pavement
Great opportunities in the choice of colors and shapes for specific purposes
Ability to withstand heavy loads and durability
The ability to perform work without the use of expensive equipment and mechanisms
Ability to make adjustments and ease of repair during operation

With all the advantages, the installation of paving slabs requires careful and painstaking work, high-quality preparation of the base, taking into account the features of the relief and the conditions for diverting storm water.

Home >> Paving stones laying> Laying photo tiles

Shooting lesson: we press the pressure plate with our own hands

Detailed pictures on how to apply the floor in the country. Various methods and possibilities for tile placement are considered.

You must understand the basic types of stones before you start laying them. The main types of stones are stamped and vibrated.

It is better to avoid the choice of shaking tiles, which, with a slightly higher price, more than make up for their beautiful appearance and durability.

The thickness of the paving slab may vary. Typically, the thickness of the soaked plate ranges from 20-60 mm. 20mm pavements are suitable for garden paths or areas for which a car is not warranted.

In the yard, the pressure was usually 40-45 mm. 60mm tiles are suitable for over ton trucks.

The pattern may be optional, but it is not recommended for beginners to place tiles such as "rhombus", "brick" and "paving stones". This type of tile is more difficult, the master will work with it even more.

The color of the tile can also be almost everything, but it's worth considering that the tile is more expensive than gray. This article takes into account the technology of laying sidewalks by hand.

Materials and tools for laying paving stones

paving stones

Decide on the slope of the city.

There must be a gradient with a few degrees, otherwise the water will remain in the yard after the rain. Refusal is best done in the direction of the street. If you choose to follow this advice, the street level is taken as the zero point.

In the direction of zero (the line that the platform is leaning towards), pull the two metal pins into the ground and pull the string between them. Check level with level.

It is best to use the level from below from below.

Tie another thread to one of the hooks and stretch it straight up to the first. Connect the string of thread to the new hook and insert it into the ground so that the other end is slightly above zero.

This can be checked using a level (the angle of inclination should be a few degrees).

Add another flow at the same level as the previous clamped key and advance it parallel to zero, check the horizontal level.

Attach the bun to the fourth wedge.

Connect the first and the hooks with the thread. As a result, you will get a rectangle marked with flows and lying in the plane of the next page with plates.

Now you need to divide the surface into stripes. The width of the tape is chosen according to the length of your rule (the tape should be a few centimeters narrower).

Place the selected distance and the hammer from the zero line. Do the same on the opposite side.

Connect the grub screws, align the height with the edges of the rectangle, perpendicular to the zero line. Equally divide the entire area into strips.

Now you need to align the pad with the tag. If the array is too close to the ground, the soil must be removed and the excess holes shaken. The distance between the floor and the thread should be about two tile thicknesses. All this makes the eyes not need special precision.

The example, especially if poured, must be carefully modified.

To do this, use rammers. In our case, the gate was made independently from the tap point with a welded handle.

Once the plot is leveled, you can start laying the paving stones.

Prepare the sand/cement mix. To do this, pour a pile of sand directly on the ground, gradually mixing the cement in a ratio of about 6 to 1. It is desirable that the sand is wet, so laying paving slabs to create more spring or autumn, when it is not very hot and quite humid.

Prepare the mixture evenly on one of the strips.

Excite carefully.

Place the steel tubes under the beads that indicate the edge of the ribbon. The distance between the pipe and the thread should be one centimeter less than the thickness of the tile.

The pipes must be strictly parallel to the thread and must be of the same height.

Give shoes and trousers that do not cause damage, do not forget about knee pads. Knee between the strands, go under the rule below them and draw on the surface of the pipe. You will see where you need to add the cement sand mix.

Pour out required amount cement sand mixtures. Begin the handshake by drawing out the rule.

You will receive a smooth tape, ready to be laid. You can pick up a small mixture of cement and sand on a flat surface.

Prepare and carefully check the tiles, place them in a pile near the prepared surface.

The tiles are mostly flat, but there are some errors. Some tiles can be convex (turtles), concave (slabs) and curved (propellers). It is best not to use this tile and dispose of it in case of an emergency.

Place one tile, carefully align it along the marking axis.

Press the tile with a rubber mallet, sink it into the ground to the level of the marking.

Do the same with the next tile. The order in which the sheets are placed is selected according to the pattern of the plates.

Start plastering yourself.

So, gradually move forward, you will be walking on the newly placed tile.

In the same way, prepare the base and place the next paving stone.

If there are obstacles (in our case gas pipes and sewer pipes), they must be covered with solid tiles.

The final coating and fitting is best done at the end.

Tiles need to be cleaned after every working day.

Cracks must be filled when laying tiles. This is a filling process called sweeping. For sweeping we need dry sand and cement. Mix them in a ratio of 1 to 6. The mixture is sprayed evenly over the plate and then folded several times to fill the gap.

It's a small chance that your site will be completely rectangular, so you won't be able to do it without leftovers.

Where you should cut, specify the location. Tile cutting is done with a diamond disc mill over concrete.

To create flower beds, mark them with a carving or blank.

The excess of tiles extending beyond the flower beds has disappeared.

How to place paving stones on a concrete foundation

Flower fences and slab edges should be framed with a border. To do this, dig a spatula or a small spatula with a groove along the edge.

The depth of the trench is selected according to the depth of the curb.

Install the ends and attach them to the wire with a thick mortar. In the immediate vicinity of the edges you will have cells where you must place the cut tiles. The soil in these places should be especially carefully compressed, as digging a trench can collapse.

Cut out other tiles needed to fill in the gaps that occurred while crossing obstacles.

If the pads are closer to the door, then it is better not to lie in a mixture of cement sand, but on the solution, as this will be the biggest load on the tile in this place.

This article looks at the process of placing tiles in the yard, in the case of garden paths and blind surfaces, it is much easier and does not require such thorough preparation.

The article was prepared on the basis of material from the site DIY.ru

Advantages of laying paving slabs on a concrete base

Sand and gravel substrates can often shrink. It is not suitable in cases where it is necessary to make a blind area of a building or a parking lot, therefore, when the most reliable and high-quality paving is required, laying paving slabs on a concrete base is more relevant.

This design is able to withstand significant loads and a long service life.

Advantages and disadvantages
Do-it-yourself installation
Masonry price

Tile selection

First of all, you should pay attention to the frost resistance of paving stones - it should be within F100÷F200.

Equally important is how much weight the coating can support, that is, the compressive strength (recommended 50 MPa). Pay attention to the absence of chips along the edges of the tile; you should also refuse to buy if the structure of the product is porous.

In order for each tile to be laid securely and evenly on a concrete base - depressions, protrusions and other irregularities are unacceptable.

Too saturated, bright or uneven color often indicates a violation of the dyeing technology and, as a result, insufficient strength of the products.

Stages of work

The decision to lay paving slabs on concrete can be dictated by both the need to restore the old coating and the desire to update the existing design, while it is not necessary to pre-restore the old base.

To lay the garden path with paving slabs on the mortar, you need:

install curbs along the edges (they will require recesses filled with compacted rubble);
pour a cement-sand screed in a ratio of 1:4 and a thickness of about 3 cm over a short distance onto the gravel (or the remaining wet concrete base), level it with the rule and immediately, preventing the mortar from setting, lay the tiles, leave the gaps minimal.
Pour a new portion of the screed and repeat everything until it is completely laid over the entire area of the track;
seal the seams between the paving stones with mortar or grout, if they get on the front surface of the track, remove it before it hardens.

In addition, you will have to adjust the entrance, as the surface level will rise. But, if the decision is made, then the technology for laying tiles in the garage for glue is as follows:

the concrete surface is thoroughly cleaned of dirt and dust;
for better adhesion, the screed is primed;
the tile is laid out on the floor of the garage in order to eliminate inaccuracies and errors, to trim in advance (if necessary);
part of the tiles is removed, glue is applied to the concrete (both ready-made and in the form of a dry mix are available for sale, the latter must be diluted as indicated on the package) and laying is carried out.
To maintain the same minimum gaps, plastic crosses are installed. The procedure is repeated until the entire floor of the garage is filled;
the seams are rubbed, the surface is cleaned.

Pros and cons and cons of a concrete base

The first should include the fact that the coating is able to withstand loads more than on a conventional substrate.

Guidelines for laying paving slabs on a concrete surface

The concrete base gives confidence that the tile will not sag, and the service life is significantly increased. The disadvantage is that when laying in the open air, a slope of 2-3 degrees is required to ensure the drainage of water during precipitation.

If we are talking about updating the old base, the costs of which are no longer taken into account, then the “cons” will have to include the price of laying on a concrete screed.

It is relatively expensive to prepare a solid base, which in itself is a coating, and then lay paving stones on top of it.

DIY styling

Masonry is not so difficult to produce that it could not be done independently.

To put paving slabs 4 cm in size on concrete with your own hands, you will need:

install bounding formwork or lay curbs along the edges of the screed;
prepare a sand-cement mortar 4: 1;
after wetting the screed, distribute the closed mortar in such a way that the required slope is observed;
lay the tiles, maintaining minimum gaps between them and correcting their correct position with a rubber mallet;
place the trimmed elements in their proper places last;
timely clean the front surface of the tiles from the solution;
at the end of laying, grout the seams.

Price

The price of laying on a concrete screed, as a rule, is higher than on other types of foundations, this is due to the additional costs of its manufacture and the need to provide a slope, additional drainage systems.

Estimated cost for work in Moscow is shown in the table:

Company	Types of jobs	Price, rub/m2	Notes
"Astroy"	rectilinear paving	500	auxiliary work is carried out according to the estimate
decorative	600
trimming edge elements	180 l.m
Roscemgroup	on a base of gravel and sand	850	customer materials, area up to 600 m2
	600
with preparation	1 300
rubble and sand	1 850	materials and work of the company, area up to 600 m2
on the finished concrete base	2 600
with preparation	1 300
"Moskladka"	ready-made paving	750	with materials
-/-	500	without materials
"Build Marz"	on a ready base	500	-/-
with preparation	1 000	-/-
"Full construction"	1 700	materials and foundation preparation

The traditional sand and gravel base for laying paving slabs often shrinks unevenly. Especially if the laying technology was violated. Therefore, if the task is to obtain a reliable and durable paving, they use laying paving slabs on a freshly poured or already existing hardened concrete base.

Laying tiles on concrete

Due to the fact that one of the "harmful" features of paving slabs lying on a concrete base is the danger of slow water drainage, the frost resistance of the purchased paving stones must be at least F100-F200.

It is also very important what kind of mechanical load the purchased tile can withstand. Usually, this laying technology is used for the construction of highly loaded sites, so the compressive strength of paving slabs should be within 50 MPa (500 kg / cm2).

Stages of laying technology

There are two ways to install elements on a concrete base: on a fresh mortar and on an old concrete coating. Consider these two methods in more detail.

Laying tiles on fresh cement mortar

After marking the site, go along the edges of the path to install curb stones. To do this, dig a trench with a width of "curb thickness + 2 cm, one centimeter wide per side." The depth of the trench corresponds to the above-ground and underground parts of the curb, and the thickness of the cement-sand cushion (4-5 cm) is also taken into account for better fixation and alignment. For example, for a border 25 cm high, you will need to dig a trench 10 cm + 4 cm deep (under the pillow) = 14 cm. which curbstones are driven into it with a rubber hammer.
The space between the curbs is covered with a small layer (3 cm) of gravel or screenings.
On the small area of the future site on a layer of gravel, 4-5 cm thick, a cement-sand screed is poured, prepared in a ratio of 1: 4 (1 share of M500 cement, 4 parts of sifted sand). Important! A freshly poured screed is leveled with the rule in such a way that a slope of 2-3 degrees is obtained towards the water outlet. Immediately, not allowing the solution to “grab” on it, maintaining minimal gaps, paving slabs are laid. Next, another portion of the screed is poured and the process is repeated.
Laying tiles is carried out according to the technology "from oneself". In other words, the master, doing the work, moves forward along the already laid tile;
The seams between the paving stones and the curbs are sealed with the same mortar or a dry cement-sand mixture. In the latter case, the seams are abundantly moistened with water.

Laying tiles on an old concrete base

This option is not the best in terms of aesthetics. If in the first option it is possible to build a site flush with the soil level or slightly, slightly above the soil level, then in this case the site will rise to the full thickness of the tile, and nothing can be done about it.

The concrete surface is thoroughly cleaned of dirt and dust and covered with a special primer for better adhesive adhesion;
The tile is preliminarily laid out on the site. Where it is necessary to cut or cut.
Part of the tile is dismantled. A special glue is applied to the surface of the concrete (sold in the distribution network in the form of a dry mix). A “portion” of tiles is laid on the glue with maintaining minimum gaps (you can use special plastic “crosses”);
The procedure is carried out "step by step" until the entire area or track is filled;
The seams are closed as in the previous case;
The site surface is cleared.

Advantages and disadvantages

There are two main advantages: a longer service life and the ability to drive around the sites in cars or other vehicles;
The disadvantages include: a higher cost of work, the need to equip slopes and reliable drainage of rain and melt water.

salecement.ru

Advantages of laying paving slabs on a concrete base

Advantages and disadvantages
Do-it-yourself installation
Masonry price

Tile selection

First of all, you should pay attention to the frost resistance of paving stones - it should be within F100÷F200. Equally important is how much weight the coating can support, that is, the compressive strength (recommended 50 MPa). Pay attention to the absence of chips along the edges of the tile; you should also refuse to buy if the structure of the product is porous.

In order for each tile to be laid securely and evenly on a concrete base - depressions, protrusions and other irregularities are unacceptable.

Too saturated, bright or uneven color often indicates a violation of the dyeing technology and, as a result, insufficient strength of the products.

Stages of work

install curbs along the edges (they will require recesses filled with compacted rubble);
pour a cement-sand screed in a ratio of 1:4 and a thickness of about 3 cm over a short distance onto the gravel (or the remaining wet concrete base), level it with the rule and immediately, preventing the mortar from setting, lay the tiles, leave the gaps minimal. Pour a new portion of the screed and repeat everything until it is completely laid over the entire area of the track;
seal the seams between the paving stones with mortar or grout, if they get on the front surface of the track, remove it before it hardens.

Sometimes a plan may arise to renew the old concrete pavement in the garage with paving slabs, although the idea is not the best: over time, it will not be possible to avoid traces of oils, antifreeze and other liquids. In addition, you will have to adjust the entrance, as the surface level will rise. But, if the decision is made, then the technology for laying tiles in the garage for glue is as follows:

the concrete surface is thoroughly cleaned of dirt and dust;
for better adhesion, the screed is primed;
the tile is laid out on the floor of the garage in order to eliminate inaccuracies and errors, to trim in advance (if necessary);
part of the tiles is removed, glue is applied to the concrete (both ready-made and in the form of a dry mix are available for sale, the latter must be diluted as indicated on the package) and laying is carried out. To maintain the same minimum gaps, plastic crosses are installed. The procedure is repeated until the entire floor of the garage is filled;
the seams are rubbed, the surface is cleaned.

Pros and cons and cons of a concrete base

The first should include the fact that the coating is able to withstand loads more than on a conventional substrate. The concrete base gives confidence that the tile will not sag, and the service life is significantly increased. The disadvantage is that when laying in the open air, a slope of 2-3 degrees is required to ensure the drainage of water during precipitation.

If we are talking about updating the old base, the costs of which are no longer taken into account, then the “cons” will have to include the price of laying on a concrete screed. It is relatively expensive to prepare a solid base, which in itself is a coating, and then lay paving stones on top of it.

DIY styling

Masonry is not so difficult to produce that it could not be done independently. To put paving slabs 4 cm in size on concrete with your own hands, you will need:

install bounding formwork or lay curbs along the edges of the screed;
prepare a sand-cement mortar 4: 1;
after wetting the screed, distribute the closed mortar in such a way that the required slope is observed;
lay the tiles, maintaining minimum gaps between them and correcting their correct position with a rubber mallet;
place the trimmed elements in their proper places last;
timely clean the front surface of the tiles from the solution;
at the end of laying, grout the seams.

Price

Company	Types of jobs	Price, rub/m2	Notes
"Astroy"	rectilinear paving	500	auxiliary work is carried out according to the estimate
decorative	600
trimming edge elements	180 l.m
Roscemgroup	on a base of gravel and sand	850	customer materials, area up to 600 m2
	600
with preparation	1 300
rubble and sand	1 850	materials and work of the company, area up to 600 m2
on the finished concrete base	2 600
with preparation	1 300
"Moskladka"	ready-made paving	750	with materials
-/-	500	without materials
"Build Marz"	on a ready base	500	-/-
with preparation	1 000	-/-
"Full construction"	1 700	materials and foundation preparation

stoneguru.com

Step-by-step laying of paving slabs on a concrete base

Photo from the site: KlademKirpich.ru

Our distant ancestors invented laying out streets and roads with paving stones, however, paving slabs appeared on the construction market relatively recently. Natural stone today has a rather high cost, but tiles made from pressed, baked clay, sand and other components will cost several times cheaper, which is why many consumers prefer it.

There are several fairly simple methods for laying paving slabs: on a concrete base, as well as on a pillow of sand and gravel. In the second case, it will be much faster, but such a coating simply cannot withstand a large load, but in the first case, if desired, you can drive a heavy truck along such a track. Let's figure out together how to put paving slabs on a concrete base so that it will serve you faithfully for many years.

Process features: measurements, calculations and selection of materials

Photo from the site: recn.ru

For a beginner, laying paving slabs on a concrete base may seem overly complicated, so many people refuse such an idea, preferring ordinary sandy paths. However, such a coating can in no way be compared with paving slabs in terms of durability, strength, endurance, and the appearance of such tiles is really magnificent. So how to put paving slabs on concrete, what do you need to know and remember for this, as well as what nuances need to be taken into account?

The most important thing when it comes to laying paving slabs on concrete on the street is to organize the correct and competent removal of moisture, otherwise the winter cold will simply ruin your coating if it is not washed away by heavy autumn rains even earlier. Drainage must be provided at least every three meters of concrete screed. It is also necessary to take care of the slope so that the water immediately flows off the track, and does not stand there.

Marking and measurements

First of all, you need to mark the site, correctly measuring the area, the location of future paths and paved paths. The easiest way is to lay paving slabs on an old concrete path that has been in operation for a long time, but if you wish, you can also fill in a fresh screed, however, you will have to wait until the mixture dries thoroughly, since it is strictly not recommended to lay tiles before. For beginners, it is better to abandon bent lines, creases and corners, since then it will take a lot of time to cut the tiles, and this is a tedious and painstaking process.

Photo from the site: diy.ru

To correctly mark the territory and mark the boundaries of the tracks, the easiest way is to drive in pegs and stretch a twine between them. So you get the big picture, which can already be assessed visually, and if necessary, make some adjustments to the plan by making the tracks narrower or wider, longer or shorter. The simplest laying of paving slabs on concrete involves drawing up a plan or drawing, with all sizes applied to it, so it will be much easier for you to navigate with the necessary materials and raw materials.

Level when laying paving slabs on an old concrete base

Do not forget also about the level of the proposed paths paved with paving slabs. Firstly, as we have already said, in no case should one forget about the slope, which should be directed towards the street, lawn or lawn, but not towards the house. Secondly, you should first mark out where the curbs will be dug in, which are best thoroughly concreted, since they can slightly “walk” when the soil subsides, but this can spoil the appearance thoroughly, and the integrity of the coating can be violated.

Photo from the site: trotuar.biz

Also, first, if there is no old path, and you are just about to fill the screed, it is worth removing the layer of fertile soil completely, at least 15-30 centimeters, and also remove all roots and stones. It is impossible for the path to protrude above the lawn, as this can not only damage the surface, but can also be inconvenient and dangerous due to height differences.

The correct tile and its quantity

Thus, to the question whether it is possible to lay paving slabs on a concrete base, the answer is yes, it remains only to find out how to choose the right materials and raw materials for laying it, and also in what quantity tiles should be purchased. With regards to the main characteristics and indicators, it is first of all worth looking at the thickness.

Photo from the site: Remoo.RU

The thicker such a tile, the more durable and reliable your coating will be, and it will be able to withstand much more serious loads for a longer time.
Immediately upon purchase, you should find out the frost resistance of materials, because in our climate this is extremely important.
When calculating the amount of material, you need to correctly measure all the areas of the tracks. In order for you to have enough for cutting, you should add another 10-15 percent to the resulting amount, then there will be no problems.
Borders for laying paving slabs on concrete are sold, therefore, and calculated in linear meters. It is worth measuring the entire length, and then throwing on three or four additional additional elements, which will also be used for trimming and in reserve.

Thus, we not only found out whether it is possible to lay paving slabs on concrete, but also learned how to correctly calculate the required amount of materials and raw materials.

Equipment, materials and tools

Experienced master tilers and tilers know in advance what is required in order to lay paving slabs on concrete, but for a beginner this may come as a complete surprise. It is worth dwelling on this issue in more detail, because in addition to the paving slab itself, as well as the curb to it, additional tools and raw materials will be required.

Photo from the site: 1PoKirpichy.ru

If the screed is already available, and this is a topic for a whole separate article, then we will not talk about crushed stone and coarse sand, but ordinary, washed river sand will be required in order to lay paving slabs on concrete in a fairly in large numbers.
You will also need to purchase quite a lot of cement, brand M500 or M400. You can take a cheaper one, but the quality then drops significantly. Pay attention to the expiration date of this material, it should be produced no more than three months ago, since in the future the cement loses its unique properties and quality.
For the drainage layer, crushed stone with a fine fraction, no more than forty millimeters, is required.
A building level, a trowel, a rule, a ruler and a shovel, work gloves, a pickaxe, a hammer and a square, a cord and pegs for it - almost every home craftsman has all this.
If the area for laying paving slabs on a concrete base, as shown in the video at the end of the article, is quite large, it does not hurt to rent or even purchase a concrete mixer.
Manual, as well as mechanical and special rammers are also required to have on hand. Buying such expensive equipment does not make sense if you are not going to use it for work, but renting it is quite realistic.
A special rubber hammer for leveling and compacting paving slabs cannot be replaced by anything, so you should buy it. Such hammers can be of various weights and sizes, it is worth choosing something in between, not very heavy, but not quite light either.

Photo from the site: trotuar.biz

To cut tiles to size in the corners and along the edges of the path, it also does not hurt to prepare a grinder, for which you need to buy a special nozzle - a diamond wheel for concrete, otherwise it will hardly work to cut the tile.

The technology of laying paving slabs on a concrete base

Since we are not talking at all about how the screed is poured, which, presumably, we already have, let's talk about how to lay paving slabs on a concrete base, what needs to be done for this and how to correctly distribute the work in stages. Everything is quite simple, so even a beginner can figure it out, so don’t worry, but you’ll have to put in a lot of physical labor, you should be prepared for this.

Photo from the site: plitkasnab.ru

First of all, you should install borders, which will beautifully outline the boundaries of the tracks, and also prevent the tiles from “spreading” in different directions. From the level of the base of the screed, you need to go deeper under the curb for another ten centimeters, pour a five-centimeter layer of sand on the bottom, then lay the same amount of cement-sand mortar, and only then install the curb element itself. It is required to align it along a stretched cord, but orientation, relative to the horizon, should be carried out using a level. After installation, all work must be stopped for a day, so that the solution at the base of the curbs grabs.
A small layer of crushed stone is poured, approximately three to five centimeters, which will serve as a pillow, and at the same time drainage. This layer must be well leveled with a rule, and it must also be checked with a level, only after that you can do its thorough tamping.
On top of all this, an additional layer of sand mixed with cement is poured in a ratio of five to one.
It is on the sandy surface that paving slabs are laid and very carefully compacted with a special rubber hammer. First, you should pave the main plane, and only then cut the pieces and edges, but it is worth considering that it is imperative to leave a gap between the tiles, at least 3 millimeters. This is done so that in the cold it does not burst and deform.
A tamper is installed on the surface of the laid tiles and it is passed over the entire plane.

Site photo: market.sakh.com

From above, the entire surface must be sprinkled with the same sand mixed with cement and a broom, very carefully place it over the entire plane so that the mixture evenly fills all the cracks. The rest of the sand is also swept away with a whisk or broom. Next comes the stage of spilling water. This can be done with buckets, or you can use a garden hose, especially if there is an irrigation system.

It is necessary to ensure that the solution is not washed out of the cracks and gaps, but, on the contrary, reliably settles in them. You can repeat the last steps several times until the best result is achieved. Also, if desired, you can seal the joints of the tiles with grout, but this is not at all necessary. Laying paving slabs on concrete is not at all difficult, even a beginner in the construction business can do it, so do not worry, you just need to get up and do it, and all the subtleties and nuances can be seen in the video.

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tile-pol.ru

How to lay paving slabs on a concrete base: all installation steps

On the territory of a private house, large shops, parking lots, you need a coating that can withstand increased loads. To solve the problem, you need a pillow made of concrete. We will figure out how to lay paving slabs on a concrete base on our own, and ensure the reliability and durability of the cladding.

Can it be laid on concrete?

Paving slabs are generally laid on top of a bed of sand and gravel that is formed just above the ground. But, such a base cannot withstand a lot of weight with loads. For the improvement of children's territories, car parks, footpaths, the technology of laying paving slabs on a concrete base is used. A pillow made of concrete is able to provide reliability and strength to the facing coating.

One of the important arguments in the question of whether paving slabs can be laid on concrete will be both the strength of the coating and its moisture resistance.

The method of laying paving slabs on a concrete base has the following advantages:

ability to accept increased loads;
resistance to unforeseen damage of a different nature;
simple installation technology;
you can manage on your own when laying.

You can lay paving slabs on concrete, and during further operation the coating will not sag if you follow the requirements of the installation technology.

There are some disadvantages when laying paving slabs on concrete:

installation is more laborious when compared with a sand cushion in combination with crushed stone;
if one element of the coating turned out to be damaged, then when it is removed, there is a possibility of damage to neighboring parts;
if the rules for installing paving slabs on a concrete base are not followed, the concrete pad may crumble after the first winter season.

Moisture is one of the main troubles for concrete pavement. When moisture gets into the cracks of the tiles, and when they freeze further in winter, the coating literally breaks from the inside. A deformed coating may come off the base. Therefore, before you start laying tiles on a concrete base, you need to take care of high-quality drainage and drainage design.

It is possible to lay paving slabs on concrete, but it is necessary to correctly install the coating.

Installation steps

Before you get started, check out the video below for laying paving slabs on a concrete base, as well as step-by-step recommendations. It is important to follow the installation rules so that you do not have to do the work again.

Paving slabs on a concrete base are mounted in several stages:

preparatory activities are carried out, which include measurements and marking of the surface to be treated;
preparation of the concrete base;
curb installation;
surface cladding.

If you lay paving slabs on concrete, according to the steps listed, the coating will last a long time and will not require unscheduled repairs. Let's consider each stage of work in more detail.

Necessary tools and fixtures for installation

To perform facing work, you must use the following devices and materials:

container for mixing the solution. Well, if there is a concrete mixer;
sand;
cement (grade M500);
gravel;
hydraulic levels (2 pieces). One device - 50 cm, the second - 100 cm;
device for compacting the base (rammer). You can use automatic or manual option;
a stronger rope, pegs for marking the boundaries of the coating;
trowel (special spatula for applying the solution);
rubber mallet;
irrigation hose;
rake;
broom.

Tools with accessories are selected, and you can proceed to the next step.

We calculate the amount of facing material

To eliminate unnecessary costs, and upon completion of the installation, there are no unused elements left, it is necessary to mark up and calculate the required amount of paving slabs for concrete. Thanks to correct measurements and calculations, you will get a quality surface finish.

Position Calculation principle

Pavement Tiles	Measure the perimeter and surface area for cladding. The number of tiles is calculated by the sum of all surface areas that will be lined. To the resulting figure you need to add 10%, in cases of marriage or other unforeseen circumstances
Building components for a bulk base	Calculated taking into account the thickness of the pillow layer. For calculation, the area of \u200b\u200bthe entire working surface (in m²) is taken and multiplied by the width of the future coating (in meters).
Curb stone	The required figure is the length of all perimeters, from which the length of the places where the surface adjoins the base is subtracted
Concrete cushion components	The calculation depends on the density of the pillow. So, if you need to make a pillow of B20 concrete (for 1 m³), then you will need approximately the following number of components: cement - 320 kg, gravel - 1150, sand - 770 kg. Water will go away, approximately, about 180 liters

After the calculations, you can proceed to the main preparatory measures before laying paving slabs on the concrete pavement.

Preparatory activities

The quality and durability of the future coating depends on well-executed preparation before gluing paving slabs on concrete.

First prepare the soil:

the soil is taken out from the marked working surface (to a depth of 25 cm), so as to go beyond the markings to the thickness of the future curb, and throw another 3 cm. Stones and rhizomes of plants must be removed from the pit;
the bottom must be leveled with a rake, then watered with a hose and compacted well.

Making a concrete pad step by step

In order to qualitatively lay paving slabs on concrete, it is necessary to make the correct base. If the technology is violated, the surface will soon crack.

The pillow is made as follows:

the bottom of the prepared trench is filled with a special three-dimensional honeycomb structure (geogrid) to hold the coating on the bevels, then it is covered with a layer of gravel (15 cm). The edges of the lattice should be lower in height than the covered gravel, so as not to interfere with tamping;
the resulting layer is well rammed;
a reinforcing mesh is installed on top;
according to the contour marking, a temporary flooring (formwork) is installed, which during the installation process will be filled with concrete mortar;
while the concrete is being prepared, it is simultaneously poured into the deck to eliminate voids. Voids can affect the strength of the structure;
the finished base is covered with a film and left in this state for several days (from 3 to 7). Periodically it is necessary to moisten the finished base with water.

To remove moisture that has entered or may seep into the concrete pad, cut polypropylene pipes are installed at regular intervals. The top of the pipes is placed in such a way that it coincides with the top of the pillow, and the bottom goes into a layer of gravel. After the concrete layer has completely hardened, the formwork can be removed.

Installation of curbs

When the formwork is removed, curbs must be installed in the resulting recesses. To perform the work, a concrete solution is prepared, and with the help of a trowel it fits into the ditches. From above, one at a time, curb stones are mounted.

A rubber hammer is used to fix the curbs. The remaining gaps must be filled with a liquid concrete layer.

To avoid interference with wastewater, when installing curbs, follow their height. It should be below the top of the paving stones (30 mm difference). After a day, the solution will harden, and the resulting space between the curbs and the walls of the moat must be covered with sand.

Surface cladding

After the above activities have been completed, you can proceed to the final stage - laying paving slabs on a concrete base. Before performing the installation, it will not be superfluous to familiarize yourself with the video below on how to lay paving slabs on concrete.

If the lined surface is supposed to be used as a footpath, then the thickness of the element for facing can be from 4 to 5 cm. If a parking space for cars is being arranged, then select facing elements with a thickness of 6 cm.

There are two ways to lay paving slabs on concrete:

apply a dry composition of sand with cement;
use a solution of cement with sand.

Let's take a closer look at how to glue paving slabs on a concrete base using the methods mentioned above:

Important: if you lay paving slabs on concrete treated with a dry mix, then without additional devices this technique will not hold the facing material. Therefore, when paving slabs were laid on a concrete pavement, it is necessary to thoroughly soak the structure with water. Moisture will seep into the resulting gaps between the facing elements, and the dry mixture will harden.

To lay paving slabs on a concrete base, you need to use a rubber mallet, with which the facing is driven into a cement-based mortar.

We close the seams

Correctly laying paving slabs on concrete means following all the steps in the process. When the facing stage is completed, you need to take care of grouting.

You will need a dry mixture of sand and cement, with which the remaining seams and gaps fall asleep. After processing, the seams are shed with water. Repeat these steps until the mixture stops shrinking.

Leave the surface for three days to dry completely. Then you can do the cleaning, and sweep the resulting dust with a broom. At the end of cleaning, the finished lined surface is washed with a hose using strong pressure.

If the concrete pad is old

Walking paths or other surfaces are not always lined with fresh concrete pavement. You can lay paving slabs on an old concrete base. Refining an existing pillow will take less time and money. But some nuances should be taken into account. Laying paving slabs on old concrete is shown if the base is relatively intact and has no visible defects.

You can lay paving slabs on old concrete as follows:

first you need to carefully inspect the used base;
clean the surface from crumbs, debris, sand. If there are oil stains, then they are easily removed with a solvent. The main thing is that the work surface is cleaned;
existing surface chips, pits, cracks are puttied with a cement-based mortar. The surface must be leveled in such a way that a slight slope is obtained;
further, you need to lay the paving slabs on the concrete pavement, which was in use, in the same way as on a new base.

Important: if serious defects are found during inspection of the old concrete pad, then lining cannot be performed. Otherwise, during operation, the surface will not withstand the load and deform. If the blind area of paving slabs on a concrete base is strong and looks reliable, then using the pillow again can save a lot.

Compliance with security measures

Pavement lining or parking spaces refers to construction work Therefore, it is important to observe safety precautions in the process of work.

To lay tiles on concrete outdoors, and not harm your health, you must adhere to the following precautions:

to protect the lungs when working with cement mortars and dry mixes, it is necessary to use a respirator;
to protect your eyesight, use special goggles with safety glasses, which will come in handy when cutting the facing material;
concrete can adversely affect skin covering so protect your hands with gloves;
upon completion of work with concrete solutions, all tools used must be washed and cleaned immediately. Otherwise, after the concrete has hardened, it will be difficult to wipe them off;
Do not cut or split tiles on your knees.

Do not forget that you can use the lined surface no earlier than three days after the completion of work. For the reliability of the structure, put up temporary fences.

When performing work, it is necessary to strictly observe not only safety measures, but also the phased technology of the process. With proper implementation of facing measures, the coating will not crack on frosty days, the tile will fit snugly against the concrete base. Parking lots and walkways will last for a long time and will not require unexpected repairs if the instructions are followed.

Paving slabs do not slip, let water through and look more aesthetically pleasing than other materials. A path or sidewalk can become a convenient place for movement in a country house or in a private house. Don't think it will be expensive or too difficult. The technology is available to anyone who has minimal knowledge of how to lay tiles. And the price depends on the chosen installation method.

The technology of laying paving slabs on a concrete base

A concrete base is often used if serious loads on paving slabs are planned. Under the weight of the material will not settle or deteriorate, as is the case with the traditional method. If workers have installed a blind area, then a concrete screed with waterproofing properties will be required.

The durability of a concrete-based pavement is much higher than that of a conventional pavement.

Installation technology is available to everyone and you can do the work yourself. The main thing is to make drainage and drainage before the process itself. Concrete cannot pass water, and in the cold season or in the off-season it is quite dangerous.

Concrete-based tiles are not subject to deformation during operation

Stages of laying tiles on a concrete base:

Calculation, marking and preparatory work;
curb installation;
Creation of a concrete base;
Paving slab.

At the first stage, it is necessary to tighten the thread to indicate the laying level. It is necessary to equip the correct level of slope of the sidewalk. Usually it is 1-3 degrees.

It is also worth taking care of excavation of the soil. The threshold should be about 40 cm. This is how the required depth of the soil is calculated, taking into account that the sidewalk is always slightly above ground level. You also need to take into account the descent for drainage.

Curbs are installed so that the path can maintain its shape. The pour itself is quite heavy and multi-layered, so this formwork is simply necessary. One way or another, you will have to install the curb before pouring concrete or after.

To install the edge of the sidewalk, it is necessary to dig a trench, which will be 30 cm below the sole of the curb slab. 10-20 cm of the trench should be occupied by crushed stone, which is well rammed. Next, the solution is poured and the fence of the track is installed. After a day, you can start the main work.

After excavating the soil, you need to level the soil and create the desired slope. After that, geotextiles should be laid. It is placed to prevent the germination of greenery, which is already impossible due to the thick layer of concrete.

Next, it is worth laying 15-20 cm of rubble and compacting everything. After that you need to install metal carcass. This is done if high loads on the sidewalk are planned. After that, concrete grade M100 - M200 is poured.

Procedure: how to lay paving slabs on a concrete base

The procedure for laying paving slabs is similar to the usual installation of tiles in a bathroom or kitchen. Preparatory work does not require priming or thorough cleaning. It is enough to choose the right way of laying.

The process of laying tiles is simple, the main thing is to follow the technology

Paving slab mounting options:

On a wet base of sand and cement;
On a dry base;
For construction adhesive.

When working with the dry method, there is a large shrinkage of the material, so this method is used only by professionals. And the cost of building glue is not affordable for everyone. That is why the most best option- laying on a wet screed.

To begin with, a cement-sand mortar is prepared. Crushed stone does not need to be added to the composition. The mixture is slightly stronger and thicker than with bedding.

First you need to make a sample. It is necessary to determine how the tile will be placed, cut out problem areas. After that, it is necessary to pour the solution with a layer of 2-3 cm. Next, you should lay the tile.

Crosses are used to control the gap. It is important to monitor both the evenness of the surface and the desired slope.

After completing the work, you must wait a couple of days for the final drying. The resulting gap will need to be filled with sand using a broom. After 7 days, you can treat the cracks with a solution.

Using adhesive for paving slabs

If desired, glue can be used for paving slabs. The work itself is simple and can be done by hand. But the result is a strong and durable coating.

To work, you will need the mixture itself and the selected tile. Laying must be done on a concrete base. This will provide a durable coating on which vehicles can move.

Various sizes and colors allow you to limit yourself in styling options

The sequence of installing tiles on construction adhesive:

Foundation preparation. It is necessary to get rid of debris and moisten the work surface with water. If there is no curb, then a fence must be installed.
Laying tiles. It is necessary to lay the tile, gradually applying glue. The layer of the mixture must be adjusted with a trowel. You can make the necessary slope by controlling the thickness of the layer. A separate tile should be immersed in the mixture by a couple of millimeters.

A rubber mallet can help you lay the paving stones correctly. Sometimes the adhesive method can be used to form the base. After preparing the soil, you just need to pour the mixture.

When applying glue, it is better to make a transverse slope. The longitudinal version will require more glue.

To make the base with the use of glue stronger, it is necessary to add cement, sand and gravel to the mixture. So the structure of the solution will be more durable. But such a foundation will cost too much.

It is important to correctly lay out the tiles, but besides this, there are also many nuances that relate to the installation of paving stones. To begin with, it is necessary to take into account the risk of working with moving soil. Here it is worth tamping the ground with a vibrating saw. In addition, there are other nuances of technology.

Damaged tiles can always be replaced without resorting to dismantling the entire coating.

Practical advice and rules for the performance of work:

Pay attention to soils with high humidity. During freezing, they will increase their volume, so the pavement laying technology is different.
It is necessary to take into account the weather conditions during work. Wind, rain, hail directly affect the hardening of concrete.
The first processing of seams should be carried out exclusively with sand. In this case, it is better to sift it.
For high-quality work, it is worth using additional tools: concrete mixers, vibrating saw. So the crushed stone will be securely compacted, and the concrete will have a uniform consistency.
If you plan to create paintings or unusual patterns, then you should try on the tiles and think everything over in advance.
In the absence of skills in laying tiles, you need to seek help from professionals.

The durability of the coating depends on the care of the tiles. To do this, it is worth periodically cleaning. If the paving stone has split or other defects have appeared, then it can be repaired. You just need to replace the old tile flooring with a new one.

Laying paving slabs on a concrete base (video)

A concrete base for paving slabs is simply necessary. It strengthens the path and allows transport to move along it. At the same time, pouring concrete increases the service life of flagstone. Laying work can be done in three ways. It all depends on the available resources and skills.