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Sheds for giving with their own hands xs. Do-it-yourself canopy: how to quickly build a beautiful and reliable canopy from improvised materials. Choose the type of canopy

To answer the question of how to build a canopy in the country with your own hands, photos containing a step-by-step and detailed description all actions. A canopy on the site is not a necessary structure, but its presence provides a comfortable pastime in the country. It protects not only from the sun, but also from precipitation. To build such a building is not at all difficult, but this work should be approached with all seriousness.

Canopy options

There are a lot of design options for awnings. This is confirmed by the photos of these structures. All hinged structures are divided into two varieties, depending on where they are located. Consider them:

adjacent to the house;

standing separately.

Canopies, which are carried out as an extension of the main building, are located close to it. Most often, such visors are joined to the front wall of the house (facade). However, there are also designs located on the side or behind. For the installation of canopies adjacent to the house are used different materials. Most often, the canopy is built combined. This means that different types of materials are used for its construction.

Independent structures located separately from the house have a different functional purpose. They function as a gazebo for relaxation. It is also possible that a canopy is built to protect the car from precipitation.

Separately, it is worth mentioning the roof of the canopies. If everything is more or less clear with the frame, then there are a huge variety of roofing varieties. And this applies not only to the type of structure, but also to the material from which it is made. The roof of the canopy can be straight or located at a certain angle. Another important parameter is the number of slopes. The roof can be built from metal, wood, polycarbonate, covered with fabric material, etc.

Training

Before starting the construction of a wood canopy, you need to decide where it will be located. It is not difficult to choose a place on the site for such a structure if the territory has a sufficient amount of free space. For small areas, experts advise choosing a drawing of a small-sized canopy. For the construction of such a structure, wooden beams and boards are used.

Important! Support legs are the basis of the design, so it is recommended to choose for them bars made of durable wood. Most affordable option are pine beams.

For the construction of the roof, you can purchase metal tiles, which have an attractive cost. The classic version of a wooden roof is also quite popular and takes into account the use of edged boards. It is also important to prepare in advance all the necessary lumber that will be required to build a traditional or unique canopy in a country house made of wood. Consider what tools you need to make a standard gazebo:

yardstick;
building level;
shovel (bayonet);
screwdriver;
jigsaw;
electric drill;
axe;
a hammer;
saw.

To fasten individual wooden elements, metal corners and self-tapping screws (for wood) are used. For the installation of supports, it is also necessary to prepare crushed stone and cement mortar in advance.

Step by step instructions: frame assembly

All work on the construction of a canopy on the site on which the cottage is located is carried out in stages in accordance with the project. In the design drawing, the dimensions of individual elements must be indicated.

Consider step by step the process of building such a frame structure. The first stage of construction is the marking of the territory and marking the corners of the future canopy. Next, you need to clean up the place chosen for the canopy. To do this, the top layer of soil is removed. The soil will need to be leveled.

The next step is the organization of holes for the support beams. The diameter of the holes should be in the range from 35 to 60 cm. The depth of the holes is selected depending on the dimensions of the structure. The standard indicator is 55 cm.

Next, you will need to install the pine beams in the recesses and align them using the building level. Then the holes are covered with rubble and filled with cement. Before proceeding to the next step, you must wait for the solution to dry completely.

The next step involves the installation of a frame structure. Work begins with fixing horizontal wooden beams connecting the support beams. The upper part of the frame of the gazebo is tied with transverse beams.

Roof construction

After the installation of the strapping, you can proceed to the construction of the roof. Let's take as an example the installation of a shed roof, which is easiest to do with your own hands.

First, it is necessary to fix the beams to the upper parts of the supporting pillars. Next, the rafters are installed. These elements have a step. It is desirable that the distance between them is 1 m. For rafters, as a rule, beams made of wood are used, the dimensions of which are 150 by 50 mm. To answer the question of how to build a canopy in the country allow photos that demonstrate the work in stages.

Docking of rafters is carried out by means of metal corners, as well as self-tapping screws. At the next stage, it is necessary to dock the rails, which are part of the crate, with the rafters. Reiki are fixed strictly perpendicular. The distance between them can be different - from 0.5 to 1 m. The final stage involves the installation of roofing material.

fine finish

The finishing stage includes the installation of the floor and the decoration of the gazebo. A canopy made of wood may not have a floor. The need for this coating is determined by the functional purpose of the structure. For example, if a wooden shed was built as a car park, then a tiled floor would be desirable. If the gazebo was made exclusively for recreation, then you can leave everything as it is.

Note!If the floor is made of wooden material, then you can not place a barbecue on it without additional protection. In the place where the source of fire is located, you can lay a tile or put a metal sheet and fix it with self-tapping screws.

A quick way to organize the floor is to fill the perimeter with concrete mortar. Also, the floor can be made from edged boards. The gazebo can be decorated with artificial plants. Also a necessary point is the wiring of electricity. In this case, the canopy can be decorated with several lamps.

As we can see, there are many important nuances in the self-construction of a canopy, but doing this work is not so difficult. It is desirable that the canopy fit the overall decor suburban area and harmonized with the main building. To build a canopy in the country with your own hands, it is definitely recommended to study the relevant videos, as well as photos of structures at different stages of construction.

Write to us in the comments:

And what tricks of building a canopy in the country with your own hands do you know?

The owners of country houses try to make their stay as comfortable as possible. To this end, the sites are gradually built up with various outbuildings and other structures. Canopies occupy a special position among them because of the versatility of their use.

Canopies made of wood can perform several different functions, depending on the needs of the owners of the site.

They serve as a covered area for cars. The carport can stand alone or next to the main building or outbuilding. During the construction of such a structure, it is possible to provide for subsequent wall cladding - then the canopy will turn into a full-fledged garage.
Used as an open veranda. The canopy is attached to an existing house, the floor is made of boards or tiles. Such canopies have many different decorative elements and serve as decoration for the facade of the house. In addition, they are used for outdoor recreation.
Used to create a pergola. Sheds that are simple in design can become a real highlight of the landscape of the site.
Protect barbecues, pools and other buildings from the negative effects of natural precipitation. The dimensions of the canopies range from a few meters to several tens of meters.

No two buildings are completely identical, both in terms of architectural design and in terms of their use. If only professional specialists are allowed to design residential buildings, then anyone with minimal experience in construction work can create canopies. Due to this approach, there are a huge number of options for canopies, and every year this number increases.

General requirements for structures

Regardless of the type and purpose of the canopy, all structures are extended General requirements. Their observance guarantees the durability and reliability of the structure.

All wooden materials it is strongly recommended to impregnate with effective antiseptics. Lumber is exploited in the open air, and the tree reacts negatively to such conditions. Due to impregnation, it is possible to increase the time of use of canopies by at least five years. Wood is better to use coniferous species, as they have in their composition a natural resin that protects against decay processes.
Fixing the battens and roofing should be as strong as possible. This requirement is explained by the fact that the open roof is strongly undermined by gusts of wind, the unreliable truss system loosens over time. As a result, the roof loses its tightness, and critical mechanical damage may occur.
Preference should be given to a flat shed roof, since it is rather difficult to install gable roofs on sheds. Such requirements limit the size of structures. In some cases, it is necessary to install additional vertical stops in the operating area of the canopy.
The slope of the roof must take into account not only the existing drainage scheme, but also the direction of the prevailing winds. This is an important condition for improving the safety of the operation of the canopy.

And the last mandatory requirement is that during the production of work it is necessary to strictly observe the building codes and rules developed for the construction of wooden structures.

Bar prices

Construction stages

Construction work will be much cheaper, and the canopy will be delivered faster if all actions are thought out and calculated. consists of several stages, and professionals recommend in without fail fulfill them.

Table. The sequence of stages in the construction of a canopy.

Construction phase	Description and recommendations
	You need to start with the choice of a construction site, which directly depends on the purpose of the canopy. If it is automobile, then there should be access roads to it, for the rest, pedestrian paths are thought out. After that, you should draw a sketch of the future structure indicating overall dimensions. If you have skills, it is very desirable to make working drawings of all structural elements, pay special attention to loaded ones.
	The amount of lumber is directly dependent on the size of the structure. Immediately you need to choose the size of the boards and bars. At the same time, try to stick to the golden mean - and have a margin of safety, and save cubic capacity, so as not to artificially increase the estimated cost of the canopy.
	All performance characteristics of the structure depend on the strength of the frame. There are rules for creating architectural structures, they must be followed. Timber must be impregnated with antiseptics.
	The type of roofing is selected in advance, a certain crate is constructed under them. The canopy is not considered a solid structure, therefore it is not recommended to cover it with heavy roofing materials.

The dimensions of the structure are determined by each developer individually, but to make it easier, you can use the advice of architects.

In any case, the height of the canopy cannot be less than two meters. If you make it lower, then the person instinctively bows his head at the entrance, and this creates great inconvenience and indicates the lack of experience of the builders.

Prices for building boards

Building boards

Step-by-step instruction

For example, consider one of the most complex canopy options with. The canopy frame is made of glued laminated timber 200 × 200 mm, vertical supports are buried in the ground to a depth of 100 cm, placed on a pillow of gravel and sand, and then filled with concrete. All sections of the beam in concrete are impregnated with modern modified bituminous mastic. Before pouring, the supports were set strictly in a vertical position.

Shed racks are often concreted in the ground, to protect against decay, the lower sections are treated with bituminous mastics, additionally protected with roofing material and other waterproofing materials. This technology increases the service life of canopies, but creates problems when it becomes necessary to perform repair work or completely dismantle the structure.

Experienced builders strongly recommend placing supports on the channel. The rolled products are concreted to a depth of 50 cm, pieces 40–50 cm high are left above the ground. The distance between the shelves should be 0.5–1.0 cm larger than the dimensions of the bars. Three holes Ø 14–16 mm are drilled in the channels. Next, bars are inserted between the channels, holes are also drilled into them and the elements are tightened with bolts. This design completely eliminates the processes of decay. In addition, the canopy is mobile, it can be disassembled and moved to another place.

Instead of channels, you can use special mortgages for anchors. They have U-shape, and a long bar is welded at the bottom. The bar is concreted, the upper part is located at ground level. The beam is also fastened with bolts; for this, technological holes are provided on the shelves.

Prices for different types of cement

Preparatory work

Step 1. Install a strapping belt made of bars on the supports. The fastening of the elements must be very strong - the canopy has a gable roof, and it requires a stable structure. Do the work slowly, do not swing the vertical supports. If there is a danger of violating their stability, then all elements can be temporarily connected with each other.

Step 2 Soak the boards with antiseptics. Treat them with a roller, the surfaces of the lumber must be dry and clean. To avoid gaps, it is strongly recommended that the impregnation be performed twice. Pay great attention to the ends, because of the structural features of the wood, it is in these places that moisture is most absorbed and penetrates quite deeply into the boards.

Step 3 Start assembling truss trusses. They are made of boards 200 × 45 mm, the standard length is 6 m. The trusses are assembled according to a template, the individual elements are fixed together with self-tapping screws and special bolts. The design of the trusses is the simplest, each consists of two rafter legs, a vertical rack, two braces and an extension.

Fold the finished structures on a large flat area. Make sure all farms are the same size.

Step 4 To increase the strength of fastening the stretch marks, they must be additionally fixed to the rafter legs and the vertical stand with bolts. This is done in this sequence.

Important. All fresh cuts of lumber must be impregnated with an antiseptic. It should always be at hand.

Impregnation for wood "Biotex Universal"

Each truss has two extensions. When the roof trusses are ready, you can continue to assemble the canopy frame.

Frame assembly

If the garage shed has paving stones, then it is advisable to install it before assembling the frame - it is much easier for builders to work on a clean floor.

Step 1. Attach the horizontal beams to the vertical supports with bolts. They must be screwed into specially drilled holes. Tighten very tightly, the connection must withstand significant lateral forces. To increase the strength, you can additionally connect them with metal staples from building reinforcement Ø 6–8 mm.

Step 2 Saw down the rafter legs to install the finished trusses on the canopy. Take measurements and make cuts in the first truss, it is better to work with a portable electric circular saw.

Practical advice. Make farms as accurate as possible, they must be exactly the same. If you meet this requirement, then the rafter legs can also be washed down under the template.

This makes it much easier and faster construction works, there is no need to waste time taking measurements for each farm.

Step 3 Install the structure in place, temporarily fix it with various supports. The farm must be stable, in the future the props are dismantled. Fasten the truss to the beams using metal corners 50 × 50 mm with a thickness of at least one millimeter.

Step 4 In the same way, put the last truss of the canopy, pull the rope between them and install all the remaining elements along it.

Farms temporarily fasten together with pieces of boards, slats and other improvised lumber.

Practical advice. The difference in height between the extreme farms should not exceed two centimeters. If you have a larger spread, then you will have to align the structure. It is quite long and complicated, it is much easier not to make mistakes than to correct them later.

Roof installation

For a canopy, bituminous tiles are used as a roof covering. It is installed on a continuous crate made of OSB board 12 mm thick. As a lining waterproofing barrier, a modern non-woven material with bituminous impregnation is used.

The base is solid, the plate is attached to the rafter legs with ordinary nails or self-tapping screws. The installation technology of flexible tiles is standard. The final stage in the arrangement of the canopy is the installation of a drainage system.

Prices for shingles

bituminous tiles

Video - Do-it-yourself canopy made of wood

It is easy to work with a tree, and even a novice master can build a small canopy from timber and boards. But wooden structures in terms of service life they are noticeably inferior to metal ones, and if you need a durable and strong canopy, then you should prefer a construction made of profile pipes. How to assemble it, and what you need for this, you can read

With the help of awnings, you can protect your house from rain, snow and sun, expand your living space, shelter a car or other equipment from rain. With many functions that this extension performs, building a canopy with your own hands is more than a doable task even for a beginner!

Canopy structures - from extension to construction!

Canopy is a common name for very a large number various outbuildings and independent buildings. The designs of canopies are very different - single-sided and double-sided, straight and multifaceted. And the classification according to the location of the structures is even more:

attached canopies are erected close to the wall of a house or other building, above the entrance or above an open balcony, veranda. Such structures are easy to perform after the construction of the house; initially they are not included in the building plan;
built-in structures are part of the architectural ensemble, they are provided at the design stage of the building. Such canopies are most often built over a barbecue area, making it, as it were, an extension of the house;
free-standing canopies are erected away from buildings. Most often, these are built for lack of a garage, or for short-term storage of any materials. Free-standing structures are also popular in wide open areas, where they are equipped for people to relax, as an alternative to gazebos.

A variety of materials are used for canopies, as to create the most load-bearing structure as well as for the roof. Traditionally, this is wood, polycarbonate, corrugated board, metal profile, reed. “Live” canopies look very original, the roof of which is completely overgrown with lianas, for example, girlish grapes. The easiest way to do it, the bars can also be replaced with metal pipes.

Building a canopy with your own hands - where to start?

Consider the option of erecting a free-standing canopy with your own hands, without the involvement of specialists and assistants. To implement a 6 * 3 m canopy project, at the first stage you will need:

six profile pipes 100*100*4000 mm;
13 boards 50*150*6000 mm;
15 boards 30*150*6000 mm;
2-3 bags of cement;
0.2 m 3 crushed stone;
0.2 m 3 sand;
Bulgarian;
concrete mixer or container for manual mixing of concrete.

Try to make a purchase immediately before starting work, since for convenience it is best to store all materials directly at the construction site. After the purchase, we make markings for the supports, we need to create a rectangle, the sides of which are 3 and 6 m. On the six-meter sides, we will place three supports, for which we need to dig holes, making them deeper than the soil freezing layer.

The upper ends of the supports must first be prepared for attaching the beams. This is not difficult to do, but you will need a grinder. We cut the ends at the corners by 100 mm with the tool and bend two opposite sides inward, forming a place for landing the beam. In the standing sides, we make two holes for the bolts, with which the beams will be securely fixed.

In the prepared pits at the bottom, we pour a little rubble, install racks and fix them with stretch marks. We expose the turn of the profiles along a six-meter board, which must be attached to the two extreme racks. On the same board, you can set the middle support. To align the top ends of the posts, measure two meters from the top ends and make appropriate marks. Having pulled the twine between the extreme racks, using a liquid level, which must be applied to the horizontally stretched twine, we check the correct location of the supports.

When you're done with one side, move on to the next. You need to do everything according to the same algorithm, the only difference between the sides is in the different heights of the supports. One of the sides should be 30-50 cm higher for water flow. When the racks are installed and fixed, proceed to the preparation of the mortar - for 1 part of cement you need 3 parts of sand and 4 parts of crushed stone. The finished solution is poured into the pits with exposed supports. After letting it harden a little, you should fix the upper ends by placing the boards on the prepared places.

It is advisable to wait until the concrete has gained sufficient rigidity, this can take from two weeks to a month.

Do not forget to water it in hot weather, and if frost is approaching, cover the supports at the base with a good layer of soil. It is best to wait for the period necessary for complete solidification, but if necessary, you can proceed to the final stage in a few days.

How to make a canopy - proceed to the rafters and roofing!

When the concrete has hardened properly, it's time to start rafters and roofing. You will need materials and tools such as:

metal tile or polycarbonate or other type of roof - 18 m 2;
self-tapping screws for metal tiles (160 pcs) or fasteners for a different type of roof;
0.5 kg of nails (120 mm);
10 bolts with nuts (diameter - 10 mm, length - 150 mm);
fasteners for gutters (20 pcs);
drain gutters - 6 meters.

How to make a canopy - step by step diagram

Step 1: Installing Beams Between Uprights

A bar can be installed as beams, but after some time longitudinal cracks may appear in it, which worsens the rigidity of this material. Therefore, it is recommended to use two boards 50 * 150 * 6000 mm, which are bolted together.

Step 2: Installing the rafters and battens

On beams at a distance of 75 cm from each other, transverse boards are fixed with an edge. Across these boards along the edges and in the middle we lay boards with a smaller section, for the stability of the vertical position. The boards should be fixed to the beams with ordinary nails, since self-tapping screws break from vibration, because they are subjected to heat during production. After fixing the boards, we install the remaining "thirty", to which we will then screw the metal tile. The distance between the boards must be equal to or less than the width of the wave of the roofing material.

Step 3: Roofing

When installing a metal tile, you first need to fix bottom sheets and then top. If there are surpluses, it is better to cut them off with a grinder or metal shears. For there are special fasteners.

Step 4: Weir

When the roof is ready, it's time to start installing the drain gutters. We measure the desired length, cut off the excess with a grinder, and, distributing evenly along the entire length of the canopy, fasten them with self-tapping screws. When all the fasteners are installed, it's time to lay the gutters in them. You can study the same scheme before making a canopy over the garage - this task will differ only in the absence of two racks, which will be replaced by the garage wall. Under such a visor, not only a person, but also a car can easily hide from rain or other precipitation.

Important nuances - what should not be forgotten!

You already know how to make a canopy, it remains to figure out how to extend its life. To do this, treat both metal and wooden elements with protective compounds before installation. In the case of metal pipes, these are anti-corrosion primers, and it is important to treat wooden elements with anti-fungal and water-repellent primers. They are both colorless and tinted, therefore, in addition to the protective function, they will also give the canopy an external appeal.

Having made a canopy, do not forget to pay attention to the floor. There are many options - from a concrete screed to a cushion of gravel or crushed stone. If a canopy is built at the house, then the best option there will be wood flooring. Several outlets and good lighting will not interfere under the canopy. In order not to spend money on extra building materials, plant climbing plants around the canopy, for example, parthenocissus, which can curl a huge area in one season. This is both beautiful and practical, because thanks to the vines you will get good protection from the wind.

You are the owner of your own country house and it doesn't matter if you live in it all year round or seasonally. Everyone is trying to create a comfortable on the plot. To do this, different styles of architecture can be used. An excellent solution is the installation of awnings. They give the house and the site beauty, perform many additional functions. Everyone can make a canopy with their own hands to the house quickly and cheaply. It's simple. It is enough to study our recommendations and you will become the owner of a canopy that will give the house a unique personality.

Before proceeding directly to the construction itself, you should choose what type of canopy will be built. They are divided according to the type of roof:

Straight roof. They are built to protect vehicles from rain or snow.
The sloping roof is represented by single-pitched and gable types. It also performs protective functions.
Shaped roof structure. This is a decoration of the house and the site.

Also divided by type of construction:

on supporting structures. This type is widely used. The space under it can be used as a parking lot for vehicles, a place for summer holidays or for storing household equipment and inventory.
Console. It is a visor that can be located around the perimeter of the house. In width, it should not exceed 2 meters. The cantilever structure is firmly attached to the wall of the house, protects windows and doors from the effects of negative weather factors.

Construction materials

To choose the most correct building material for installation, pay attention to general form the site itself. That is, it should emphasize the advantage of your home, become an addition to the overall landscape design. Now they take into account the material side of construction, that is, the amount of finance that they are ready to spend on construction.

Materials for the frame, supports

For the construction of these structural elements, different building materials can be used. Mainly:

Metal. This material does not require special skills in construction. Usually, these are pipes made of metal, and its elements are fastened to each other by welding or rivets. The radius of the pipes for the supporting structure should, on average, be no more than 5 centimeters, and the thickness of the metal should be at least 2.5 mm. It has many positive features. Such as:

metal has increased strength;
when using additional equipment, it is possible to give metal elements a different shape;
Moisture is not terrible for metal.

The negative characteristics include:

metal is a building material that is subject to corrosion;
if there are no skills in welding, then the cost of a specialist will be expensive;
additional treatment with a primer or paints and varnishes is required;

Reference!

Metal elements are perfectly combined with polycarbonate sheets or metal profiles.

Wood. It is one of the most convenient to handle building materials which are used in construction. The benefits of wood include:

low cost of the material;
practicality;
ease of processing.

For negatives:

with prolonged exposure to moisture, adverse weather conditions, it can rot;
should be protected from insects that can cause irreparable harm;
for a longer service life of the material, additional processing by special means is required.

Wooden structures look great visually with any finishing materials. In the construction of supports, it is customary to use a wooden beam with a diameter of 10 by 10 centimeters. It is best to strengthen them with railings.

Forged frames. They endow the structure with airiness, lightness and elegance. The elegance of the whole structure is emphasized by decorative details. The advantages of this material are durability and a sophisticated look, also note that forged supports can withstand a lot of weight. With all the pluses, there is a main minus - this is a high price.
From stone or brick. Basically, frames from these building materials are erected when it is necessary to emphasize the architecture of not only the house itself, but also all the buildings on the site.

The advantages of such structures are known to all. For example, brick, stone are durable building materials. They are not afraid of sudden changes in temperature and the negative impact of weather conditions. There are much fewer minuses than pluses - natural stone is expensive. To reduce the cost, you can cheat a little. To begin with, build a metal frame, and then cover it with natural stone.

Roof construction materials

Before you begin to mount the roof, it is worth determining what building material will be used. The roof can be built from:

Metal tiles.
Slate.
polycarbonate.
metal profile.
And other materials.

If it is used temporarily, then the frame can be covered with an awning fabric as a roofing material or plastic wrap can be dispensed with.

Choice of location, project

Before you start building, choose a place where it will look organic and perform the functions assigned to it.

How to correctly determine the location? Here the project that you can choose plays a huge role.

Built-in is a design that is planned at the stage of construction of the main house. It is part of the overall architecture.
Attached, that is, adjacent to the house. This type is additionally attached to the house. Also, its dismantling is fast.
Separate. It stands independently of other buildings on the site.

It is also worth taking into account that they are additionally divided into several more subtypes, which make it clear how mobile it can be.

static, that is, the design of such a canopy cannot be transferred to another place;
collapsible canopy is used for temporary use;
a sliding canopy is mainly installed as an addition to the house and, if necessary, is moved apart.

When choosing a project, building materials in construction, the external form is of great importance. It must be taken into account that there are materials that are not plastic. That is why it is impossible to create any form when using them.

In their form, they can be as follows:

Straight with single or double pitched roof.
Arched or domed.
Decorative complex look.

After the canopy project is selected, the area of \u200b\u200bthe structure is calculated. This is necessary in order to draw up an estimate for building materials that will be used in construction.

Important!

A prerequisite is the number of supports, but when choosing an attached view, they will be needed only on one side. Because the second side will rest on the wall of the house.

Since many owners of country houses, if they decide to build an extension, they prefer buildings that will be used for several years. To ensure that the structure does not deform and, ultimately, does not collapse, it is worth paying attention to:

Try to calculate the amount of precipitation in winter, as well as the total amount for 365 days.
The speed of winds that can have a destructive effect in sudden gusts.
The design and type of foundation used in the construction of the main house.
Are the walls to which the canopy structure will be attached reliable.

Now you need to draw a drawing. It should show the smallest details. It is necessary to scale the drawing in accordance with the actual indicators of the canopy in length and width. These data will give a clear picture of the amount of building material needed.

Canopy installation

All preparatory stages have been completed, construction materials have been purchased. Now you can proceed to the direct construction of the canopy. The main thing is to follow the sequence of actions and follow the instructions step by step.

Foundation construction

For the installation of a canopy, which is attached to the house, a foundation of two types is used:

concrete;
columnar.

It is best to use the same type of foundation that was used in the construction of the house. This is what will reduce the displacement and deformation of the canopy structural elements during operation.

First, you need to dig a hole no more than 35 centimeters deep. After filling it with gravel or gravel. On the surface, the bulk material is well compacted and leveled.

Since the electrical wires that will be used in the future in lighting the canopy are laid on a par with the fundamental foundation, this must be done now.

When choosing a columnar type of foundation, wells are drilled with a diameter of 15-20, and a depth of 50-55 centimeters. The soles of the wells are covered with sand. This is necessary to rid the foundation of the impact ground water. Wells are located at the corners of the canopy. It is in these places that the load on him is impressive. Pipes commensurate in diameter are placed in the wells and fixed with concrete. In order to save columnar foundation from early rusting of the pipe at the base, it is best to cover it with roofing material or a thick plastic film.

When erecting a concrete foundation, they dig a trench equal to the perimeter of the canopy. It should be at least 40-45 centimeters wide and about 55 centimeters deep. Sand is placed at the bottom - the layer thickness is at least 15 centimeters. Place gravel or fine gravel on it. After that, everything is poured with a mixture of concrete. The support is installed before the foundation is poured. This will provide greater structural strength.

Frame assembly

The frame of the building is directly attached to the finished foundation with the help of self-tapping screws and corners. When mounting a metal frame, the elements are welded together and fastened with metal screws.

Important!

The location of all parts of the canopy is checked using the building level.

The next step after installing the frame itself is the installation of the roof sheathing. Observe the drawings and the design of the canopy. If the roof should be a curved structure, then a transverse crossbar is additionally installed. It reinforces the load-bearing beams. The other side of the structure is attached to the wall of the house with a beam that is attached to it. You can bring it under the roof of the house or put additional support poles and mount the crate on them.

There are several types of fasteners:

By welding. The reinforcement to which the attachment takes place must be built into general design main house. The most reliable of all types of fastening.
With a bracket.
When installing support beams that are screwed to the wall of the house. Requires additional installation of supports near the facade.

Roof installation

It is easy to build a shed or gable curved roof. It should be located at a slight angle, which is equal to 50 degrees. There are a few more simple rules:

build a frame for the roof;
the type of fasteners depends on what building material is used in the decoration;
the roof, or rather its edges, must be larger than supporting structure;
when mounting the roof on the building material from which it will be built, markup is applied;
according to this markup, the future roof is cut;
do not forget in which direction the gutters on the roofing leaves are directed (they are directed from the top down);
the last thing they do is install a drain system.

Now consider the nuances of installing a roof, depending on the type of building material:

Metal profile or corrugated canopy. It is characterized by laying only on a flat roof surface. It is also forbidden to move on metal sheets. Cutting is carried out with a special tool - scissors. It is best to mount a canopy to a house from a metal profile from the bottom of the roof, overlapping. Fastening occurs due to self-tapping screws with seals. For one sq.m. roofing material requires 6-8 self-tapping screws. If there are external damage, then they must be painted over.
Polycarbonate sheets. This material is durable and lightweight. It's easy to work with him. There are three types of this building material:

monolithic;
cellular;
profiled.

The choice is made according to the following parameters:

sheet thickness should not be less than six millimeters;
only those sheets are suitable that are even in structure and without unnecessary inclusions;
make sure that the selected sheets are strong and elastic;
laying occurs with a protective layer outside.

For the construction of a canopy made of polycarbonate, a frame made of both wood and metal is suitable.

Metal tile. To install this type of roof requires special skills and tools. For example, such as a grinder or metal shears. Installation of this type of roof is carried out from top to bottom. Overlap.

Floor installation

Mounting floors refers to the arrangement. Here you can choose the floor covering that is considered optimal and worthy. Suitable for any finishing material from wood to porcelain tiles and paving slabs.

decoration

To decorate the design, you can choose any design concept. The main thing is that it emphasizes and combines with the general landscape design site and appearance main house.

For decoration can be used:

flowerpots with flowers;
planter;
wicker weaving;
forged items.

There is no limit to the manifestation of creative abilities. Create and embody the most daring ideas.

Properly planned land allow you to save space and make it unique. A canopy is a decoration of the facades of the main house. It emphasizes his individuality and respectability. If you approach its construction wisely, then you will have a comfortable place on the site for evening gatherings with family and friends, as well as a cozy place to relax in the fresh air. In the photo you will find many projects and decor elements for attached structures.

Having a shed next to the house is a very practical solution. It can be used as parking space, under its roof you can fry a barbecue in inclement weather or sit with a friendly company over a cup of tea.

The construction of a canopy with the right choice of materials does not require large financial expenses. This review will tell you how to build a good canopy, relying solely on your own strength.

To build a reliable and inexpensive design, it is necessary, first of all, to choose a quality material.

Canopy base materials

wooden structures

One of the simplest and most reliable options is to build a wooden canopy. Such a structure is easy to maintain, in addition, its construction does not require expensive construction equipment, such as a circular saw or welding equipment.

Edged beams are perfect as a material for supports, rafters can be made from edged boards, and the crate is easily assembled from both floors.

Almost anyone can afford to assemble such a canopy, and with the help of special solutions, the durability of the tree can be repeatedly increased, which will allow using the canopy for many years.

Metal constructions

Another popular material for making canopies is metal. The metal canopy differs from its predecessor in strength and durability.

It is easy to assemble such a canopy with minimal skills in working with a welding machine.

Only a radius profile can be attributed to complex parts, but this part with the necessary bend can be made according to your desire in any welding workshop.

Brick or stone structures

The construction of support pillars made of brick or stone allows you to give a stylish look to your canopy. In this case, the rafters can be both wooden and metal.

Such a canopy is reliable and strong, but it should be remembered that it will not be possible to quickly build it due to the nature of the building materials.

Constructions from asbestos-cement pipes

This material is characterized by wear resistance and long service life. In addition, the pipe is easily sawn with an ordinary hacksaw, if you lower the desired place into the water for two hours before cutting. For such a canopy, any rafters are suitable.

The choice of material for the roof

The next step is the choice of material for the roof itself. The most suitable materials for this will be discussed in detail below.

The most popular roofing material is polycarbonate. His specifications allow you to give the visor absolutely any shape;
In addition to polycarbonate, roofs are often made of corrugated board. This material differs from others in low cost, as well as simplicity and durability;
Roofing from metal tiles - will cost more than a similar one from corrugated board, but will give your canopy a stylish look;
In addition to all of the above, you can use bitumen as a material for roofing. However, it should be remembered that bitumen requires a continuous crate, therefore, it can only be used if it is done in the same style as the house.

The right choice of location as a means of saving on supports and roofing

There is an easy way to significantly save on the construction of a hinged structure, namely, to build a canopy close to the house. Technically, the question of how to build a canopy adjacent to the house is solved by installing two or three support pillars.

The number of posts is calculated based on the dimensions of the cross beam and the available building materials. For example, if a beam with a section of 75x75 mm is used, then the gap between the posts should be about a meter. In this case, you can do without the transverse beam, using the pillars themselves as a support.

In the case when the beam has a cross section of 150 cm or more, two corner posts are enough for support. Attached to them is a transverse bearing beam, and then rafters are attached to it. On the reverse side, the rafters are attached to support beam, which ahead of time is attached to the wall of the house.

For greater reliability, additional supports are installed under the beam.

In addition to the simplicity of the design of the canopy, which is built close to the house, the wind is not as terrible as the building standing apart.

If it is decided not to attach a canopy, it is necessary to calculate the direction of the air flow in advance, since the lower edge pitched roof should be located on the leeward side, which in turn can cause a number of inconveniences, in particular, if the canopy is used as a parking space.

erection gable roof can solve the problem with the wind, but it will require a more complex connection of the rafters.

We build a shed canopy

A shed canopy is a universal design, under which it is easy to stand both for tea parties and the iron horse of the owner of the house. To assemble such a canopy, you need to perform the following steps:

install support poles;
mount truss system;
install the roof
lay out paving slabs.

We install racks for the future canopy

Before installing the posts, you need to dig holes for the posts. The depth of the hole is 1.5 meters, the diameter should be 10 cm larger than the diameter of the column. The depth and diameter of the holes do not depend on the material of the column.

The bottom is laid out with sand or gravel to a height of 20 cm, then it is necessary to pour water over the hole in order to better compact it.

If the pillars are wooden or metal, then they must be treated with bitumen or wrapped with roofing material to protect against moisture penetration. After that, it is necessary to install the racks in a vertical position and pour concrete.

In the case when asbestos-cement pipes are used for the construction of supports, it is necessary to place reinforcement inside the pipe and pour concrete over the entire height of the pipe. During the pouring of the concrete mixture, it is necessary to mix it regularly to avoid the formation of air voids. Pins are embedded in the upper part of the pillars, on which the upper harness will be attached.

The next step on the wall of the house is to fix the support beam. It must be placed slightly higher than the posts to provide the necessary slope so that the snow does not accumulate on it, but falls freely down.

To fix the beam on a wooden wall, self-tapping screws are suitable, and in order to fix the beam on a brick wall, you need to insert dowels into pre-drilled holes.

The nuances of installing a truss system

The distance between the rafters is calculated taking into account the selected roof. It is best to use special programs for this purpose.

One edge of the rafter leg must be attached to the support beam, on the wall. This can be done in two ways: the first is to prepare several grooves in the beam itself and insert the rafters into them, and then fix it with metal corners. The second option is to use special fasteners.

The second edge of the rafter leg is attached to the top trim of the uprights. Since the roof weighs a little, they can also be fixed with metal corners. If the soil under the canopy is heaving, then it is better to use a movable connection of the rafters with a strapping to avoid subsidence of the racks.

We arrange the roof

The canopy does not need insulation and waterproofing. With rare exceptions, any roofing fastened to a sparse crate. Only soft tiles, requires a continuous crate and waterproofing of OSB sheets.

In turn, corrugated board can be laid directly on top of the rafters themselves. Sheets are laid across the rafters with an overlap, and fastened with self-tapping screws.

Modern building technologies allow a person with almost any budget to build a canopy, so the answer to the question of how much it costs to build a canopy depends entirely on the desires of the buyer and his imagination.

In this article, all stages of the construction of a canopy were discussed in detail. Now it remains only to take the acquired knowledge into service and start building this practical and stylish detail of the backyard landscape.