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Injection as an effective method of waterproofing concrete and brick structures. Concrete injection: equipment features, photo

Concrete injection is a new, one of the most effective technologies that allows you to repair objects, eliminate visible and invisible defects. This technology consists in the fact that voids, cracks in concrete are filled with specially designed polymer compounds, which are injected with pressure. Having a certain skill, having the necessary knowledge, concrete injection can be done independently, this makes it possible to avoid overhaul which saves a lot of time and money.

With the help of injection into concrete, it is possible to solve the problem associated with the waterproofing of the basement, the tunnel. This is especially true when structures on concrete leak. In this case, the use of acrylate gels will be effective. The application of the method is possible as floor coverings as well as on the walls.

The next area of application of the technology is the restoration of the foundation, during the construction of which "cold joints" were used. If there is debris between parts that are adjacent that could affect adhesion, water resistance may be lost.

In addition, the technique is applicable to places where there is a deformation of the seams. Most often this applies to parking lots, subways.

Foundations made of blocks, which reinforce and provide waterproofing properties of the structure, are also subject to repair by this method. Having made an injection, you can easily fill cracks (even the smallest, almost imperceptible) in any part of a reinforced concrete or concrete structure.

Among the main advantages of the method:

maintains the integrity of the structural design;
instantly waterproofs and seals;
minimum time spent on work;
the method helps to restore and strengthen even the most inaccessible areas of the building;
work can be done all year round regardless of weather conditions;
eliminates earthworks;
the ability to work in any plane - foundation, walls, ceiling, floor, and so on.

Materials for injection

Fill cracks with different technologies, use:

epoxy resins;
polymer cement compositions;
polyurethane.

The main requirements for solutions: they must be low-viscosity, penetrate well into the crack, and not react to temperatures from the outside. In addition, the compositions must meet the following main requirements:

minimize shrinkage during hardening;
have good adhesion to different materials, incl. to metal;
do not grow old;
not succumb to corrosive phenomena.

You should choose injection materials before you start working, this will allow you to stock up on the necessary equipment.

They are used to fill cracks in various concrete bases, especially those that should have maximum strength. Resins are able to instantly penetrate even the smallest cracks, up to half a millimeter thick. This guarantees maximum filling density. After repair, load-bearing capacity and structural strength will be restored concrete structures.

The use of polymeric compositions

Their use is advisable if the damage is very large - in this case, using epoxy resin is expensive and irrational. Polycement materials increase the density of concrete buildings, strengthen structures (new and old).

When injected, a special cement mortar is supplied under high pressure, this allows the composition to penetrate into every cavity, pore, even hidden ones. This method of injection is used in restoration work related to the restoration of foundations in which cracks appear as a result of shrinkage of the building.

Waterproofing compositions

Polyurethane is used to protect the structure from possible moisture penetration. This material is an excellent waterproofing agent. They fill the seams and joints between monolithic parts, process especially wet areas, isolate holes and cracks in the water supply and sewerage networks.

Staged injection

The work uses equipment for concrete injection: packers and. The technology is divided into several important stages:

Preparatory (the surface is being prepared for the process).
Filling cracks.
Applying the last layer.

We prepare the surface

The instructions for carrying out the work say that before introducing the sealing resin, it is necessary and well to prepare the surface of the concrete structure. Preparation includes:

Hole drilling. You need to do this along the crack, use a perforator. Holes must necessarily be staggered, have a direction to defects, be so deep as to reach the cavity and void in the monolith.
Inserting the packer into the holes. These are special tubes through which injection equipment is connected. The mixture will be supplied through these tubes. It is very important to place the packers and tubes correctly. Only with a properly installed packer, the composition will be correctly distributed, fill the void, and restore the integrity of the structure.

The viscosity of the material influences the pressure of the applied compound!

If you pour the composition, you can aggravate the situation - the cracks will expand, strength monolithic structure will break.

Filling voids in cracks

It is easiest to deal with defects that do not exceed half a millimeter. Another condition is the absence of corrosion on the structure. This will ensure the speed of work, its quality, even if a manual injector is used. If corrosion is found, concrete slab exfoliates, the surface should be cleaned, this can be done. If you do not get rid of the defects, the solution will not harden correctly, the cracks will only increase.

Filling schemes (depending on where exactly the crack is located):

Vertical. They inject from the lower points, finish with the upper ones.
Horizontal. You can inject from two sides at once, from the central point to the extreme ones or from left to right.
Ceiling. The work is similar to the previous one, the resin will not flow out of the holes, because it is viscous.

Applying the last layer

When the filling is completed, disconnect the pipes, close the packers with special plugs. The restored place must be covered with a film, it is not removed until the composition has completely solidified (from a couple of days to a week).

After the film is removed, an insulating or decorative layer is applied - it will hide the traces of the repair.

Subtleties of waterproofing work

If your goal is to waterproof an object, the work should be carried out in two stages:

First, pump polyurethane into the cracks - it will block access to moisture, forming a porous structure.
Feed through the packers epoxy, when the polyurethane hardens - it will fill the void, the polyurethane pores, so the structure will become strong and integral.

Issue price

The cost of materials varies, depending on the manufacturer, raw quality and other factors. However, it can be roughly calculated.

So, the minimum retail price of a kilogram of resin is 800 rubles, the packer costs 50 rubles. (the larger the size, the more expensive). The protective tape will cost about 400 rubles. per roll (price depends on width and length). Thus, the minimum cost of injection technologies is 1250 rubles.

Conclusion

The choice of injection method is directly affected by how the structure is supposed to be operated, the causes of destruction. Only after analyzing all the nuances, you will be able to build the right tactics for solving the problem, choose the material and injection scheme.

Relatively new and enough effective method protection of building structures from the harmful effects of moisture is injection waterproofing. Injection is especially often used for the modernization of finished structures. This technology makes it possible to avoid major works to restore the facility, so many builders adopt it.

The injection method is based on the penetration of the waterproofing composition into all voids: cracks, crevices, joints and even pores. The hydrophobic material can be introduced both inside the insulated object and placed between the surface and the outer coating. Thus, a moisture-proof membrane is created between the structure and the external environment. In addition, depending on the selected hydrophobic material, the insulating layer can perform not only a moisture-proof function, but also act as a reinforcing frame, thereby strengthening the structure.

The introduction of a hydrophobic material inside the structure prevents its destruction

Application area

Injection makes it possible to waterproof almost any object built on the basis of concrete, stone or brick. This technology is most applicable in such cases:

insulation of "cold" joints in concrete or reinforced concrete structures;
filling of cracks, cavities and capillaries in building objects;
injection of concrete, brick and stone to restore the bearing strength of the structure;
repair expansion joints;
arrangement of internal waterproofing to eliminate capillary suction;
insulation of grounded building objects.

A similar method of waterproofing is used in the process of construction or repair of such complex structures as subway tunnels, underground parking lots, swimming pools, water parks, storage facilities. drinking water, central sewer systems, basements, etc.

A feature of injection moisture insulation is the use of additional equipment

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of the technology of injection of concrete and other materials include the following points:

the ability to perform the process in any climatic conditions;
saving labor and time costs;
creation of a monolithic waterproofing layer without seams and joints;
liquidation of emergency leaks in conditions high pressure incoming water;
increase in the bearing strength of the foundation and walls;
safe contact with drinking water.

Minuses injection waterproofing:

high cost of materials and equipment;
the need for precise implementation of technology.

It's important to understand. Self-injection of cracks or hollow structures without appropriate knowledge and experience can lead to irreparable consequences, the elimination of which will require significant financial costs. Therefore, it is better to entrust such work to professionals.

Location of packers when filling a fracture

injection technology

The injection method of waterproofing is technologically not too complicated, however, it requires strict adherence to the rules at all stages of work. There are two ways to inject building structures. In the first case, all cracks, seams and internal voids are filled with hydrophobic material. The second option involves applying a waterproofing layer between the outer surface and the ground, without removing the latter.

Stages of work

At the preparatory stage, all defects are studied and the surface is prepared for the introduction of the solution.
Holes are drilled in the prepared base using a pobedit drill, designed to accommodate special elements - packers (injectors). Packers are usually staggered at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other. For internal filling, holes are drilled in two thirds of the wall, at an angle of 45 ° to the base. For external waterproofing, the holes are made horizontal and through.
Injectors are inserted into prepared places, where a solution is pumped using special equipment.
After the introduction of the injection mixture, the packers are removed.
After waiting for the solution to dry completely, its excess is removed, and the injection sites are sealed with a repair compound.
Before application decorative finishes the surface is opened with a special sealing mixture, which allows you to create an additional waterproofing layer.

Advice. Injection of vertical cracks must be carried out from the bottom up, and horizontal cracks - from the center to the edges.

After hardening, acrylates form an elastic mass.

Applicable materials

The quality and composition of the material is of decisive importance. The reliability of the hydrophobic membrane and durability largely depend on this. general design. In this case, the choice should be made taking into account the characteristics of the object and operating conditions, for which different versions of mixtures for injection are produced.

microcement compounds. Mixtures, which consist of cement, polymers and heat-resistant components, easily penetrate into the structure of the treated structure, filling all voids, including microcracks and capillaries. As a rule, such compositions are used for concrete objects of complex shape.
Polymers. These materials are today one of the most popular for injection of cracks in concrete. A feature of polymer-based compositions is to increase their volume during the solidification process, which results in reliable sealing of the building object.
Epoxy resins. The use of such a filler must be accompanied by a complete absence of moisture during hardening. But after crystallization, the epoxy resin creates a durable waterproof barrier, which also protects the structure from mechanical damage.
Acrylate gels. Mixtures based on acrylic acid are able to polymerize in the presence of moisture, which makes them quite convenient to use. Also, the advantages of acrylates include the ability to control the setting time. This feature allows you to quickly eliminate gusts in hydraulic structures.

Mixtures for injection work

Injection of various structures

Injection-based waterproofing is a versatile method that eliminates defects and strengthens many structures. This technology is especially indispensable during repair and waterproofing works after the construction of the object.

concrete structures

Injection of concrete is the restoration of its operational properties and the provision of complete water tightness. Of course, with poor quality concrete and significant corrosion of the reinforcement, it is better to remove part of the structure and restore it with an epoxy or cement-sand mortar. If there are small defects or it is necessary to waterproof the object, then the injection method is the best solution.

Important. Highest value It has right choice formulation of the mixture, which must have the necessary viscosity, minimum shrinkage and the ability to work in a wide temperature range.

Concrete injection

For foundations the best option microcement compositions are considered to isolate the outer surface from the ground and protect the structure from capillary moisture. For walls, acrylates or epoxy resins are more suitable, which can be used both at the construction stage and during repair and restoration work.

Brickwork

Traditional renovation of an outdated brickwork involves the demolition of the old and the construction of a new wall. This method is reliable, but very expensive. In addition, it is not always possible to implement it when it comes to an operated building. Modern technology injection of cracks in masonry allows you to solve this problem much faster and easier.

When the brick is stratified and cracks appear, the overall integrity of the structure is violated, which can lead to its complete destruction. In this case, reinforcement is made by sealing cracks with microcement.

For complete waterproofing of the wall, you can create a so-called anti-filtration curtain. This technology involves pumping a hydrophobic composition behind the brickwork shell in the absence of access from the outside. It is very expensive financially, but it provides absolute protection of the structure from moisture.

Strengthening brickwork by injection

In theory, the injection method is quite simple. However, in practice, as a rule, there are many nuances associated with the choice of material, the purchase of expensive equipment and adherence to technology. Therefore, in order to avoid unnecessary problems and perform high-quality waterproofing, it is better to entrust this work to specialists.

(technology to eliminate leaks from the inside)

Inexpensive! Guarantee! Licenses!

Concrete injection: the essence of the technology, what goals does it pursue?

It is authentically known that mankind was engaged in the manufacture of large-scale, grandiose and very complex engineering structures made of concrete back in the days of ancient rome. And according to indirect data, they mastered this technology more than 9,000 thousand years ago. Since then, building science has stepped disproportionately far forward, everything has changed in a row - from design methods to the composition of concrete components. Structures made of it have become stronger, more durable, and more comfortable, but they still contain defects and crack over time.

Centuries-old experience shows that it is impossible to cast an ideal, invulnerable concrete structure a priori. And attempts to achieve perfection turn into costs that are incommensurable with those that a rational owner will incur by investing in timely repairs and modernization of the structure. The modern approach to concrete injection consists in the development and implementation of damage compensation methods, strengthening the protective, insulating properties of the material. First of all, due to the injection of bonding and hydroactive components into the concrete composition.

Injection of masonry, which is also the introduction of a substance under pressure, allows you to deliver the required components directly to the problem area. Without destruction of the outer layer of the structure, without complex dismantling, without affecting other elements of the structure. Pointwise, accurately, dosed introducing into the structure of concrete those substances that are in demand in this specific case. An undeniable, unambiguous advantage of innovative injection over traditional repair methods is the lack of time and money spent on capital work. It is possible to restore the integrity of the structure, its insulating layer, in fact, at any stage of operation of the desired object.

Primary task of concrete injection- creation of waterproofing of buildings, the value of which is extremely problematic to overestimate when erecting structures in the conditions of the domestic unkind climate. Injection, without exaggeration, allows you to solve a lot of problems, including the consequences of miscalculations made in the design of the structure, builders' mistakes, circumstances from the "force majeure" category. The introduction of active mixtures deep into the concrete eliminates the problem of its freezing, the treatment of the outer surfaces forms a waterproof protective shell. As a result, all potential paths through which moisture penetrates into structures are blocked.

The second most important factor is the ability to strengthen concrete structures that have already been built, but have internal defects. The injected mixture injected under pressure perfectly fills both voids and cracks in concrete, neutralizes the consequences of delamination, clogs holes that were formed during inaccurate processing of the material. This is not about a passive filler - the composition includes substances with excellent adhesion indicators, which reliably adhere the damaged surfaces of the repaired areas into a single whole.

sealing the entry of communications

masonry injection

crack injection reinforced concrete structures

injection of masonry or brickwork

How concrete is injected

The work is carried out in several stages, during each a separate task is solved, but they are all part of a single set of measures. Violations of the order, skipping technological processes are unacceptable - any deviation promises a decrease in the performance of the final design. And it increases the risk of the need for a second, possibly larger intervention.

The first stage is the selection of components for the composition that will be injected into a specific structure, plus preparatory work. The higher the concrete strength class, the more elastic the material can be used and vice versa. The boundary indicator is the B-20 marker and everything below, in such cases it is recommended to include cement-based substances in the mixture. The same is true in the presence of intensive water inflow. But if there is little moisture, and the strength class of concrete is high, it is advisable to limit yourself to epoxy resins.

Then comes the turn of preparatory work - specialists inspect the object being repaired, identify the location of defective sections, calculate the number and coordinates of the holes to be drilled. They are located in a heap, no further than 25 cm from each other, in a checkerboard pattern; If the task is set to create anti-filtration protection, much more holes are required, over the entire area of the treated surface, and each of them is through. This is necessary for the delivery of the insulating composition to the opposite side of the structure, located directly in the zone of exposure to an aggressive environment.

When the holes are ready, packers are installed in them, they are also injectors - the very mechanisms that pump the selected composition into the thickness of the concrete structure. Depending on the goal, it spreads in a thin layer between the wall and the ground from the back side. Or it fills cavities, crevices and other types of hollow formations in the massif of the structure. Having introduced a measured volume of the solution, it remains to wait until it dries and start dismantling the equipment.

The final stage is devoted to finishing work - it is necessary to get rid of excess mortar, close up the mouths of the holes for the packers with a special repair mixture, and eliminate possible surface defects. She in without fail sealed with a special composition and only after that it is allowed to apply a decorative finish. This is the guarantee of the reliability of the repair - even hiding the visual traces of impact on the concrete structure, we remain confident in the quality of the work performed.

What materials are used when injecting concrete to eliminate leaks

The choice is determined by the task, it can be substances from the segment of polyurethane resins, acrylate gel, organosilicon mixtures, components based on epoxy resins, microcement additives, etc. The ultimate goal, as a rule, is always the same - to form a durable, hermetic, homogeneous unit from the original unreliable design. Depending on the initial conditions, there are several priority areas for use various types building materials for injection.

Resins, polyurethane and epoxy

They have two strengths, excellent compatibility with composite materials and convenience when gluing extended cracks. This is the reason for the scope of these compositions - they are resorted to if it is necessary to fill a large number of damaged areas, to protect cut-offs in concrete from moisture access. Including the use of compensating additives, while the resins act as the main, carrier substance that delivers the active components directly to the contact point.

Cement based mixtures

Designed to compensate for flaws in the construction of basic concrete structures - they are used to fasten individual structural elements. They have proven themselves well as a means of counteracting the effects of shrinkage, and have found application in concreting areas with difficult terrain, even after the completion of the main front of work.

Silicone fluids

The high fluidity of this material is a guarantee of penetration into remote areas, rapid filling of vast cavities, the ability to easily get rid of relatively large air or even water-filled cavities. The presence of silicon in the composition of the liquid determines the strength of the final connection, and excellent adhesion indicators ensure that the “cork” becomes one with the main body of the structure. And at the same time, it will automatically clog potential moisture penetration channels, providing the desired waterproofing.

Polymers

This category of substances, due to its versatility, is used much more widely than others in construction in general and in the repair of waterproofing by injection in particular. The advantage of polymer compositions is the ability to increase in volume upon contact with moisture. The latter simply does not have a chance to seep through such protection, as a result of which the water resistance of the entire structure reaches optimal values. And in combination with the materials described above, the required level of its strength and durability is provided.

Useful information about concrete injection

The procedure for repairing different types of damage varies. This is due to the desire to minimize the time and money spent on work - vertical cracks are much more convenient to seal, moving from the bottom up. And horizontal tend to fill, injecting the composition from the center of the crack to its edges, or all the time moving in one direction, from wall to wall.

Polyurethane foam is replete with microscopic voids, due to which it retains a certain flexibility and susceptibility to impact even after hardening. Based on this property, a combined type of insulating composition has been developed - drops of epoxy resins are deposited on the cellular structure formed by polyurethane. This substance is fluid enough to penetrate deep into the foam, so if you inject a polyurethane compound into a conditional crack, and then resin, you get the strongest “cork”. It is not subject to the effects of shrinkage of the concrete structure and does not lose its waterproofing properties even with significant deformation of the base.

The cost of the injection of concrete structures

If you are interested in injection of cracks in a brick insert or injection of concrete - do not waste time on frank guessing and conflicting calculations - contact our specialists. Their task is to coordinate the details, quickly travel to the place of work, a comprehensive assessment of the object. Based on its results, a detailed estimate will be drawn up, a way to solve a specific problem will be found, and a schedule for its implementation will be determined. If you need to repair a leak, we suggest using concrete injection technology for this.

The method used to repair and restore damaged, slightly cracked reinforced concrete or concrete structures is called injection. It is necessary, because through these cracks, porous masonry is saturated with moisture, begins to rust and eventually lose strength, because many of them were built back in the 70s. Injection is used to repair and strengthen the outer areas of basements exposed to moisture and melting ice, to waterproof and dehydrate surfaces.

In the presence of large cracks in reinforced concrete structures, the injection method provides a good repair. But it is very often difficult to determine what will give the best end result - this method or the technology used to remove the old concrete and restore it with the help of special solutions. If the concrete is of excellent quality and there is no rust, and the defect arose as a result of a crack, then there is no better way to injection.

Based on our experience and constant monitoring of new technical information, we have developed a number of technologies and solutions that help to effectively and quickly solve a significant range of problems to eliminate various defects in stone and concrete structures. First of all, this concerns the questions:

elimination of direct moisture filtration and active leaks,
horizontal cut-off waterproofing devices,
devices for impervious curtains, etc.

Another area of application of injection technologies is the strengthening of structural elements.

According to the principles of action and chemical composition the following materials can be distinguished:

Hydroactive (foaming) substances based on isocyanates

Materials with adjustable foaming rate, designed for fast temporary sealing of flooded cracks, voids, direct seepage zones. Their distinctive feature is a relatively high elasticity, which determines the main areas of application - zones, seams and cracks with dynamic and vibration effects. Materials do not change in volume after curing in the structure. They are used for sealing dry, wet and flooded defects in stone and concrete structures, as well as for their hardening.

Epoxy injection resins

Thanks to its low viscosity, it fills hairline cracks and small pores especially effectively. They can be used for strengthening structures and for fixing anchor joints in concrete.

Injection materials based on silicates

They are used for sealing finely porous structures, hairline cracks, creating horizontal cut-off waterproofing and impervious curtains. They can be used both independently and sequentially in combination with other similar systems.

Injectable microcements

Usually applied:

in underground projects (tunnels, sewer systems)
during construction (dams, bridges, viaducts)
for special bases

injection technology

The main operation of the method is the introduction of resin of the corresponding formulation. Today, epoxy, polyester resins and their mixtures are widely used. They have acceptable viscosity, ductility, the ability to inject cracks in concrete at sufficiently high temperatures, low elasticity, and adhesion to a moistened composition. The last parameter is very important. A large number of defects in reinforced concrete structures are obtained from displacement and shear, and resins with a high elasticity coefficient can also lead to the appearance of new cracks near the repaired.

Main stages of crack injection

Preparation of detected defects– determination of the position of sealing and injection points, sealing holes and removing protective tape, finishing. Crack preparation is the removal of old material from the surface and their further cleaning. Those that have a width of 0.5 mm do not clean.
Resin injection into a crack is a relatively new way. This method is professionally carried out by specialized companies. Repair organizations develop their own methods of repair. Some use the simplest injection - supplying resin with a construction gun. Other firms like more sophisticated methods. For example, the supply of fresh resin and hardener through different tubes. Companies also supplement the resin supply with a vacuum shield to remove moisture from the concrete.

When following the rules of the work, the main principle is simplicity: the simpler the equipment used, as well as the method of application, the better. The percentage of resin penetration in the method of injection of cracks in concrete is checked by ultrasound, as well as by sampling. Although ultrasound is a rather unusual method of control.

An important factor in the repair of reinforced concrete structures is the distribution of resin and its filling of irregularities. It has also been noted that the resulting pressure drop is effective method for a more uniform penetration of the prepared solution than an increase. You also need to know that the amount of resin should be minimal.

The elimination of vertical and inclined defects with resin or a special solution starts from the lowest point, carrying out repairs from the bottom up. The injection pressure depends on the viscosity of the resin and the size of the crack. Ideally, it is 1 atmosphere.

For cracks that run horizontally, there is no strict repair procedure. Work can be started both from one end to the other, and from the middle, moving to one and then to the other side.

The final stage of work is the removal of the tubes (if they were used during the repair) and sealing the holes. protective tape can be removed after curing the mortar or resin after two days or immediately after setting after a few hours.

Injection of cracks in concrete that are small in size should be carried out only when it is necessary to mask the repair. However, even with this event, you cannot completely hide it. Therefore, to remove traces of ongoing repairs, grinding and surface treatment are used.